6.2 笔试真题 & 详解
2013工商银行笔试英语真题
Part I Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:If the salinity of ocean water is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation—conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner, the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtained.
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.
Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.
A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it well tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.
In the Weddell Sea, off Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of oceans of the world.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Where do we get our table salt?
B. Oceanic salinity in tropical regions
C. Three basic processes that alter oceanic salinity
D. Variations of salinity in different parts of the ocean
2. According to the author, the oceanic salinity is usually lower in _____.
A. tropical regions
B. coastal regions
C. places in which warm currents and cold currents meet
D. the Antarctica
3. All of the following are processes that decrease ocean salinity except _____.
A. precipitation B. runoff C. melting D. evaporation
4. What does the word “subtraction" in the fourth line of the first paragraph mean?
A. reduction B. influx C. transformation D. freezing
5. Which of the following is NOT a result of the formation of ice in oceans?
A. The surrounding water sinks.
B. The water becomes denser.
C. Water salinity decreases.
D. The surrounding water becomes colder.
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:More than a century ago, the relationship between glacial ice and the amount of water in the ocean basins was first seen. When the great ice sheet covered vast land areas, the sea level was lowered because the normal return of water from land to the ocean was reduced. As a result, the sea level rose as Ice Age glaciers melted allowing the melted waters to flow into the ocean. If all the glacial ice on the surface of the earth today should melt, the sea level might rise by more than 150 feet. Shoreline variations are also produced through elevation or depression of the land. During times of glacier formations the great weight of the ice slowly depressed the earth's crust. Removal of the weight through glacier melting allowed the slow return of the crust to its former position. Changes in the Great Ice climates from cool and wet to warm and dry produced climate changes far from the glaciated area. For example, at times of cool-wet glacial climates, levels of inland lakes rose, in contrast to the depression of sea level. During the warm-dry interglacial climates, lake levels were lowered. The ancient lake Bonneville, largest of the glacial lakes in Western United States, once covered more than 20,000 square miles. It had a maximum depth of more than 1,000 feet. Great Salt Lake in Utah is the shrunken remnant of this once large lake.
Although the first time that early man walked on the earth is uncertain, he is largely a product of the Great Ice Age. Present information shows that during this time he evolved rapidly both physically and culturally. His most primitive tools and skeletal remains have been found in some of the oldest deposits contemporary with the Great Ice Age in Africa, Asia and Europe. These are often associated with remains of extinct animals. With the disappearance of the great ice sheets, the Bronze and Iron Age cultures evolved. About this time many animals suited to cooler climates died.
Although much remains to be learned, the story of the Great Ice Age is being unfolded through the efforts of specialists in many fields. Recording field observation, new theories and methods, and worldwide studies of existing glaciers are bringing a clearer understanding of the Great Ice Age.
6. Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?
A. Man has a lot more to learn about the Great Ice Age.
B. The art of making tools was instrumental in bringing about the evolution of human brain.
C. Many species were not suited to the warmer climates of the Bronze and Iron Age.
D. The relationship between glacial ice and the amount of water in the ocean basins was not seen until more than a hundred years ago.
7. According to the article, which of the following will induce the depression of sea level?
A. formation of great masses of ice sheet on the land
B. precipitation
C. shoreline variations
D. the advent of warm-dry interglacial climates
8. Why does the author cite the example of the Great Salt Lake in Utah?
A. to show that it is a lake created in the Great Ice Age
B. to show that it once was the largest lake in the United States
C. to show that it evolved from the Bronze and Iron Age
D. to show that it is what remained of the once large lake Bonneville
9. Which of the following can be learned about early man based on the information provided in the passage?
A. The exact time of his appearance on the Earth is uncertain.
B. He evolved rapidly physically and culturally during the Bronze and Iron Age.
C. The ability to make primitive tools distinguished man from other animals.
D. Early man lived mainly on animals hunted.
10. The best source of information about the Great Ice Age is obtained from _____.
A. rock formations
B. fossil remains
C. primitive tools used by early man
D. Antarctica's ancient glacier
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born a hundred years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary (当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often go on welfare if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (康复的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored (赞助) by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply dumping grounds for the dying in which care is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel.
11. What was the cause to the population growth according to the passage?
A. increase of birth rate
B. advance in medical care
C. well-administered social welfare
D. the decrease of death rate
12. It can be learned from the passage that in some traditional societies _____.
A. infants may be left to die when there isn't enough food to go around
B. old and sick people are cared for at home until they died
C. people are required to retire at a certain age
D. people who are too weak or ill have to take care of themselves
13. What does the word “senile” in the first line of the last paragraph mean?
A. advanced in age B. sick
C. disabled D. capricious
14. What is the author's attitude toward the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals mentioned in the paragraph?
A. suspicious B. optimistic C. neutral D. critical
Questions 15 to 20 are based on the following passage:Although we already know a great deal about influenza, and although the World Health Organization is constantly collecting detailed information from its chain of influenza reference laboratories throughout the world, it is extremely difficult for epidemiologists (流行病专家), who study infectious disease, to predict when and where the next flu epidemic will occur, and how severe it will be.
There are three kinds of influenza virus, known as A, B and C. Influenza C virus is relatively stable and causes mild infections that do not spread far through the population. The A and B types are unstable, and are responsible for the epidemics that cause frequent concern. Following any virus attack, the human body builds up antibodies which confer immunity to that strain of virus, but a virus with the capacity to change its character is able to by-pass this protection. Variability is less developed in the influenza B virus, which affects only human beings. An influenza B virus may cause a widespread epidemic but will have little effect if introduced into the same community soon afterwards, since nearly everyone will have built up antibodies and will be immune. The influenza A virus, which affects animals also, is extremely unstable and is responsible for some of the worst outbreaks of the disease, such as the unparalleled pandemic, or world epidemic, of 1918-1919, when about half the world's population were infected and about twenty million people died, some from pneumonia caused by the virus itself and some from secondary complications(并发症) caused by bacteria.
Accurate prediction is difficult because of the complication of the factors. A particular virus may be related to one to which some of the population have partial involved immunity. The extent to which it will spread will depend on factors such as its own strength, or virulence, the ease with which it can be transmitted and the strength of the opposition it encounters. Scientists, however, have a reliable general picture of the world situation. Influenza A attacks us in waves every two or three years, while influenza B, which travels more slowly, launches its main assaults every three to six years. The outbreaks vary from isolated cases to epidemics involving a tenth or more of the population. We may confidently prophesy that sooner or later large numbers of people will be feeling the unpleasant effects of some kind of influenza virus.
15. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?
A. Symptoms of Influenza
B. Man Versus Virus
C. World Health Organization: Forefront against Influenza Virus
D. Variability of Influenza Virus
16. According to the author, which of the following is NOT true about influenza?
A. Man has obtained a great deal of knowledge about influenza.
B. The occurrence of influenza is still unpredictable.
C. Influenza is being studied extensively and systematically in many countries in the world under the guidance of World Health Organization.
D. No reliable treatment of influenza has yet been found.
17. What does the author say about the influenza B virus?
A. B virus is relatively stable and causes mild infections that do not spread far through the population.
B. B virus is unstable, and is responsible for the epidemics that cause frequent concern.
C. B virus is extremely unstable and is responsible for some of the worst outbreaks of the disease.
D. B virus has a very developed variability, and it affects only human beings.
18. Which of the following is the most dangerous virus according to the passage?
A. influenza A virus
B. influenza B virus
C. influenza C virus
D. it cannot be determined by the information provided
19. What does the word “assault” in the eighth line of the last paragraph mean?
A. influence B. attack C. symptom D. damage
20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the extent to which a virus spreads?
A. the strength of the virus
B. the strength of the opposition the virus encounters
C. the ease with which the virus can be transmitted
D. the immunity the virus can induce
Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
21. The facts he supplied were not relevant _____the case in question.
A. with B. to C. for D. about
22. A committee has been _____ by the counsel to look into the causes of unemployment.
A. designed B. devised C. worked D. set up
23. Few articles in the newspapers _____more attention than that reporting the murder case with O.J. Simpson involved.
A. enlist B. divert C. draw D. absorb
24. Julia _____two children since she got married in 1990.
A. gives birth to B. has given birth to
C. has been giving birth to D. gave birth to
25. The hospital was built on the side of a river, hence _____.
A. it has the name Riverside B. given the name Riverside
C. has got the name Riverside D. the name Riverside
26. It took them several weeks to _____the wild horse.
A. cultivate B. civilize C. curb D. tame
27. By the time you graduate, we _____in Australia for one year.
A. will be staying B. will have stayed
C. would have stayed D. have stayed
28. He appreciated _____the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.
A. having given B. to have been given
C. to have given D. having been given
29. They left for the airport very early in the morning _____traffic jam.
A. in line with B. at the risk of
C. in case of D. for the sake of
30. Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, _____water shortage is the worst.
A. not to mention B. of which
C. let alone D. for what
31. The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds _____his arguments in favor of the revision of the tax law.
A. on which to base B. which to be based on
C. to base on which D. on which to be based
32. Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe _____it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced.
A. so that B. but that
C. provided that D. in that
33. Just as relaxation is an important part of our lives, _____ stress.
A. so is B. as it is
C. and so is D. the same is
34. While a young man, he decided to put aside a little money every month to make for his old age.
A. provision B. supply C. adjustment D. insurance
35. The sales department has submitted a _____of their annual sales report to the board of directors.
A. schedule B. sketch C. shorthand D. scheme
36. It would be difficult for anyone to behave in a _____way when one is in a furious state.
A. rational B. legal C. stable D. credible
37. The final exams approached, _____the students became more and more nervous.
A. notwithstanding B. for
C. although D. as
38. Vingo took a bus and headed for home, if his wife would have _____him back.
A. not to know B. not known
C. not knowing D. not having known
39. We can make an exception _____.
A. in any case of John B. in case of John
C. in case of John's D. in the case of John
40. When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China, his father _____college.
A. attended B. had been attending
C. was attending D. has been attending
41. It's not safe to carry valuables around here. You'd better _____them in the hotel safe along with your passport.
A. save B. hide C. pack D. deposit
42. To proof-read these piles of documents is very time _____.
A. consuming B. spending C. expending D. wasting
43. According to the weather _____, tomorrow will be overcast and dull.
A. forecast B. foreword C. premonition D. prophecy
44. Armed with all the first-hand evidence, I was able to _____his argument in the court.
A. deny B. refuse C. contradict D. refute
45. This information doesn't shed any light _____the problem.
A. in B. toward C. on D. to
46. They feel they are justified _____the child because he was not behaving himself.
A. to punish B. to be punishing
C. in punishing D. punishing
47. We can't just _____his guilt. We've got to have some hard evidence to prove it.
A. assume B. presume C. believe in D. guess
48. _____in the first round of the competition, our team took the earliest flight back.
