西方商务文化 Western Business Culture-I
In the West, most companies have well-established and identifiable lines of organization. Larger companies have a clear division of corporate and field roles. Responsibility for all activities is well-established according to function.
在西方, 大多数公司都已形成自己的明确的组织体系。较大的公司对于公司总部和总部以外的业务活动也有清晰的划分。根据不同的`职能明确各项职责。
Basically all employees at medium to large-sized Western companies have an official, documented job description. Titles are usually indicative of rank and status. Titles are normally used to describe various positions, but are not used when addressing the person.
在西方的大中型公司，基本上所有的雇员都有一个正式的工作描述档案。头衔通常表示级别和身份。头衔通常用于描述各种职位，但不用来称呼人。
Basically, all Western employees are covered by an employee contract, from a hamburger flipper to the CEO of a major corporation. All employee contracts are enforceable by law, and both employees and employers can be held liable for any unauthorized violation of a contract. The terms and conditions can vary widely from one company to another, from one profession to another, and from one position to another.
在西方，基本上所有的雇员都受劳动合同的保护，从卖汉堡的到大公司的首席执行官。所有劳动合同都受法律保护，雇员和雇主都要为违反劳动合同的行为负责。合同的条款和规定可以因公司的不同、职业的不同、 职位高低的不同而有所差别。
In the West, clear delineation and classification of job responsibilities are instrumental in creating a strong company culture. Everybody is accountable, from the head of the company down to the lowest-level employee. This approach creates a sense of direction, generates staff cohesion, and enhances morale.
在西方，明确工作性质和工作职责是营造浓厚的、良好的企业文化的基础。从最高层的领导到最低层的员工，人人树立责任感。这利于全体员工明确方向，增强员工凝聚力，并鼓舞士气。
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