A. Being knocked out B. Having been knocked out
C. We were knocked out D. We had been knocked out
49. If the door was not forced open, _____that the burglar must have had a key.
A. it follows B. it is followed
C. following is D. it will be followed
50. The famous football star was _____ with the murder of his ex-wife and her boyfriend.
A. convicted B. charged C. blamed D. accused
参考答案
Part I Reading Comprehension
1. D。文章的主要内容是在不同的地区和地理、温度、气候条件下海洋的盐度。
2. B。根据文中信息,在沿岸地区,因为有淡水河流的注入,所以盐度较低。
3. D。文中第一段指出,蒸发使海洋失去水分,留下了盐分,盐的浓度就此增加。降水、径流、溶化都是减少盐分的过程。
4. A。subtraction的意思是“减少,抽走”。
5. C。文中很明确指出,海洋中冰的形成会引起盐度的增加。所以C显然不是海水结冰的结果。
6. B。工具的制造对人脑的进化起到了至关重要的作用,这一点并未在文中提到。
7. A。文中开头提到当大片的陆地面积被冰所覆盖时,因为注入海洋的地表径流量减少,使得海平面下降。
8. D。作者在第一段的结尾处举大盐湖的例子是为了说明它是一度覆盖2000平方英里的波那维尔湖因为在间冰期的温暖干燥时期湖面下降而逐渐缩小面积而形成的。
9. A。文中第二段的开头指出,人类最初出现在地球上的时间还不能最后确定。
10. C。文中第二段指出,发现的人类在冰河时代的工具和人骨可以帮助人们对冰河时代的情况有更多的了解。
11. D。文中第一段指出,人口的增加并不是因为出生率的增加,而是死亡率的下降。
12. B。文章第二段说明,在过去的、传统型的社会中,老人一般在自己的家里得到照料直到寿终正寝。
13. A。senile的意思是“年老的”。
14. D。从文章的最后一段可以看出,作者对于那些疗养院是持批评的态度,用的大多是贬义词。如dumping grounds, poorly paid, overworked, 和underskilled。
15. B。文章讨论的主要话题是不同的感冒病毒对人的影响,所以最合适的题目是“人和病毒”。
16. D。文章并没有提到人们还没有找到任何治疗感冒的良方。
17. B。文章第二段开头指出,B型病毒不稳定,而且往往会引起大范围的传染病的传播。
18. A。通过文章的介绍,可以看出,A型病毒是这三种病毒中对人类危害的一种,因为它不稳定,并会造成危害性极大的流感的传播。
19. B。assault的意思是“袭击”。
20. D。文章最后一段说明,病毒传播的程度和它本身的强度,它遇到的抵抗力,和它传播的难易程度都是密切相关的。但是文章没有提到病毒能带来的免疫力。
Part III Vocabulary and Structure
21. B。relevant to:相关,切题。
22. D。“成立一个委员会”:to set up a committee。set up在这里是“创立、开办、建立”的意思。
23. C。draw attention to something: 把某人的注意力吸引到……上来。也可以说attract one's attention to something。
24. B。give birth to:生子,产崽。因为有完成时态的标志词since,所以必须用现在完成时。
25. D。hence是个副词,“因此”。这个词较正式,用法也较特殊,后面的动词经常省略。直接跟名词、形容词。
26. D。tame:驯服。cultivate:耕种。civilize:使文明。curb:给马上马缰。控制,抑制,约束。
27. B。将来完成时常常和by和not. until+时间名词以及如build, complete, finish等表示完成意义的动词连用。另外在believe, hope, suppose(料想)等动词后面,也常常用将来完成时。比如:I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow. 我预料你明天就会变主意了。
28. D。在下列动词后面如果紧跟另一个动词或者是助动词have,则这些动词必须以ing形式出现。不可以用不定式。Admit, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, detest, discontinue, dislike, dispute, enjoy, escape, excuse, explain, fancy, feel like, finish, forgive, can't help, hinder, imagine, mention, mind, miss, it necessitates. pardon, postpone, practice, prevent, recall, report, resent, resist, risk, suggest, understand。
29. C。in case of:万一,以防。等于for fear there should be。有时可以省略of和后面的介词宾语。比如:They brought an umbrella just in case. For the sake of:为了……
30. B。which引导非限定性定语从句。指代前文的problems。
31. A。to base something on something:把……建立在……的基础上。这里which 指代的是grounds。
32. D。in that在这里相当于一个连词because。再比如:
This tribe has a very strange custom in that they always leave the corpse of their deceased relatives exposed until the vultures eat the flesh up. 这个部族有个非常奇怪的风俗,因为他们总是把死去的亲人的尸体暴露直到秃鹰吃光它们的肉。
33. A。as. so.正如同…… ……也是…… 常用来连接两个并列的名词。比如:
Just as Hong Kong is one of the biggest financial centers in the world, so is New York.
正如同香港是世界最大的金融中心,纽约也是。
34. A。 provision:预备,防备。
to make provisions for the future:为将来作好准备。
35. B。 sketch:草稿。schedule:时间表。shorthand:速记。scheme:策划。
36. A。rational:有理性的。
37. D。as:当……的时候。在这里是连词。
38. C。not knowing.是分词短语作状语。表示动作发生的背景或者情况。
39. D。in the case of.就……而言,对……来说。
40. C。因为when引导的时间状语从句有较明确的“一点时间”,用过去进行时最好。
41. D。deposit:存,存放。pack:收拾行李,装箱。
42. A。timeconsuming:花时间的。给这么一大叠文件检查拼写错误是非常花时间的。
43. A。weather forecast:天气预报。foreword:前言。premonition:预兆。prophecy:预言。
44. D。refute:驳斥,用推理的方式驳斥别人的争论。
contradict:仅仅是反对,也可用来表示论述或者事物之间明显的不协调。
deny表示对某一指控或是责难的否决。
45. C。throw/cast/shed light on:使显得明朗,阐明,弄清
This information threw some light on the matter.
这个信息使得这件事显得明朗。
The evidence obtained from that woman shed some light on this complicated case.
从那个女人那里得到的证据使得这个复杂的案子显得清晰了。
46. C。to be justified in doing something:觉得自己做某事是正当的。也可用justify的主动形式,比如:He cited a previous case to justify his argument.他引用了过去的一个案例来证明他的辩论是有理的。
47. A。assume:假定,设想。presume: 假设,(没有根据地)相信。
48. B。分词的现在完成式作原因状语,可以代替具有现在完成时的从句。分词完成式结构所表示的动作必须发生在主句的动作之前。
to knock out:(在体育比赛中)淘汰。
49. A。It follows that.(根据逻辑推理)可以断定……
It doesn't follow that.并不意味着……并不一定……
50. B。be charged with:被指控犯有…… 等于to be accused of (doing) something。
真题二:中国工商银行2013校园招聘笔试【英语+行测】练习题含答案解
第一部分:英语能力测试
1、单项选择
1. In China, it is a serious crime to __________ancient paintings out of the country.
A. struggle B. smuggle C. sublet D. withdraw
2. The rich man was asked to pay a high _________ for his daughter who was taken away by criminals.
A. margin B. prestige C. ransom D. purchase
3. According to the International Law, the United Nations would impose economic _________against an invading country.
A. commissions B. promotions C. sentences D. sanctions
4. To ______ something will enable you to buy property without having the funds to pay for it at present.
A. donate B. guarantee C. mortgage D. finance
5. Our university is unable to tuition fees to students who fail to complete the course.
A. rescue B. recover C. refund D. refresh
6. The two presidents came to the negotiating table due to the ______ over the international boundary.
A. quarrel B. dispute C. challenge D. competition
7. A major concern for photographers traveling by plane is possible ______ to their film caused by X-ray machines.
A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage
8. We must prevent that kind of disaster at all ______.
A. chances B. expenses C. costs D. risks
9.The student was told to ______ for being rude to his teacher.
A. excuse B. apologize C. pardon D. forgive
10. Beginning in the late 1970s, the economy of Alaska underwent a rapid change since oil was discovered and ______.
A. adopted B. utilized C. employed D. exploited
11. His wife's blood transfusion failed because her blood type was not ______ with that of the donor (供血者) .
A. friendly B. adaptable C. consistent D. compatible
12. After leaving college in 1980, he was ______ a lawyer, a clerk in a bookshop, and a merchant.
A. infinitely B. continuously C. eternally D. successively
13. From observers' estimates of the brightness of the fireball, he _____ that the body in the space was between 40 feet and 260 feet in diameter.
A. deduced B. reduced C. induced D. produced
14. As a theory, balance of power predicts the rapid changes in international power and status. For this reason, it helps to maintain the ______ of relations between states.
A. reliability B. credibility C. stability D. variability
15. The state government gave a very __________ explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.
A. comprehensive B. comprehensible C. comprehension D. comprehend
16. I hope you can ______ your term papers before the deadline.
A. permit B. commit C. admit D. submit
17. Like most foreigners, I ask a lot of questions, some of which are insultingly silly. But everyone I __________ has answered those questions with patience and honesty.
A. come across B. come by C. come over D. come into
18. There had been another prison breakout (越狱). Five men got away and are still ______.
A. at random B. at length C. at large D. at stake
19. But asking middle-class voters to abandon some of their benefits seems to be ______.
A. beyond question B. out of question
C. out of the question D. without question
20. Today the progress of science is so rapid that textbooks become out-of-date unless they are revised ______ of two or three years.
A. for the moment B. at times C. on schedule D. at the intervals
1--5: BCDCC 6--10: BDCBD
11--15: DDACA 16--20: DACCD
二、完型填空
It is the firm belief of astronomers that there are living creatures on other planets. It is also their earnest wish that some day 1 may be made with such living creatures by sending messages in the form of radio signals. The 2 of communicating with people on other plan-ets may one day come 3 since radio telescopes have now been invited .Scientific project of various kinds are now being launched to 4 signals or to receive sig-nals from distant planets. The question now arises: What sort of message should be sent so that it could be understood? To send a message in any language would be impractical 5 it would certainly not be intelligible.It is the opinion of scientists that a signal in the 6 of a simple arithmetic sequence might be understood.Scientists think that pictures might also be understood, so it would be a good idea to send pictures of the people
7 our planet.Pictures of domestic animals together with 8 crops we raise for our food might also be 9. Pictures of houses and buildings might convey further information about our life and society.As time goes on, TV pictures might be sent, which would further acquaint the beings on other planets 10 life and the level of civilization on our planet.
1. A. connection B. touch C. contact D. relationship
2. A. imagination B. dream C. nightmare D. fancy
3. A. true B. untrue C. impossible D. possible
4. A. send B. post C. deliver D. release
5. A. then B. as C. and D. therefore
6. A. kind B. type C. form D. category
7. A. settling B. inhabiting C. existing D. establishing
8. A. vicious B. various C. vary D. vision
9. A. transformed B. transmitted C. transferred D.
transplanted
10. A. on B. as C. with D. about
CBAAB CBBBC
三、阅读理解
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the foUowing passage:Despite a cooling of the economy, high technology companies are still crying out for skilled workers. The Information Technology Association of America projects that more than 800,000 technology jobs will go unfilled next year. The lack of qualified workers poses a huge threat to the U.S. economy.
The most commonly cited reason for this state of affairs is that the countrys agrarian-age education system, separated from the needs of the business world, fails to prepare students in the primary and secondary grades for twenty-first-century work. Yet an inadequate and outmod-ed education system is only part of the problem. A less tangible but equally powerful cause is an antique classification system that divides the workforce into two camps: white-collar knowl-edge workers and blue-collar manual laborers.Blue-collar workers emerged in the United States during the Industrial Age as work migra-ted from farms to factories. White-collar office workers became a significant class in the twenti-eth century, outnumbering their blue-collar brethren by mid-century. But the white or blue par-adigm has clearly outlived its utility. Corporations increasingly require a new layer of knowledge worker: a highly skilled multi-disciplinarian who combines the mind of the white-collar worker with the hands of the blue-collar employee. Armed with a solid grounding in mathematics and science ( physics, chemistry, and biology), these “gold-collar” workers-so named for their contributions to their companies and to the economy, as well as for their personal earning abili-ty-apply that knowledge to technology. Of course, the gold-collar worker already exists in a wide range of jobs across a wide range of businesses: think of the maintenance technician who tests and repairs aircraft systems at American Airlines; the network administrator who manages systems and network operations at P&G; the advanced-manufacturing technician at Intel.But until American business recognizes these people as a new class of worker, one whose collar is neither blue nor white, demands that schools do a better job of preparing employees for the twenty-first-century workforce will be futile.
1. According to the passage the lack of qualified workers
A. makes a cooling of the economy.
B. decreases the costs of high technology companies.
C. emphasizes the importance of unfilled jobs.
D. hinders the development of U. S. economy.
2. From the second paragraph we learn that
A. the workforce classification is as serious as the reason of education system.
B. twenty-first-century work are separated from the needs of the business world.
C. white-collar worker is only part of the problem of education system.
D. blue-collar manual laborers are needed in agrarian-aged America.
3. It can be inferred that the gold-workers differ from white collar and blue collar workers in that they
A. wear gold-collar working clothes when they are on duty.
B. do better in combining their contributions and earning abilities.
C. grasp the knowledge and engage in labor work as well.
D. apply the arts knowledge to technology.
4. The best title for the text maybe
A. 800,000 Technology Jobs Unfilled.
B. Gold-workers Needed.
C. U.S. Economy threatened.
D. Schools Fail to Train Gold-workers.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the following passage:
Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect lack of dis-crimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do. The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the computing machines "intelligence" on the details of its own percep-
tions its inability to be guided by any large context. In a psychological description of the com-puter intelligence, three related adjectives come to mind: single-minded, literal minded, and simple-minded. Recognizing this, we should at the same time recognize that this single-mind-
edness, literal-mindedness, and simple-mindedness also characterize theoretical mathematics,though to a lesser extent.Since science tries to deal with reality, even the most precise sciences normally work with more or less imperfectly understood approximations toward which scientists must maintain an ap-propriate skepticism. Thus, for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom but
only an approximation to a some that more correct equation taking account of spin,magnetic dipole, and relativistic effects and that this corrected equation is itself only an imper-fect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field theoretical equations. Physicists, looking at the
original Schrodinger equation, learn to sense in it the presence of many invisible terms in addition to the differential terms visible, and this sense inspires an entirely appropriate disre-gard for the purely technical features of the equation. This very healthy skepticism is
foreign to the mathematical approach.Mathematics must deal with well-defined situations. Thus, mathematicians depend on an intellectual effort outside of mathematics for the crucial specification of the
approximation that mathematics is to take literally. Give mathematicians a situation that is the least bit ill-defined,and they will make it well-defined, perhaps appropriately, but perhaps inappropriately. In some cases, the mathematicians’ literal-mindedness may have unfortunate consequences. The mathematicians turn the scientists; theoretical assumptions, that is, their convenient points of analytical emphasis into axioms, and then take these axioms literally. This brings the danger
that they may also persuade the scientists to take these axioms literally. The question, central to the scientific investigation but intensely disturbing in the mathematical context-what happens if the axioms are relaxed? -is thereby ignored.The physicist rightly dreads precise argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses
all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed,whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under small agita-tions of its underlying assumptions.
5. The author discusses computing machines in the first paragraph primarily in order to
A. indicate the dangers inherent in relying to a great extent on machines.
B. illustrate his views about the approach of mathematicians to problem solving.
C. compare the work of mathematicians with that of computer programmers.
D. provide one definition of intelligence.
6. According to the passage, scientists are skeptical toward their equations because scientists
A. work to explain real, rather than theoretical or simplified situations.
B. know that well defined problems are often the most difficult to solve.
C. are unable to express their data in terms of multiple variables.
D. are unwilling to relax the axioms they have developed.
7. According to the passage, mathematicians present a danger to scientists because
A. Mathematicians may provide theories that are incompatible with those already devel-oped by scientists.
B. Mathematicians may define situations in a way that is incomprehensible to scientists.
C. Mathematicians may convince scientists that theoretical assumptions are facts.
D. scientists may come to believe that axiomatic statements are untrue.
8. The author suggests that the approach of physicists to solving scientific problems is
A. practical for scientific purposes.
B. detrimental to scientific progress.
C. unimportant in most situations.
D. expedient, but of little long-term value.
Questions 9 to 2 are based on the following passage:
At an office in Hampton, Virginia, in the east of the United States, a team of ten net-sav-vy workers scours the web for sexual content, from basic sex education to sex acts. This “quali-ty assurance” team is making sure that the blocking component of Symantecs Norton Internet Security 2000 computer program remains effective. This is because there is widespread parental concern about blocking websites with sexual content from children.
Website blocking is nothing new-services like Net Nanny and programs like Cyber Patrol and Guard Dog have been around for a few years now, protecting children and reassuring par-ents that only wholesome websites are accessed by the youngsters. Net Nanny and Cyber Patrol will prevent access to any questionable sites when the program is in place.
Now Symantec says it has created a new category in consumer software with a package that combines website blocking with a "firewall, protecting your computer from hackers, snoopers and viruses, as well as preventing inadvertent disclosure of personal data.
In short, Norton Internet Security ( NIS), as the program is called, is designed to serve as the guardian of your digital health, keeping the bad things out and the private things in.The Symantec program can be configured in many ways, -the website blocking, for exam-ple, can be set to be either selectively permissive or total in its banning of websites, or switched off entirely. Also, Symantecs list of no-go areas, which on the CD now stand at a-round 36,000 addressed, is not confined to sex sites. The team in Virginia is also on the look-out for sites advocating drugs, or which contain references to violence or gambling, and keeps a watch on chat rooms, e-mail services, entertainment portals-even job search and financial pa-ges. These sites can be blocked by the program.
Computer users can also refresh the address list online with the live update feature which is used by Norton Anti-Virus (which is bundled with NIS) to load the latest virus definitions.This service is free for the first year but, including virus definition updates, it costs $ US 19.95 a year thereafter.
The system is not perfect, however. Limited testing found the blocking of some “question-able” sites was not comprehensive. Trying to get access to a well-known US site such as Play-boy results in an immediate blocking message with a standard invitation to report an “incorrectly categorized” site. By contrast, you could find in other countries such as New Zealand a sex sitewhich declared itself to be "dedicated to providing sexual material, imaged, and any thing a little bit unusual for sex enthusiasts all over the country".
9. We can infer from paragraph 1 that
A. the net-savvy workers are interested in searching the web for sexual content
B. this quality assurance team have difficulty in making sure that the blocking component effective for the parents request
C. the parents all over the world do not want the sexual websites to be blocked
D. the parents all over the world concern that their children will be harmed by the sexual websites
10. The functions of NIS is NOT to
A. protect computers from virus
B. protect personal data from inadvertently disclosed
C. protect computers from being invaded by other persons
D. forbid other people sharing your personal data
11. Which is NOT included in the Symantecs list of no-go areas?
A. sex sites B. gambling sites
C. violence sites D. shopping sites
12. Which the following statement is true according to the passage?
A. The program cannot only block the harmful websites computer users but also refresh the address list.
B. The NIS program is free, but you should pay $19.95 per year for the virus update.
C. Both the program and virus update are free.
D. Computer users should pay $19.95 every year the time they begin to use the program.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the following passage:
The decline of civility and good manners may be worrying people more than crime, accord-ing to Gentility Recalled, edited by Digby Anderson, which laments the breakdown of tradition-al codes that once regulated social conduct. It criticizes the fact that “manners” are scorned as repressive and outdated.
The result, according to Mr. Anderson--director of the Social Affairs Unit, an independ-ent think-tank--is a society characterized by rudeness: loutish behavior on the streets, jostling in crowds, impolite shop assistants and bad-tempered drivers.
Mr. Anderson says the cumulative effect of these-apparently trivial, but often offensive-is to make everyday life uneasy, unpredictable and unpleasant. As they are encountered far more often than crime, they can cause more anxiety than crime.The book has contributions from 12 academics in disciplines ranging from medicine to soci-ology and charts what it calls the “coarsening” of Britain. Old-fashioned terms such as “gentle-man” and “lady” have lost all meaningful resonance and need to be re-evaluated, it says. Ra-chel Trickett, honorary fellow and former principal of St. Hughs College, Oxford, says that thenotion of a "lady" protects women rather than demeaning them.
Caroline Moore, the first woman fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, points out that “gentle-man is now used only with irony or derision. The popular view of a gentleman is poised some-where between the imbecile parasite and the villainous one: between Woostcresque chinless wonders, and those heartless capitalist toffs who are.., the stock-in-trade of television.”She argues that the concept is neither class-bound nor rigid; conventions of gentlemanly behavior enable a man to act naturally as and individual within shared assumptions while taking his place in society.
For Anthony OHear, professor of philosophy at the University of Bradford, manners are closely associated with the different forms of behavior appropriate to age and status. They curb both the impetuosity of youth and the bitterness of old age.Egalitarianism, he says, has led to people failing to act their age. “We have vice-chancel-lors with earrings, aristocrats as hippies.. , the trendy vicar on his motorbike.”
Dr Bruce Charhon, a lecturer in public health medicine in Newcastle upon Tyne, takes is-sue with the excessive informality of relations between professionals such as doctors and bank managers, and their clients. He says this has eroded the distance and respect necessary in such relationships. For Tristam Engelhardt, professor of medicine in Houston, Texas, says manners are bound to morals.
“Manners express a particular set of values,” he says. “Good manners interpret and transform social reality. They provide social orientation.”
13. According to the passage, the decline of good manners is more worrying because
A. it leads to more crime in society.
B. people view manners as old-fashioned.
C. rudeness on the street cannot be stemmed out.
D. it can seriously affect our daily life.
14. Rachel Trickett seems to indicate the term “lady”
A. has acquired a different meaning. B. is too old-fashioned to use.
C. is preferred by feminists. D. victimizes women in society.
15. According to Caroline Moore, the media has projected a image of the gentle-man.
A. humorous B. favorable C. negative D. traditional
DACBB ACADD DADAC
第二部分:行政能力测试第1部分 言语理解与表达
(共30题,参考时限25分钟)
每道题包含一段话或一个句子,后面是一个不完整的陈述,要求你从四个选项中选出一个来完成陈述。注意:答案可能是完成对所给文字主要意思的提要,也可能是满足陈述中其他方面的要求,你的选择应与所提要求最相符合。
请开始答题:
1.理查德•比特纳把美国次贷危机中的借款人描述为“信用状况一塌糊涂,收入微薄,工作时有时无,没有租房史,也没有储蓄维持生活”。银行把钱贷给这样一些人显然是不可行的,政府监管也是不得力的。但美国社会为什么会有这么多穷人,或如此庞大的弱势群体?以上文字的主旨最可能是:( )(第一章用)
A.收入差距不断扩大是引起美国次贷危机的重要原因
B.美国的金融危机是由银行的次贷危机引起的
C.美国次贷危机的根源是银行把钱借给了大量没有还贷能力的穷人
D.美国政府对借款人还贷能力的监管不够
2.其实对于人生、道德、审美以及社会的解释,并无绝对正确的标准答案。每个时代、每个民族,都有提出问题的冲动以及解决问题的能力。满足这种历史需求的,便是所谓的“恰当学术”。你可以嘲笑胡适浅薄,称其提倡的实验主义颇为浅陋,甚至不如学衡派所推销的白璧德的新人文主义精细,但没用,后者就是不如前者适合那个时代中国人的趣味。以上文字是在阐述:( )
A.现实与理论的关系
B.实验主义与新人文主义的关系
C.时代与学术的关系
D.人生、道德、审美与社会的关系
3.卡尔•波兰尼说,如果听任市场机制成为人类命运及其自然环境乃至购买力的数量和用途的唯一指导者,那将导致对社会的破坏。就以商品而言,劳动力不可能被任意驱使、利用甚至舍弃而不影响刚好是这一特殊商品承担者的个人。也就是说,在处置一个人的劳动力时,制度总是面对着“人”那个称号下身体、心理和道德的统一体。这段文字主要说明:( )
A.无管制的市场会破坏社会
B.劳动力是特殊的商品
C.无管制的市场缺乏道德属性
D.劳动力不能被商品化
4.社会冲突扮演了一个激发器的角色,它激发了新规范、规则和制度的建立,从而充当了促使敌对双方社会化的代理人。此外,冲突重新肯定了潜伏着的规范,从而强化了对社会生活的参与。作为规范改进和形成的激发器,冲突使得调整已经发生变化了的社会关系成为可能。但是,社会冲突是否有利于内部适应,取决于是在什么样的问题上发生冲突,以及冲突发生的社会结构。这段文字主要说明:( )
A.社会冲突有助于社会整合
B.社会冲突的整合功能是需要条件的
C.社会冲突是社会化不充分的表现
D.社会冲突是参与社会生活的方式之一
5.香格里拉,本是佛陀的理想王国。其魅力在于那是一个可以贮放人类梦幻,但又可望而不可及的天堂。我们既然将一种美妙的梦幻,当作了实有的存在,并将神性的香格里拉,变成了世俗的香格里拉,还认定了它的所在地,那么,我们就应该以藏胞对大自然 那种宗教般的意志、虔诚和敬畏,殚精竭虑地去维护它的高洁与神圣。以上文字最有可能出现在一篇散文中的哪个部分,起什么作用?( )
A.文头埋下伏笔
B.文中浓墨渲染
C.文中扩展联想
D.文末咏叹收笔
6.不抵抗主义我向来很赞成,不过因为有些偏于消极,不敢实行。现在一想,这个见解实在是大谬,为什么?因为不抵抗主义面子上是消极,骨底里是最经济的积极。我们要办事有成效,假使不实行这主义,就不免消费精神于无用之地。我们要保存精神,在正当的地方用,就不得不在可以不必的地方节省些。这就是以消极为积极:没有消极,就没有积极。以上文字主要告诉我们:( )
A.我赞成不抵抗主义的理由
B.不抵抗主义貌似消极,实则积极
C.积极与消极其实只是相对意义上的哲学词汇而已
D.要成功必须把有限的精力集中起来做最重要的事情
7.“全球化”是一种非线性的、辨证的过程,在这一过程中,全球的与地方的不再是作为文化的两极而存在,而是作为并联在一起的、相互关联的原则而存在。这些过程不仅仅包括跨边界的相互联系,而且还要将内在于民族国家社会的社会与政治属性加以转化。这就是我所界定的“世界化”这段文字表达的主要观点是:( )
A.“全球化”是一种非线性的、辨证的过程
B.世界化意味着内在的全球化,意味着发自民族国家社会内部的全球化
C.“全球化”过程中的世界的和地方的文化是相互关联的
D.世界化包括跨边界的联系和民族国家内部的联系
8.在一个成熟的经济政策制定和经济学教育体系中,经济学理论必须更面对现实,经济政策也必须以理论逻辑为依归。但是,这是这种理论与现实的结合应该靠学科疆域的拓展和理论的进步,靠科学的学科分工和职业定位,而不是靠个人的能力或者角色转变。对这段文字理解不正确的是:( )
A.经济学理论不面对现实,就不能制定出积极的经济政策
B.作为经济学理论和现实相结合的经济政策不能根据经济学家的角色而制定
C.经济学理论和现实的结合要以学科疆域的拓展和理论的进步为基础
D.能否制定出合理的经济政策要看经济学家的能力如何
9.人类是一种文化动物。人类的行为不仅被先天的生物本能所决定,而且也受到后天的文化和社会等诸多因素的影响。爱美之心,人皆有之。然而,任何美妙的东西背后,都有并不美好的本质或起源,不管你是否能意识到。美丽往往是谎言,而实话往往很难听。浏览网页,你可能被华丽的页面吸引。如果从浏览器的菜单中查看源代码,你会发现一堆乱七八糟的东西,对你来说,没有任何意义。这段文字表达的主要意思是:( )
A.人类的行为受到后天的文化和社会等诸多因素的影响;
B.人类是一种文化动物;
C.任何美妙的东西背后,都有并不美好的本质或起源。
D.美丽往往是谎言,而实话往往很难听。
10.赶路的人,为了远方的目标,无意留心沿路的风光。许多其实并不比你追寻的东西逊色的路边风物,被你轻易地忽略过去了,待我们多年后明白过来时,已追悔莫及。而当你把赶路的心态转换成散步的心态,你就会发觉,得到有味,失去也也有味;富有有味,清贫也自有味;成功有味,失败也有味;热恋有味,失恋也有味;青春有味,衰老也有味……这时候,你才会恍然明白,你梦想中的东西其实就藏在路上;路途上的遭遇正有你所寻觅的东西。舍此之外,你还要寻求什么呢?对这段文字理解错误的一项是:( )
A.赶路的人是指那些为成功而舍弃沿途风景的人
B.我们不应该为远方的目标而苦苦追寻
C.也许梦想就藏在你匆匆赶路时的沿风景中
D.给人生留一些空闲的时间,而不是匆匆赶路
11.官员这种人从早到晚都解决有答案的问题,头脑已经被训练成这样,因此不是当政治人物的料。政治人物的任务是处理没有答案的问题,去应付很有可能无解的问题。然而,一个人越是被训练成优异的官员,就越以为问题都是有答案的,一定可以解决,因此一遇到可能无解的问题就束手无策,甚至拍拍屁股一走了之。所以,一个人越是被训练成官员,就越会变成不称职的政治人物。对这段文字的主旨概括最准确的一项:( )
A.一个优异的官员总以为问题都是有答案的
B.政治人物的任务是处理没有答案的问题
C.不是所有的官员都能成为政治人物
D.最优异的官员是最差劲的政治人物
12.建筑同样是有生命,有它的生命史。它不仅发生、成长,而且会成熟、转换、兴亡。生命是灵动的,建筑也同样是灵动的,是一个活体,所以它才倾注有那么多人类的情感。情感是生命的确证。生命需要空间,建筑与空间更是无法割裂,空间是它生命的舞台。同时,生命拥有历史,建筑也是活在时间中的,离开了时空,无论生命还是建筑都不存在了。但托庇于时空,生命与建筑却可以超越出来,进入无限与永恒——而这,正是建筑美学所追求。对以上文字在原文中的作用推测最准确的一项是:( )
A.这段文字旨在论证建筑生命史
B.这段文字作为后文阐述建筑美学的引子
C.为接下介绍建筑美学的历史渊源埋下伏笔
D.对前文关于建筑美学的论述进行总结
13.下列句子中,加点的成语使用恰当的一项是:( )(第一章用)
A.面对金融危机,某市政府为当地的出口企业制定了许多扶持政策,大量企业在国际竞争中脱颖而出。
B.如果你没亲身参加过蹦极运动,那么它给人带来的巨大刺激你是无法感同身受的。
C.易中天《品三国》一书出版后,受到许多读者的热烈欢迎,一时洛阳纸贵。
D.考虑问题时没有大局意识,目无全牛,顾此失彼,这就是他决策失误的重要原因。
14.下列各句中,句意明确,没有语病的一句是:( )
A.学校运动会将在下月中旬前后举行,所以我现在就要好好准备了。
B.已经推出并投入使用的杭州“市民卡”,除了包含“社保卡”所具有的医疗、养老等保险功能外,还可享受其他各类公共服务。
C.广大公务员,尤其是领导干部,想问题、办事情都要从党和人民的根本利益为出发点。
D、复原后的距今100万年前的“郧县人”是一个额头低平、眉弓粗壮、眼窝深凹而宽、鼻短而上扬、吻部突出、唇长而薄的远古人形象。
15、黄昏后,你穿过 的树影,踏着铺石板小径,进入这家老店。在后院的葡萄架下,寻一个好座位。长条的木板桌椅都漆成淡绿色,带着此地农舍由来已久的风格。挂在葡萄藤上的旧式风灯,将密密实实的巴掌似的葡萄叶照得 ,饶有画意。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.斑斑驳驳 深深浅浅 B.重重叠叠 深深浅浅
C.斑斑驳驳 零零碎碎 D.重重叠叠 零零碎碎
16.在中国古代,凭吊古迹是文人一生中的一件大事,在历史和地理的交错中, 般的生命感悟甚至会使一个人脱胎换骨。那应是黄昏时分吧,离开广武山之后,阮籍的木车在 间越走越慢,这次他不哭了,但仍有一种沉郁的气流涌向喉头,涌向口腔,他长长一吐,音调浑厚而悠扬。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.闪电 夕阳衰草 B.雷击 夕阳衰草
C.闪电 长亭古道 D.雷击 长亭古道
17.老庄固古今天下第一等聪明人,道德经五千言亦世界第一等聪明哲学。然聪明至此,已近老猾奸巨之哲学,不为天下先•则永远打不倒,盖老猾巨奸之哲学无疑。盖中国人之聪明达到极顶处,转而见出 ,及退而守愚藏拙以全其身。又因聪明绝顶,看破一切,知“为”与“不为”无别,与其 ,何如不为以养吾生。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.强驽之末 为而无效 B.强驽之末 苦心孤诣
C.聪明之害 苦心孤诣 D.聪明之害 为而无效
18.从鸦片战争到甲午战败,这个“数千年未有之大变局”的酿成乃是中国农耕文明 与西方工业文明 的双重结果。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.式微 侵凌 B.消亡 侵略
C.衰落 熏陶 D.变革 影响
19.中国人的历史知识,多半儿是从“讲史”中得来,有本事、有耐心抱着二十四史读下来的, 。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.寥若晨星 B.历历可数 C.孤鸾寡鹤 D.光前绝后
20.在《士兵突击》这个没有坏人的世界和极端 的情景中,人与人之间的冲突却那么热烈、那么戏剧性,它把观众卷入其中并 他们沉睡的正文感、神圣性,通过理想化的存在体验催生道德的价值观念。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.纯净 诱导 B.纯粹 诱发 C.干净 诱导 D.纯洁 诱发
21.简洁精辟、意义完整、结构定型的成语被滥用谐音篡改得面目全非;任意生造的各种时髦语言花样别出,让人摸不着头脑;错字、别字屡屡见诸书籍、报刊和电视……此种情形令人 。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.悚然 B.惘然 C.悻然 D.愕然
22.一个思想家或艺术家,没有比把作品写到生命上更令人 。本雅明是这种人如其文的思想家,文字与生命贯彻着忧郁的气质。忧郁性格的人,建立的同时永远潜藏一股自我毁灭力,以否定来肯定一如从忧郁撷取力量。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.惊心动魄 B.动人心魄 C.胆战心惊 D.触目惊心
23.社会生活的变化多样,使得任何一种规则体系都不能够不加变化地 ;反过来,文明社会的错踪复杂,也不能仅靠抽象原则与模糊观念来 。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.实施 维护 B.调适 继续
C.应用 维持 D.适用 维系
24.文明的发展就像一场梦,虽然醒来觉得 ,而 时是认真而严肃的。用精神分析的方法剥去梦的果实,留下梦的种子——本能的种子,就是宗教的起源。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.神乎其神 身临其境 B.不可思议 身临其境
C.神乎其神 引人入胜 D.不可思议 引人入胜
25.真正友谊的产物,只是一种 了你身心的愉快。没有这种愉快,随你如何直谅多闻,也不会有友谊。接触着你真正的朋友,感觉到这种愉快,你内心的鄙吝残忍,自然会消失,无需说教式的 。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.贯穿 指导 B.贯穿 劝说
C.渗透 诱导 D.渗透 劝导
26.那时候,老是慎重其事地把左掌右掌看了又看,或者从一条曲曲折折的感情线,估计着感情的河道是否 。有时,又正经地把一张脸交给一个人,从鼻山眼水中,去 一生的风光。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.决堤 窥探 B.崩溃 领略
C.崩溃 窥视 D.决堤 预测
27.不可以想象,没有以学术作为内容的思想,将成为怎样一种思想,而没有思想的学术,这种学术又有什么价值?思想与学术之间没有“不是东风压倒西风,便是西风压倒东风”那种 的关系
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.非此即彼 B.针锋相对 C.势不两立 D.此消彼涨
28.司马迁心胸开阔,不带成见,是个严格的史学家,而不是儒教的提倡者,在议题上他采取 的态度,他极度崇敬孔子,但他不是个 的孔门信徒。他所描绘的孔子是个人,而不是个圣人。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.客观 虔诚 B.开放 盲从 C.中立 狭隘 D.宽容 狂热
29.俄国的两位大作家,都情不自禁的对莎士比亚发表了自己的看法。屠格涅夫借批评哈姆雷特,对莎剧 ,他的态度倒还像个绅士,总的来说还算温和。托尔斯泰就比较厉害,他对莎士比亚进行了最猛烈的攻击,口诛笔伐,几乎把伟大的莎士比亚说得 。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.不屑一顾 一无是处 B.颇有微词 一无是处
C.心怀不敬 体无完肤 D.嗤之以鼻 一塌糊涂
30.张恨水《春明外史》里的杨杏园是 在传统与现代之间的一个轻度的精神分裂者,他白天的身份是 于北京大街小巷的现代记者,晚上则是安居租赁而来的小四合院的古典诗人。
填入横线部分最恰当的一项是:( )
A.踌躇 游走 B.彷徨 奔走 C.犹疑 奔跑 D.徘徊 穿梭
第二部分 数量关系
(共25题,参考时限25分钟)
本部分包括两种类型的试题:
一、数字推理:共10题。给你一个数列,但缺少其中一项,要求你仔细观察数列的排列顺序,然后从四个选项中选出最符合规律的一项来填补空缺项。
请开始答题:
31.0,16,8,12,10,( )
A.11 B.13 C.14 D.18
32.64,2,27,( ),8,,1,1
A. B. C. D.
33.7,15,29,59,117,( )
A.227 B.235 C.241 D.243
34.31,29,23,( ),17,13,11
A.21 B.20 C.19 D.18
35.22,36,40,56,68,( )
A.84 B.86 C.90 D.92
36.4,10,30,105,420,( )
A.956 B.1258 C.1684 D.1890
37.21,27,40,61,94,148,( )
A.239 B.242 C.246 D.252
38.1,3,11,67,629,( )
A.2350 B.3130 C.4783 D.7781
39.,,,,,( )(第一章用)
A. B. C. D.
40.3,8,17,32,57,( )
A.96 B.100 C.108 D.115
二、数学运算:共15题。每道题呈现一道算术式,或表述数字关系的一段文字或几何图形,要求你迅速、准确计算或论证出答案。41.已知两个数,的积是,和是2,且>,则的值是:
A.3 B. C.4 D.
42.已知,,,问的值是:
A.50 B.60 C.70 D.80
43.已知,则的值是:
A. B.0.02 C. D.0.01
44.已知2008年的元旦是星期二,问2009年元旦是星期几?
A.星期二 B.星期三 C.星期四 D.星期五
45.有一批长度分别为3、4、5、6和7厘米的细木条,他们的数量足够多,从中适当选取3根木条作为三角形的三条边,可能围成多少个不同的三角形?
A.25个 B.28个 C.30个 D.32个
46.甲、乙两港相距720千米,轮船往返两港需要35小时,逆流航行比顺流航行多花5小时,帆船在静水中每小时行驶24千米,问帆船往返两港要多少小时?
A.58小时 B.60小时 C.64小时 D.66小时
47.有大小两个瓶,大瓶可以装水5千克,小瓶可装水1千克,现在有100千克水共装了52瓶。问大瓶和小瓶相差多少个?
A.26个 B.28个 C.30个 D.32个
48.如右图1所示,梯形ABCD的对角线AC⊥BD,其中AD=,BC=3,AC=,BD=2.1。问梯形ABCD的高AE的值是:
A. B.1.72 C. D.1.81
49.现有6个一元面值硬币正面朝上放在桌子上,你可以每次翻转5个硬币(必须翻转5个),问你最少经过几次翻转可以使这6个硬币全部反面朝上?
A.5次 B.6次 C.7次 D.8次
50.“红星”啤酒开展“7个空瓶换1瓶啤酒”的优惠促销活动。现在已知张先生在活动促销期间共喝掉347瓶“红星”啤酒,问张先生最少用钱买了多少瓶啤酒?
A.296瓶 B.298瓶 C.300瓶 D.302瓶
51.如图所示,圆被三条线段分成四个部分。现有红、橙、黄、绿四种涂料对这四个部分上色,假设每部分必须上色,且任意相邻的两个区域不能用同一种颜色,问共有几种不同的上色方法?
A.64种 B.72种 C.80种 D.96种
52.小孙的口袋里有四颗糖,一颗巧克力味的,一颗果味的,两颗牛奶的。小孙任意从口袋里取出两颗糖,他看了看后说,其中一颗是牛奶味的。问小孙取出的另一颗糖也是牛奶味的可能性(概率)是多少?
A. B. C. D.
53.右图是由5个相同的小长方形拼成的大长方形,大长方形的周长是88厘米,问大长方形的面积多少平方厘米?
A.472平方厘米 B.476平方厘米
C.480平方厘米 D.484平方厘米
54.一个边长为80厘米的正方形,依次连接四边中点得到第二个正方形,这样继续下去可得到第三个、第四个、第五个、第六个正方形,问第六个正方形的面积是多少平方厘米?
A.128平方厘米 B.162平方厘米
C.200平方厘米 D.242平方厘米
55.某专业有学生50人,现开设有甲、乙、丙三门必修课。有40人选修甲课程,36人选修乙课程,30人选修丙课程,兼选甲、乙两门课程的有28人,兼选甲、丙两门课程的有26人,兼选乙、丙两门课程的有24人,甲、乙、丙三门课程均选的有20人,问三门课程均未选的有多少人?
A.1人 B.2人 C.3人 D.4人
第三部分 判断推理(共35题,参考时限30分钟)
本部分包括四种类型的试题:
一、图形推理:包括两种类型的题目,共10题。
(一)每道题目的左边4个图形呈现一定的规律性。根据这种规律,您需要在右边所给出的备选答案中选出一个最合理的正确答案。每道题只有一个正确答案。
请开始答题:
56.
A B C D
57.(第一章用)
A B C D
58.
A B C D
59.
A B C D
60.
A B C D
61.
A B C D
(二)请从所给的四个选择项中,选择最适合的一个填在问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性。
请开始答题:
62.
63.
64.
A B C D
65.
A B C D
二、类比推理:共10题。先给出一对相关的词,要求你在备选答案中找出一对与之逻辑关系上最贴近或相似的词。
请开始答题:
66.奢华︰简朴
A.忠诚︰虚伪 B.聪明︰呆板 C.敏捷︰迟钝 D.团结︰勾当
67.宋太祖︰杯酒释兵权
A.萧何︰暗度陈仓 B.班固︰不入虎穴,不得虎子
C.曹丕︰才高八斗 D.赵括︰纸上谈兵
68.诺言︰履行
A.思想︰交流 B.选择︰武断 C.电影︰制片 D.名单︰邀请
69.班门弄斧︰布鼓雷门
A.曲高和寡︰雅俗共赏 B.囫囵吞枣︰不求甚解
C.爱不释手︰弃如敝履 D.投鼠忌器︰声名狼藉
70.阴霾︰失意
A.角落︰寂寞 B.爆竹︰喜庆 C.瑞雪︰欢欣 D.滂沱︰盛怒
71.蓝色︰忧郁
A.黑色︰幽默 B.紫色︰高雅 C.白色︰恐怖 D.红色︰醒目
72.艺术︰生活
A.喷泉︰公园 B.利润︰企业 C.梦境︰大脑 D.战乱︰掠夺
73.锋芒毕露︰韬光养晦
A.莫衷一是︰见仁见智 B.隔靴搔痒︰雾里看花
C.循规蹈矩︰离经叛道 D.安土重迁︰随遇而安
74.不共戴天︰仇人
A.契若金兰︰朋友 B.相敬如宾︰兄弟
C.年谊世好︰夫妻 D.救死扶伤︰医生
75.劳心者治人,劳力者治于人︰孟子
A.出师未捷身先死,长使英雄泪满襟︰诸葛亮
B.衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴︰屈原
C.回眸一笑百媚生,六宫粉黛无颜色︰白居易
D.江山代有才人出,各领风骚数百年︰杜甫
三、定义判断:共5题。每道题先给出一个概念的定义,然后分别列出四种情况,要求你严格一句定义从中选出一个最符合或最不符合定义的答案。注意:假设这个定义是正确的,不容质疑的。
请开始答题:
76.鸡尾酒会效应:在鸡尾酒会上,很多人在同时进行着各种交谈,但一个人同一时刻只能注意和参与其中的一个交谈,这是注意分配的问题。由于心理资源有限,同一时刻只能将信息加以过滤和筛选,以此时最重要或最有兴趣的信息为注意对象。作为一个选择过滤器,注意就像收音机上的旋钮,一方面挡住大多数不需要的信息,一方面延留所需要的信息,使之进入意识。
根据上述定义,下列不属于鸡尾酒会效应的是:
A.讲座上听众们都认真听讲,全然不顾外面电闪雷鸣
B.生日聚会上他从一个话题转移到另一个话题,侃侃而谈
C.很少有人注意到83版《射雕英雄传》中有跑龙套的周星驰
D.婚礼上来宾们把目光都投向了新娘新郎
77.白日梦:指一种适度的意识状态的改变形式,注意力不再诉诸对环境刺激的反应,而是转向对内在刺激的反应。思维报告反映出注意偏离了现时要求的任务,不指向任何现时的外部刺激。一般来说,白日梦是人独处和放松休息时普遍的一种活动,在人们入睡前的短暂时刻里最多见,清醒时、就餐时、性生活时最少见。
根据上述定义,下列属于白日梦现象的是:
A.在看韩剧的时候她经常把自己想象成剧中的女主角
B.中午午睡的时候他做梦自己成了百万富翁
C.小明患有精神分裂症,常常说自己是玉皇大帝
D.恍惚中,她觉得日夜思念的爱人就在眼前
78.民法上的埋藏物:指包藏于他物之中,不容易从外部发现的物。埋藏物是有主物,只是所有人不明,而非无主物。具有历史、艺术和科学价值的文物不属于埋藏物.。
根据上述定义,下列属于埋藏物的是:
A.老张看见老李将一包东西埋藏起来,老张趁人不注意将其挖出
B.老张在公交车上发现的一个皮包
C.老张在耕地时挖出的一把八成新铁锨
D.老张拾荒时在垃圾堆里捡到的一台废弃电脑
79.马太效应:任何个体、群体或地区,一旦在某一个方面(如金钱、名誉、地位等)获得成功和进步,就会产生一种积累优势,就会有更多的机会取得更大的成功和进步。
根据上述定义,下列不属于马太效应的是:
A.教授、专家越是有名,得到的科研经费越多,社会兼职越多
B.国家总是重点投资建设名校,那些投入充分而硬件和软件占绝对优势的学校想不继续成为名校恐怕都很困难
C.在股市狂潮中,赚的总是庄家,赔的总是散户,普通大众的金钱,就会通过这种形式聚集到少数人手中
D.陈经理喜欢买彩票,最近他连买连中,买了新车,邻居羡慕之余纷纷向他讨教选号方法
80.强迫症:以强迫观念和强迫动作为主要表现的一种神经症。以有意识的自我强迫与有意识的自我反强迫同时存在为特征,患者明知强迫症状的持续存在毫无意义且不合理,却不能克制地反复出现。
根据上述定义,下列属于强迫症的是:
A.模特小张最近为了保持苗条身材,强迫自己每次参加聚会都少吃东西,她感觉很痛苦
B.过春节了,高三学生小陈一边很想跟同学出去玩,一边为了考上好大学不得不强迫自己在家里认真看书
C.林女士每次走出小区门口时,都会怀疑自家的煤气没有关掉或者大门没锁,于是再折返检查
D.内向的小李很想对喜欢的女孩子表白,但又很害怕被拒绝,整个晚上反复思考不能入眠
四、演绎推理:共10题。每题给出一段陈述,这段陈述被假设是正确的,不容置疑的。要求你根据这段陈述,选择一个答案。注意,正确的答案应与所给的陈述相符合,不需要任何附加说明即可以从陈述中直接推出。
请开始答题:
81.青春中学的一些数学老师取得了硕士学位。因此,青春中学的有些男老师取得了硕士学位。
以下哪项为真,最能支持上述论证的成立?
A.青春中学的数学老师都是男教师
B.青春中学的男教师中有些是教数学的
C.青春中学的数学教师中有些是男教师
D.一些青春中学的女性数学教师并没有取得硕士学位
82.H市的交通管理部门表示,和去年相比,今年我市市区的道路通行有明显改善。该部门负责人认为,这是由于我市聘用了大量的交通协管员。
以下哪项最不能削弱该负责人的结论?
A.今年初,H市专门召开会议对交通问题进行认真研究和整顿
B.许多专家认为,聘用大量的交通协管员的成本巨大,得不偿失
C.今年初,H市市区的道路新建扩建工程刚刚结束
D.今年H市对驶入市区的车辆进行了严格的限制,许多大货车、外地车在交通“高峰”时期不能进入市区
83.当枪声平息下来后,我爬出帐篷,看到那名向我要烟的男子脸朝下趴在那里。周围的人说,他已经死了,显然死于心脏病发作。这也是许多刚果人的结局,不死在枪林弹雨中,也会死在各种各样的疾病中。
从以上文字推测作者目睹男子死亡的情绪中包含最主要的是:
A.淡漠 B.悲悯 C.谴责 D.愤怒
84.把道德说成圣人立法,在很大程度上背离了道德。正如恩格斯所说的“没有爱情的婚姻是不道德的”中的不道德,恰恰是封建伦理中极力宣扬的“道德”。而这种所谓道德的阶级性,这种成为意识形态的道德,只不过是伪道德,并不能证明道德在不同的阶级那里有不同的性质。
从以上文字推测作者要表达的原意最不可能是:
A.道德不是圣人立法
B.道德易异化为服务于统治者的控制手段
C.封建伦理中的道德观念沦为悲惨婚姻的精神桎梏
D.在长期的阶级统治的政治高压下,统治者把持了道德的话语权
85.“我相信你,因为你是清白的。”这样的话,在逻辑上是说不通的,当你想了解他是否清白的时候,你已经不信任他了。信任是什么呢?如果你信仰上帝,就不能要求上帝走到你面前,让上帝证明给你看。如果你信任别人,就不能要求别人是清白的。信任是没有理由和前提的事情。
从以上文字可以推测作者对于信任的看法正确的是:
A.不清白的人才需要信任
B.信任就是默默地付出而不图任何回报
C.对他人的信任与对上帝的信仰在心理上是一模一样的
D.信任就是信任你的信任本身,而不是在于事实真相
86.西方宗教学的奠基人麦克斯•缨勒解释道:“宗教是一种内心的本能,或气质,它独立地、不惜助感觉和理性,能使人们领悟在不同名称和各种伪装下的无限。”把宗教解释为“独立地、不借助感觉和理性”而领悟“无限”的才能,真是高明之极。让宗教站在“无限”上,也就一劳永逸地摆脱了科学知识的“纠缠”。因为科学知识无论怎样发展,始终是“有限”的,那些“未被科学知识体系说明过其原因的经验事实”也就永远成为“极限”——“神和上帝”的领地。
从以上文字可以推测:
A.作者认为麦克斯的高明之处在于掌握了领悟无限的才能
B.麦克斯支持“世界永远是不可知的”这样一种理论
C.作者认为麦克斯的解释使“无限”成了“神和上帝”的领地
D.科学知识无法触及支撑宗教发展乃至繁荣的智慧核心
87.某项调查研究表明,80后和90后的年轻人更喜欢通俗唱法的歌曲,而对美声、民族等唱法不感兴趣。美声、民族等唱法正逐渐被时代所淘汰。
下列哪个正确,最能对以上结论构成有效的反驳?
A.许多中年人喜欢美声唱法和民族唱法
B.一些接受过正规音乐教育的年轻人更喜欢美声唱法和民族唱法
C.流行音乐不仅给年轻人带来娱乐,还能更真切地表达其想法和意愿
D.调查表明,美声和民族唱法在80年代以后的流行程度反而稳步上升了
88.相比那些不踢足球的大学生,经常踢足球的大学生的身体普遍健康些。由此可见,足球运动能锻炼身体,增进身体健康。
以下哪项为真,最能削弱上述论断?
A.大学生踢足球是出于兴趣爱好,不是为了锻炼身体
B.身体不太好的大学生一般不参加激烈的足球运动
C.足球运动又一定的危险性,容易使人受伤
D.研究表明,长跑比踢足球更能达到锻炼身体的目的
89、经济学家认为政府对能源利用方面的管制是多余的,市场完全可以自行调节能源的供需矛盾。如果能源真的紧张,那么反映在市场上,能源价格自然会上涨,而能源价格的上涨,一方面因为使用成本提高而使得人们减少对能源的使用,另一方面因为利润增加使得能源供应商增加供给。
以下哪项为真,能有力地对上述论述提出质疑?
A.能源价格上涨后,人们会更多地使用节能产品
B.由于难以忍受能源价格的上涨造成的生活成本的增加,人们就会抗议政府在能源管理方面无所作为
C.能源价格降低后会刺激人们使用更多的能源
D.人们对能源的需求缺乏弹性
90.有红、蓝、黄、白、紫五种颜色的皮球,分别装在五个盒子里。甲、乙、丙、丁、戌五人猜测盒子里皮球的颜色。甲:第二盒是紫的,第三盒是黄的。乙:第二盒是蓝的,第四盒是红的。丙:第一盒是红的,第五盒是白的。丁:第三盒是蓝的,第四盒是白的。戊:第二盒是黄的,第五盒是紫的。猜完之后打开盒子发现,每人都只猜对了一种,并且每盒都有一个人猜对。
由此可以推测:
A.第一个盒子内的皮球是蓝色的 B.第三个盒子内的皮球不是黄色的
C.第四个盒子内的皮球是白色的 D.第五个盒子内的皮球是红色的
第四部分 综合基础知识
(共20题,参考时限15分钟)
根据题目要求,在四个选项中选出一个正确答案。
请开始答题:
91.“物质是标志客观实在的哲学范畴,这种客观实在是人通过感觉感知的,它不依赖于我们的感觉而存在,为我们的感觉所复写、摄影、反映。”提出这一物质定义的是:
A.费尔巴哈 B.黑格尔 C.列宁 D.马克思
92.资本的技术构成是指:
A.生产资料数量与劳动力数量的比例
B.可变资本/不变资本
C.可变资本与总资本的比例
D.剩余劳动时间/必要劳动时间
93.邓小平《 》的著名讲话,实际上是十一届三中全会的主题报告,它是开创建设有中国特色社会主义新理论的宣言书。
A.建设有中国特色的社会主义
B.解放思想,实事求是,团结一致向前看
C.什么是社会主义,怎样建设社会主义
D.实践是检验真理的唯一标准
94.根据全面建设小康社会的目标,在优化结构和提高效益的基础上,我国的国内生产总值到 力争比2000年翻 。
A.2015年 两番 B.2015年 三番
C.2020年 两番 D.2020年 三番
95.根据我国的法律效力层次,下列法律中效力最高的是:
A.行政法规 B.地方性法规 C.政府规章 D.自治条例
96.下列关于行政诉讼的被告表述中,不正确的是:
A.它只能是组织,而不能是个人
B.它是被诉的一方当事人,可以以自己的名义应诉
C.对共同行政行为不服的,作出共同行政行为的行政机关为共同被告
D.在行政委托关系中,被委托的行政机关是被告
97.根据《行政许可法》,除可以当场作出行政许可决定的外,行政机关应当自受理行政许可申请之日起 内作出行政许可决定
A.三日 B.七日 C.十日 D.二十日
98.根据我国《刑法》的相关规定,下列罪犯不得假释的是:( )(第一章用)
A.甲犯强奸罪被判处有期徒刑11年
B.乙犯贪污罪被判处有期徒刑13年
C.丙犯受贿罪被判处无期徒刑
D.丁犯盗窃罪被判处有期徒刑8年
99.行政监督可以分为政府自我监督和行政外部监督两大类,下列属于政府自我监督的是:
A.立法监督 B.审计监督 C.司法监督 D.政党监督
100.《公务员法》规定,对公务员考核的内容包括德、能、勤、绩、廉五个方面,重点考核:
A.思想道德 B.廉洁自律 C.业务能力 D.工作实绩
101.下列对公务员的处分的说法中,不正确的一项是:
A.处分种类包括警告、记过、记大过、降级、撤职、开除六种
B.处分决定应当以书面的形式通知公务员本人
C.受处分期间,公务员不得晋升职务和级别,不得晋升工资档次
D.警告的受处分期间为六个月
102.制度经济学认为, 是同时包含“冲突、依存和秩序”这三种成分的“最小的单位”,是分析经济制度的基本范畴。
A.交易 B.价格 C.商品 D.风险
103.在市场经济中,价格的高低决定着生产者之间经济利益的分配,竞争力强的企业获得利润多,而竞争力弱的企业则获得利润少,这是市场经济的:
A.利益刺激功能 B.优胜劣汰功能
C.自动调节收入分配功能 D.优化资源配置功能
104.“北美自由贸易区”是 三国于1992年8月12日宣布成立的,是发达国家和发展中国家共同参与的经济一体化组织。
A.美国、加拿大、智利 B.美国、加拿大、墨西哥
C.美国、智利、秘鲁 D.美国、阿根廷、巴西
105.艾滋病被称为“20世纪的瘟疫”,艾滋病病毒人体内的 作为攻击目标。
A.红细胞 B.血红蛋白 C.淋巴细胞 D.神经系统
106.我国是一个统一的多民族国家,其中少数民族占全国人口的8%左右。请问下列少数民族只中,人口最少的是:( )(第一章用)
A.高山族 B.苗族 C.回族 D.壮族
107.下列关于公文格式的说法中,不正确的一项是:
A.发文机关标识一般由发文机关全称或规范化简称后加“文件”两字组成,套红印刷
B.主送机关又称抬头、上款,书写在标题之下靠左顶格位置
C.附件是公文的重要组成部分,附件名称一般需加书名号
D.印章是制发机关对公文生效负责的凭证。通常,联合上报的公文,由主办机关加盖印章;联合下发的公文,发文机关都应加盖印章
108. 被人民称为“现代奥林匹克之父”,他是 国人。
A.阿尔维尔 法 B.顾拜旦 英
C.阿尔维尔 美 D.顾拜旦 法
109.民谚有“础润而雨”的说法,作为劳动人民千百年来宝贵劳作经验的总结,它的主要科学依据体现在
的变化通过“础润”的形式表现出来,从而预示着天气的变化
A.温度 B.湿度 C.气压 D.风向
110.春秋时期,周天子的地位一落千丈,诸侯王不再听命于周王,一些强大的诸侯趁机发动兼并战争,强迫其他各国承认其霸主地位。管仲辅佐 打着“尊王攘夷”旗号,使其“九合诸侯,一匡天下”,成为春秋时期第一个霸主。
A.晋文公 B.楚庄王 C.齐桓公 D.秦穆公
第1部分 言语理解与表达
1. 【解析】A。文段首先引用理查德•比特纳的话描述了一下美国次贷危机中借款人的状况,然后对此做了一个评价。接着话锋一转,提出问题,即这种状况为何会发生。可见,作者的真正目的在于揭示这种现象的真正原因。
2.【解析】C。这段文字首句提出“满足这种历史需求”便产生“恰当学术”。接着举例说明什么是恰当学术,即“适合那个时代的”便是“恰当学术”。可见,整个文段都在描述“时代与学术的关系”
3.【解析】A。文段首句即用卡尔•波兰尼的话提出观点,即不加管制的市场机制会破坏社会,接着用劳动力的使用情况来举例说明这一破坏的表现,因此正确答案为A;C项只是无管制市场对社会破坏的一个方面。
4.【解析】B。文段的前三句明确肯定了社会冲突的重要作用,然后用“但是”提出社会冲突的这种作用的发挥是需要条件的。
5.【解析】D。这段话选自李存葆的散文《净土上的狼毒花》,这部分是对全文内容的咏叹收笔。
6.【解析】D。文段前半部分提出应该实行不抵抗主义,后半部分提出原因。从文中可以知道,所谓的不抵抗主义,其实就是“保存精神,在正当的地方用”、“在可以不必的地方节省些”,也就是说我们成功必须把有限的精力集中起来做最重要的事情,所以选D。
7.【解析】B。这段文字首先从“全球化”的解释出发,引出了作者对“世界化”的界定。由此可知,这段文字主要是来说明作者对“世界化”的界定。A、C两项分别对应题干的第一、二句,过于片面;B项偷换概念,把“内在于民族国家社会的社会与政治属性加以转化”偷换为“内在的全球化”以及“民族国家内部的全球化”。
8.【解析】D。题干中明确提出“不是靠个人的能力或者角色转变”,所以D项错误。
9.【解析】C。题干首先提出人类是文化动物,行为受先天本能和后天文化、社会的影响,因此,爱美之心,人皆有之。接着提出“任何美妙的东西背后,都有并不美好的本质或起源”,然后用语言和网页来举例说明。例子所说明的就是C项的内容。
10.【解析】B。题干说明赶路的人,会忽略沿途的风光,从而造成遗憾,因此要改变心态。A、C、D项都可以从题干中推出,只有B项错误,把不应该匆匆赶路偷换成不应该追寻远方的目标。
11.【解析】D。题干全部是在谈论官员和政治人物的关系,前半段说官员和政治人物的任务,接着用“然而”转折指出,“一个人越是被训练成官员,就越会变成不称职的政治人物。”可见,这里体现的是成为官员的程度与成为政治人物的称职程度的问题。
12.【解析】B。本题是文学欣赏题,这段文字意在引出对建筑美学的讨论。
13.【解析】C。脱颖而出:比喻人的才干在适当的时机迅速的显现出来。这里用来形容企业,属于误用;感同身受:原指感激的心情如同亲身受到对方的恩惠一样,现指虽未亲身经历,但感受就同亲身经历一样,主要指A对B的付出C好像亲身感受一样,而这里是对一项运动的感觉,显然是不适合的;目无全牛:比喻技术娴熟到了得心应手的地步,这里被误用为了没有全局观念;洛阳纸贵:原指洛阳的纸,一时供不应求价格高,现在用来比喻作品为世所重,风行一时,流传甚广,这里用来形容《品三国》的受欢迎程度,是正确的。
14.【解析】A。B项“市民卡”和“享受其他各类公共服务”不能搭配;C项“从……为出发点”应该改为“以……为出发点”或“从……出发”;D项“距今100万年前”应该改为“距今100万年”;只有A项正确。
15.【解析】B。斑斑驳驳,指色彩杂乱,这里的树影只能是一种颜色,因此不选斑斑驳驳,排除A、C;由于灯光的作用,葡萄叶会被照的亮度“深深浅浅”而不会变得“零零碎碎”。
16.【解析】B。“闪电”形容“迅疾与快速”,而文段强调的是带来重大影响“使一个人脱胎换骨”,可见选“雷击”更合适;由“黄昏时分”可知第二个空应该填“夕阳衰草”。
17.【解析】D。强弩之末,比喻强大的力量已经衰弱,起不了什么作用。这里是指事物发展到极端,就会显现它不好的地方,因此选“聪明之害”最为恰当;第二个空在对“为”与“不为”进行对比,在“为而无效”的情况下,不如“无为”,因此选D项。
18.【解析】A。清末是中国农耕文化衰落的时候,因此排除B、D;甲午战争是日本对我们的侵略,不能选褒义词“熏陶”,排除C;只有A项正确。
19.【解析】A。寥若晨星:稀疏得好像早晨的星星,指为数极少。历历可数:可以清楚地一个个或一件件数出来。孤鸾寡鹄,比喻单身的男女。光前绝后:比喻事情做得干净利落,不留痕迹。文段主要说明的是认真读二十四史的人少,因此选A项。
20.【解析】B。纯粹,指不参杂别的成分。纯净,指不含杂质,指事物的纯度。纯洁,没有污点,没有死心,常用来形容人,因此,第一个空用“纯粹”。诱导,重在引导。诱发,重在启发,这里主要是通过故事来启发观众,因此,第二个空选“诱发”。
21.【解析】D。悚然,害怕的样子。惘然,失意的样子,心里好像失掉了什么东西的样子。悻然,怨恨愤怒的样子。愕然,形容吃惊的样子。很明显,文段要求填入的是形容吃惊的样子,因此选D项。
22.【解析】A。首先排除B,“动人心魄”与“令人”重复。“胆战心惊”形容害怕,也应予以排除。触目惊心,看到某种严重的情况引起内心的震动,这里并没有严重的情况,予以排除。惊心动魄,使人神魂震惊。指文辞优美,意境深远,使人感受极深,震动极大,因此选A项。
23. 【解析】D。“实施”主要用于具体措施,而不是“体系”。调适,调整使适应,与文段的“不加变化”有所重复,排除A、B两项。维护,使免于遭受破坏,维持保护。维持,是继续存在下去。维系,维持并联系,使不涣散。可见,文段最后一个空,用“维系”与这种“错综复杂”搭配更合适。
24.【解析】B。神乎其神:神秘奇妙到了极点,形容非常奇妙神秘。人醒来以后,对梦的感觉应该是“不可思议”更为恰当。引人入胜:指引人进入佳境,现多用来指风景或文艺作品特别吸引人。这里指人对梦的感觉,用“身临其境”最为恰当。
25.【解析】D。贯穿,穿过,连通,与人的身心搭配显然不合适,排除A、B,“说教式”的只能是“劝导”,而不是“诱导”。
26.【解析】A。河道用“决堤”修饰,“崩溃”常指政治、经济、军事等或人的精神,排除B、C;“从鼻山眼水中”可知有“管窥”之意,因此选“窥探”要比“预测”要好一些。
27.【解析】C。“不是东风压倒西风,便是西风压倒东风”是一种“势不两立”的关系,因此选C项。非此即彼,不是这一个,就是那一个,在两者之间必取其一的选择。针锋相对,比喻双方策略、论点及行动等尖锐对立。
28.【解析】B。在议题的选择上,司马迁采取的是开放的态度,“中立”、“客观”、“公正”都是指对待事物的态度上,这里用在议题的选择上,并不合适;司马迁笔下的孔子“是个人,而不是个圣人”,体现了他虽然崇敬,但不盲从的态度。
29.【解析】B。首先,屠格涅夫的态度比较温和,而“不屑一顾”和“嗤之以鼻”态度都过于不温和,因此排除A、D。心怀不敬,指心里对某人不恭敬。但是文段已经指出,屠格涅夫借批评作品里的人物批评了莎士比亚的剧作,因此已经不仅是心里的不敬,而且已经表露出来了。而“微词”,指隐晦的批评,和文段意思吻合。一无是处:是指没有一点儿对的或好的地方。体无完肤:比喻论点被全部驳倒或文章被删改。两者都可以用,综合起来考虑,B项最为恰当。
30.【解析】D。彷徨:走来走去,犹豫不决,不知往哪个方向去。踌躇:心里迟疑,要走不走的样子。徘徊:在一个地方来回地走,比喻由于不决。题干体现的是在传统与现在之间的来回变化,因此只有徘徊具有在某个范围内变化的意思,因此选D项。
第二部分 数量关系
31.【解析】A。后一项减去前一项得到16,-8,4,-2,(1),这是一个公比为 的等比数列。
32.【解析】D。奇数项分别是 , , , ;偶数项分别是 ,( ), , ,所以选D项。
33.【解析】B。 7*2+15=29, 15*2+29=59,29*2+59=117 , 59*2+117=235。
34.【解析】C。这是一个依次由大到小排列的质数数列。
35.【解析】C。22+36/2=40 ,36+40/2=56 , 40+56/2=68, 56=68/2=90。
36. 【解析】D。后一项除以前一项得到2.5,3,3.5,4,4.5的等差数列。
37. 【解析】A。本题为三级平方数列,21 27 40 61 94 148 (239)
6 13 21 33 54 (91)
7 8 12 21 (37)
1 4 9 16
这是一个自然数列的平方数列。
38. 【解析】D。本题的通项为,当时,用尾数计算法可知D项正确。
39. 【解析】C。原数列可以变为,,,,,(),后一项的分母减去前一项的分母,得到5,7,9,11,13的等差数列。
40. 【解析】A。本题为三级平方数列,3 8 17 32 57 (96)
5 9 15 25 39
2 6 10 14
这是一个公差为4的等差数列。有的书上认为本题的规律是冥次修正数列,1+2=3、4+4=8、9+8=17、16+16=32、25+32=59、36+64=100,前一个数是自然数的平方数列,后一个数是首项为2,公比也为2的等比数列。本书认为此规律有点偏,不适宜采用。
41. 【解析】A。,,解得,,所以。
42. 【解析】A。由,可求得,所以肯定是25的倍数,只有A项满足。
43. 【解析】D。由得,所以,解得。
44. 【解析】C。2008年是闰年,总共有366天,余2,所以应该是星期四。
45. 【解析】D。分类统计:(1)等边三角形:5个;(2)两边相等三角形:18个。(注意3与6、7的搭配,不能构成两条3厘米的边);(3)三边不等三角形:-1=9个。(3,4,7不能构成三角形),总共有32个。
46. 【解析】C。水流速度=,。
47. 【解析】B。每个大瓶比小瓶多装4千克水,所以大瓶数量=(100-52)/4=12,40-12=28个。
48. 【解析】C。梯形的面积等于对角线乘积的一半,所以AC×BD=×2.1=。
49. 【解析】B。每次翻五个硬币,轮流着空出一个硬币来,六轮即可。
50. 【解析】B。每7个空瓶换一瓶酒,相当于6个空瓶换一瓶酒,余4,所以张先生最多能用空瓶兑换到49瓶酒,则张先生至少买了瓶酒。
51.【解析】B。分别可以涂1,2,3,4四个区域分别能够填4、3、2、3种颜色,共有72种上色方法。
52. 【解析】C。两颗都是奶糖只有一种情况,一颗奶糖另外一颗不是有4种情况,因此如果有一颗是,那么另外一颗也是的概率为1/5。
53. 【解析】C。设小长方形的长宽比为和,则有,,所以大长方形的面积为24×20=480。
54. 【解析】C。每个正方形都是前一个面积的一半,所以有。
55.【解析】B。图解法,在韦氏图中标注相关数据,七个空间之数均可求出,和为48。
第三部分 判断推理
56. 【解析】B。每个图形元素的个数分别是2,3,4,5,所以选B项。
57. 【解析】D。题干中每个图形的边数都是12,只有D项满足。
58. 【解析】A。题干中黑色方块依次顺时针移动,每次移动2、3、4、5格,所以选A项。
59. 【解析】A。题干中每个图形交点的数目分别为3、4、5、6、7,只有A项满足。有的书上认为本题的规律是对称并且相切,那么只有B项满足。本书认为两种规律都可行,此题不够严谨。
60. 【解析】A。两个三角形其中必有一个走斜线到头,另一个走半斜线(类似象棋中跳马),则在A、D中选,五角星每次移动都只有一格,所以选A。
61. 【解析】B。一个圆圈等于5个三角形,一个正方形等于4个三角形,每个图换算过来都是22个三角形,所以选B项。
62. 【解析】D。所给图形中,对角线图形外形两两相同,所以选择三角形,排除A、C;里面阴影部分每行每列没有相同的,半黑半白上面有了,所以选择全黑的三角。
63. 【解析】B。每一行为一组,每行都有5个部分是用直线连接起来的,所以选B项。
64. 【解析】C。一个网格方块等于两个空白方块,以每一行为一组,第一、第二个图元素数目相加等于第三个图形,所以选C项。
65. 【解析】A。补全图形,应该和右上角的图形对称,所以选A项。
66. 【解析】C。奢华和简朴是反义词,只有敏捷车迟钝是反义词,其他选项都不是反义词。
67. 【解析】D。暗度陈仓的是韩信,不入虎穴,焉得虎子的是班超,才高八斗的是曹植,纸上谈兵的是赵括。
68. 【解析】A。动宾短语,履行诺言,交流思想,所以选A项。
69. 【解析】B。布鼓雷门,指在雷门前击布鼓,比喻在能手面前卖弄本领,所以题干两个词是同义词。囫囵吞枣,比喻在学习上食而不化,不加分析思考地笼统接受。和不求甚解同意,所以选B项。
70. 【解析】C。一一对应象征意义,一个是天气,一个是心情。霾,指原因不明的因大量烟、尘等微粒悬浮而形成的浑浊现象。只有C项满足。
71. 【解析】B。一一对应象征意义,蓝色代表忧郁,紫色代表高雅。白色恐怖和黑色幽默是特有的名词,属于同一种类别。
72. 【解析】D。艺术源于生活,战乱源于掠夺,所以选D项。
73. 【解析】C。锋芒毕露,是指喻指言辞犀利,敢说敢为,也比喻锐气和才干全都显露出来。韬光养晦,指隐藏才能,不使外露。两者是一对反义词。莫衷一是,指不能断定哪个对,哪个不对,也指意见纷纭,分歧很大,不能得出一致的结论。见仁见智,指对同一个问题,不同的人从不同的立场或角度有不同的看法。隔靴搔痒,比喻说话不中肯,不贴切,没有抓住要点,或做事没有抓住关键,不解决问题。循规蹈矩,原指遵守规矩,不敢违反,现也指拘守旧准则,不敢稍做变动。离经叛道,原指违反封建统治阶级所尊奉的经典和教条,现泛指背离占主导地位的理论或学说。随遇而安,指在任何时候都能得到满足。安土重迁,形容留恋故土,不肯轻易迁移。
74. 【解析】A。不共戴天形容仇恨极深,契若金兰比喻朋友交情深厚。
75. 【解析】C。孟子写的“劳心者治人,劳力者治于人”,白居易写的“回眸一笑百媚生,六宫粉黛无颜色”。出师未捷身先死,长使英雄泪满襟的作者是杜甫;衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴的作者是柳永;江山代有才人出,各领风骚数百年的作者是赵翼。
76.【解析】B
【解析】注意“同一时刻”。
77.【解析】D
【解析】意识状态改变,注意力偏离。
78. 【解析】C
【解析】所有人不明,不容易从外部发现……
79. 【解析】D
【解析】连买连中不属于积累优势。
80. 【解析】C
【解析】每次…都,说明“持续存在毫无意义且不合理,不能克制地反复出现”。
81. 【解析】A。有些数学老师取得了硕士学位,所以有些有硕士学位的是数学老师;有些男教师取得了硕士学位,所以有些有硕士学位的是男教师。很显然,A项“青春中学的数学老师都是男教师”最能支持上述论证。
82. 【解析】B
【解析】B项犯转移论题错误。
83. 【解析】B
【解析】略
84. 【解析】C
【解析】略
85. 【解析】D
【解析】略
86.【解析】B
【解析】注意“推测”,可以推测麦克斯的观点是建立在“世界是人类不可知的,只有上帝可知”基础上。C项中,“无限”等同于“神和上帝的领地”,并非作者的解释使然。
87. 【解析】D
【解析】略
88. 【解析】B。题干说的是踢足球的人比不踢足球的人的身体更健康,而忽视了参加足球运动的人身体本来就好的前提因素,只有B项能够直接反驳这一点。
89. 【解析】D
【解析】如果人们对能源价格的变动不敏感,市场就无法自动调节。
90. 【解析】C。我们发现提到第一盒一次,第五盒一次,又因为每盒都有一个人猜对,所以第一盒必然是红的,第五盒必然是紫的。根据甲说的话,第二盒就不是紫的,第三盒必然是黄的;根据丁说的,第三盒就不是蓝的,所以第四盒一定是白的。所以选C项。
第四部分 综合基础知识
91.【解析】C。提出这一物质定义的是列宁。
92. 【解析】A。资本的技术构成,是指生产资料和劳动力的比值,它是从资本的物质形态上来看的。
93. 【解析】B。党的十一届三中全会实现了伟大的历史性转折。邓小平同志在为这次全会作准备的中央工作会议上所作的《解放思想,实事求是,团结一致向前看》的著名讲话,实际上是十一届三中全会的主题报告,是开创我国社会主义事业发展新时期的宣言书。在此指导下,才有了拨乱反正,停止使用“以阶级斗争为纲”的口号和工作重点转到以经济建设为中心上来,以及改革开放政策的制定和实行。
94. 【解析】C。在中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会上的报告中提出了全面建设小康社会的目标是国内生产总值到2020年力争比2000年翻两番。
95. 【解析】A。行政法规的法律效率低于宪法、法律,高于一般地方性法规。行政法规是根据宪法、法律制定的,不得与宪法、法律相抵触,而一般地方性法规亦不得与行政法规相抵触,否则无效。
96. 【解析】D。在实施具体行政行为的主体不具有行政主体资格的情形下,应当由对该具体行政行为承担法律责任的行政主体作为被告。在行政委托关系中,应以委托机关为被告。
97. 【解析】D。《行政许可法》第42条规定:除可以当场作出行政许可决定的外,行政机关应当自受理行政许可申请之日起二十日内作出行政许可决定。二十日内不能作出决定的,经本行政机关负责人批准,可以延长十日,并应当将延长期限的理由告知申请人。但是,法律、法规另有规定的,依照其规定。
98. 【解析】A。《刑法》第81条规定:对累犯以及因杀人、爆炸、抢劫、强奸、绑架等暴力性犯罪被判处十年以上有期徒刑、无期徒刑的犯罪分子,不得假释。
99. 【解析】B。政府自我监督也就是行政内部监督,行政内部监督主要指行政监督和审计监督;行政外部监督主要是指立法监督、司法监督、政党监督。
100. 【解析】D。按照管理权限,对公务员考核的内容包括德、能、勤、绩、廉五个方面,重点考核工作实绩。
101. 【解析】C。公务员在受处分期间不得晋升职务和级别,其中受记过、记大过、降级、撤职处分的,不得晋升工资档次。
102. 【解析】A。1934年,康芒斯在《制度经济学》一书中提出了交易的范畴,他认为:使法律、经济学和伦理学有相互联系的单位,必须本身含有冲突、依存和秩序这三项原则,这个相互联系的单位便是交易,一次交易,是制度经济学的最小单位,交易不是实际交货那种意义的物品的交易,它们是个人与个人之间对物质的东西的未来所有权的让渡与取得,一切决定于社会集体的业务规则。
103. 【解析】B。C。
104. 【解析】B。北美自由贸易区由美国、加拿大和墨西哥三国组成,三国于1992年8月12日就《北美自由贸易协定》达成一致意见,并于同年12月17日由三国领导人分别在各自国家正式签署,1994年1月1日,协定正式生效。
105. 【解析】C。艾滋病病毒是一种能攻击人体免疫系统的病毒。它把人体免疫系统中最重要的T4淋巴细胞作为攻击目标,大量吞噬、破坏T4淋巴细胞,从而破坏人的免疫系统,最终使免疫系统崩溃,使人体因丧失对各种疾病的抵抗能力而发病并死亡。
106. 【解析】A。高山族,历史悠久,约有34万人,大多分布在中国台湾省的中部山区和东部纵谷平原,是岛内主要少数民族。壮族,是中国人口最多的少数民族,约有1500万余人,其中1300多万人聚居在广西壮族自治区,其余居住在相邻的云南、广东、贵州、湖南等地。苗族,约有740万人,分布较广,除主要聚居在贵州、云南、湖南西部外,在广西、四川、海南及湖北也有不少苗族聚居区。回族,共有860万余人,除主要聚居在宁夏回族自治区外,还分布在全国各地,信仰伊斯兰教。
107. 【解析】C。附件是指附属于公文正文的其它公文、图表、名单等材料。公文附件是公文正文内容的组成部分,应在正文下空1行,左边空2字标识“附件”,后面标全角冒号和名称,附件如有序号使用阿拉伯数字(例:附件:1.××××××)。附件名称后不加标点符号,也不需要加书名号。
108. 【解析】D。被誉为“现代奥林匹克之父”的是法国人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦,1896年至1925年任国际奥委会主席,他终生倡导奥林匹克精神。
109. 【解析】B。础润而雨的意思是柱子的基石润湿了,就是要下雨的征候。比喻见到一点迹象,就能知道它的发展方向。柱子的基石润湿了,应该是空气的湿度变大了。
110.【解析】C。附件是指附属于公文正文的其它公文、图表、名单等材料。公文附件是公文正文内容的组成部分,应在正文下空1行,左边空2字标识"附件",后面标全角冒号和名称,附件如有序号使用阿拉伯数字(例:附件:1.××××××)。附件名称后不加标点符号,也不需要加书名号。
第五部分 资格分析
(共20题,参考时限25分钟)
针对下列文字、图或表回答问题。你应根据资料提供的信息进行分析、比较、计算、处理。
请开始答题:
一、根据以下资料,回答111~115题。
2007年我国粮食种植面积10553万公顷,比上年增加70万公顷;棉花种植面积559万公顷,增加7万公顷;油料种植面积1094万公顷,减少60万公顷;糖料种植面积167万公顷,增加10万公顷。
全年粮食产量50150万吨,比上年增加350万吨,增产0.7%,其中:夏粮产量11534万吨,增产1.3%;早稻产量3196万吨,增产0.3%;秋粮产量35420万吨,增产0.6%。
2003~2007年全国粮食产量及其增长速度统计图
全年棉花产量760万吨,比上年增产1.3%。油料产量2461万吨,减产4.2%;糖料产量11110万吨,增产11.4%。烤烟产量239万吨,减产3.9%。茶叶产量114万吨,增产10.9%。
全年肉类总产量6800万吨,比上年减少3.5%。其中,猪肉减少9.2%;牛、羊肉分别增长6.1%和5.8%。全年水产品产量4737万吨,增长3.3%。全年木材产量6974万立方米,增长5.5%。
111.2002年我国的粮食产量约为:
A、45722万吨 B、44965万吨 C、44761吨 D、40709万吨
112.2007年我国粮食的平均亩产量约为(1公顷=15亩);
A.475公斤 B.416公斤 C.368公斤 D.317公斤
113.下列阴影部分最能体现2006年秋粮产量占当年粮食产量比重的是:
A. B. C. D.
114.能够从上述资料中推出的是:
A.2005年我国粮食的种植面积
B.2005年我国早稻的产量
C.2006年我国茶叶的产量
D.2006年我国猪肉的产量
115.以下说法中,正确的有:
Ⅰ.2003~2007年我国的粮食产量是逐年增长的
Ⅱ.2006年我国的棉花产量不足750万吨
Ⅲ.2006年我国的油料产量超过2500万吨
Ⅳ.2006年我国的水产品产量不足4500万吨
A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个
【参考答案与解析】
111.A。由图表数据可知,2003年的粮食产量是负增长,即2002年粮食产量=2003年粮食产量/[1+(-0.058)]=≈45722万吨。
112.D。由图表数据可知,2007年粮食平均亩产量=2007年粮食总产量/2007年粮食种植面积=50150÷(10553×15)≈317公斤。
113.C。由题数据可知,2006年秋粮产量占当年粮食产量比重=(2007年秋粮产量/1+0.006)/2006年粮总产量=35420÷(1.006×49800)≈0.71,即体现到圆的阴影部分为C。
114.C。2007年“茶叶产量114万吨,增产10.9%”,即可知2006年茶叶产量为114/1.109≈102.8万吨。A、C明显不能推出,而D因为未知2007年的具体猪肉产量,仅知“猪肉减少9.2%”也不能推出。
115.B。Ⅰ:直接可从图表的粮食产量增长图可以得出是正确的。Ⅱ:2006年棉花产量=760÷(1+0.013)≈750.2(万吨),即Ⅱ错。Ⅲ:2006年油产量=2461÷(1-0.042)≈2569(万吨),即Ⅲ正确。Ⅳ:2006年水产品产量=4737÷(1+0.033)≈4586(万吨),即Ⅳ错。
二、根据以下资料,回答116~120题。
2006年末,浙江省拥有人才资源数379.5万人,比2005年增长18.7%;每万人中拥有人才资源数达820人,比2005年增长18%,人才资源中拥有大专及以上学历人员204.3万人,比2005年增长26%;拥有高级技术职称人员13.7万人,比2005年增长23.9%。
2006年,浙江省各市、县(市、区)本级财政科技拨款为44.6亿元,比2005年增长31%;本级财政科技拨款占本级财政支出的比例达4.19%,比2005年提高0.42个百分点。财政科普活动经费拨款为6632万元,比2005年增长23.2%,人均科普活动经费达1.43元,比2005年提高0.25元。
2006年,全省全社会科技活动经费内部支出达407.8亿元,比2005年增长26.9%,科技活动经费内部支出占地区生产总值的比例达2.59%,比2005年提高0.2个百分点;其中,全社会研究与试验发展(R&D)经费支出224亿元,比2005年增长37.2%,R&D经费支出占地区生产总值的比例大1.42%,比2005年提高0.2个百分点。规模以上工业企业 技术开发经费支出328.1亿元,比2005年增长26.7%,企业就技术开发经费占产品销售收入的比例由2005年的1.14%提高到2006年的1.15%。企业消化吸收经费支出占引进国外技术经费支出的比例也由2005年的29%提高到2006年的46.7%。
116.2006年浙江省人才资源中拥有大专及以上学历人员约占全省人才资源总数的:
A.56.5% B.55.3% C.53.8% D.52.8%
117.2005年,浙江省各市、县(市、)区)本级财政科技拨款约为:
A.34.81亿元 B.34.63亿元 C.34.35亿元 D.34.05亿元
118.从上述资料可以推出2006年浙江省的地区生产总值约为:
A.1.64万亿 B.1.58万亿 C.1.41万亿 D.1.32万亿
119.2006年浙江省规模以上工业企业产品销售收入约为:
A.2.85万亿 B.2.98万亿 C.3.12万亿 D.3.18万亿
120.下列说法中,不正确的是:
A.2005年浙江省拥有人才资源数不足325万人
B.2006年浙江省拥有高级技术职称人员占全省人才资源总数的比例超过3%
C.2005年浙江省每万人口中有人才资源数超过685人
D.2005年浙江省全社会研究与试验发展(R&D)经费支出不足150亿元
【参考答案与解析】
116.C。06年拥有大专以上学历人员占全省人才资源总数=204.3÷379.5×100%≈53.8%。
117.D。05年浙江省各市、县(市、区)本级财政科技拨款=44.6÷(1+31%)≈34.05亿元。
118.B。2006年浙江省地区生产总值=06年全年科技活动经费内部支出/2.59%=407.8÷0.0259≈1.58(万亿)。
119.A。2006年浙江省规模以上工业产品销售收入=企业技术开发经费/1.15%=328.1÷0.0115≈2.85(万亿)。
120.D。2005年浙江省拥有人才资源数=379.5÷(1+18.7%)≈319.7万人,不足325万人,故A正确;2006年浙江省拥有高级技术职称人员占全省人才资源总数的比例=13.7÷379.5×100%≈3.6%,超过3%,故B正确;C直接可以从题干中得到为820人,超过685人,故C也正确。得出D不正确。2005年全社会研究与实验发展经费支出=224÷(1+37.2%)≈163.3。
三、根据以下材料,回答121~125题。
2008年1~6月浙江省城乡居民收支数据表
城镇居民收支(元) |
1~6月 |
同比±% |
人均可支配收入 |
12425 |
10.6 |
人均消费性支出 |
7618 |
10.0 |
食品 |
2861 |
15.2 |
衣着 |
848 |
8.7 |
居住 |
647 |
22.8 |
家庭设备用品服务 |
379 |
16.1 |
医疗保健 |
489 |
14.9 |
交通和通讯 |
1228 |
0.6 |
娱乐教育文化 |
902 |
|
其他商品和服务 |
264 |
14.1 |
农村居民收支(元) |
1~6月 |
同比±% |
农村居民人均现金收入 |
6100 |
13.6 |
人均消费性支出 |
3451 |
16.5 |
食品 |
1327 |
18.3 |
衣着 |
266 |
8.6 |
居住 |
697 |
48.5 |
家庭设备用品 |
185 |
16.0 |
交通和通讯 |
386 |
-3.2 |
文化教育娱乐 |
274 |
0.2 |
医疗保健 |
239 |
8.3 |
其他商品和服务 |
77 |
2.9 |
121.2008年1~6月,城镇居民8类人均消费性支出占人均消费性总支出的比重超出10%的有:
A.2个 B.3个 C.4个 D.5个
122.2007年1~6月,农村居民8类消费性支出中,第三高的是:
A.居住 B.交通和通讯
C.文化教育、娱乐 D.衣着
123.已知2007年1~6月,城镇居民用于“娱乐教育文化”的人均消费性支出为927元,则上表中“X”的值约为:
A.-2.7 B.2.7 C.-2.8 D.2.8
124.2007年1~6月,城镇居民人均可支配收入是农村居民人均现金收入的:
A.1.82倍 B.1.89倍 C.2.04倍 D.2.09倍
125.下列说法中,不正确的一项是:
A.2008年1~6月,城镇居民人均消费性支出比农村居民人均消费性支出的2倍还多
B.2007年1~6月,城镇居民用于“衣着”的人均消费性支出比农村居民用于“衣着”的人均消费性支出的3倍还多
C.2007年1~6月,农村居民用于“交通和通讯”及“医疗保健”的人均消费性支出之和不足600元
D.2008年1~6月,城镇居民和农村居民用于“食品”的人均消费性支出都超过各自人均消费性支出的三分之一
【参考答案与解析】
121.C。分别为食品×100%=37.6%,衣着×100%=11.1%,交通和通讯×100%=16.1%,娱乐教育文化×100%=11.8%。
122.B。第一高是食品=1121.7,第二高是居住=469.4,第三高是交通和通讯=398.8。
123.A。927×(1+)=902,既得=-2.7。
124.D。2007年城镇居民人均可支配收入为=11234元,2007年农村居民人均现金收入为=5370,即城镇居民人均可支配收入是农村居民人均现金收入的11234÷5370≈2.09倍。
125.C。城镇居民人均消费性支出/农村居民人均消费性支出=7618÷3451≈2.2,故A正确;07年城镇居民用于“衣着”的人均消费性支出≈780.1,农村居民用于“衣着”的人均消费性支出=≈244.9,即两者之比为780.1÷244.9≈3.2,故B正确;城镇居民用于食品的人均消费性支出/人均消费性支出=2861÷7618≈0.376,农村居民用于食品的人均消费性支出/人均消费性支出=1327÷3451≈0.385,都超过三分之一,故D也正确。07年农村居民“交通和通讯”人均消费性支出=398.8,“医疗保健”人均消费性支出=220.7,两者之和为619.5,超过了600,故C不正确。
四、据以下材料,回答126~130题。
我国某年度科学研究与试验发展经费支出分类示意图
126.按执行部门分,该年度我国企业部分的“科学研究与试验发展经费支出”约为:
A.567.6亿元 B.2135.2亿元 C.2075.1亿元 D.2353.2亿元
127.按经费来源分,该年度我国企业部分的“科学研究与试验发展经费支出”约比政府部分:
A.多44.4% B.少44.4% C.多1333.4亿元 D.多1567.6亿元
128.该年度我国高等学校用于应用研究部分的“科学研究与试验发展经费支出”约为:
A.95.6亿元 B.137.0元 C.196.4亿元 D.1489.5亿元
129.该年度我国研究机构用了基础研究部分的“科学研究与试验发展经费支出”约为企业用于应用研究部分的:
A.1.6倍 B.1/30 C.13% D.42%
130.该年度我国企业的“科学研究与试验发展经费支出”中,用于应用研究的约比用于基础研究的多:
A.149.5亿元 B.210.2亿元 C.135.6亿元 D.242.1亿元
【参考答案与解析】
126.B。由图表可知,企业部分的“科学研究与实验发展经费支出”=3003.1×71.1%≈2135.2亿元。
127.C。企业部分的“科学研究与实验发展经费支出”比政府部分3003.1×(69.1%-24.7%)=1333.4亿元,多1333.4亿元。
128.B。3003.1×9.2%×49.6%≈137亿元。
129.D。≈0.42。
130.A。3003.1×71.1%×(7.6%-0.6%)≈149.5亿元。