职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意

时间：2024-12-07 20:14:49 俊豪职称英语我要投稿

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　　在社会的各个领域，我们都不可避免地会接触到考试真题，考试真题是命题者按照一定的考核目的编写出来的。什么样的考试真题才能有效帮助到我们呢？以下是小编整理的职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意，欢迎阅读与收藏。

职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意

　　职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意 1

　　第一部分：词汇选项

　　下面共有 15 个句子，每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

　　1. She was astonished to hear the news of her friends sudden death.

　　A. amused

　　B. shocked

　　C. relieved

　　D. excited

　　答案：B。astonished 和 shocked 都有“震惊”的意思，amused 是“逗乐的”，relieved 是“宽慰的”，excited 是“兴奋的”。

　　2. The doctor prescribed some pills for my headache.

　　A. ordered

　　B. advised

　　C. recommended

　　D. dispensed

　　答案：C。prescribe 和 recommend 在医疗语境中都有“开处方、建议用药”的意思；order 侧重于“命令”；advise 更宽泛指“建议”，不一定和用药直接关联；dispense 是“分发、调配”，这里语义不如 recommend 契合。

　　3. His illness diminished his strength gradually.

　　A. increased

　　B. reduced

　　C. maintained

　　D. recovered

　　答案：B。diminish 意为“减少、降低”，和 reduce 同义；increased 是“增加”；maintained 是“维持”；recovered 是“恢复”。

　　4. The nurses in the hospital are very compassionate.

　　A. sympathetic

　　B. indifferent

　　C. cruel

　　D. cold

　　答案：A。compassionate 表示“富有同情心的”，sympathetic 也是“同情的、有同情心的”；indifferent 是“冷漠的”；cruel 是“残忍的”；cold 是“冷淡的”。

　　5. We should endeavor to improve our living environment.

　　A. attempt

　　B. decide

　　C. refuse

　　D. pretend

　　答案：A。endeavor 意思是“努力、尽力”，attempt 有“尝试、企图”之意，在此处可表示努力去做某事；decide 是“决定”；refuse 是“拒绝”；pretend 是“假装”。

　　第二部分：阅读判断

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。

　　Sleep and Health

　　Getting enough sleep is crucial for maintaining good health. Studies have shown that people who regularly get less than seven hours of sleep per night are at a higher risk of developing various health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity.

　　During sleep, our body undergoes essential repair and restoration processes. The immune system gets a boost, helping us fight off infections more effectively. Hormones are regulated, which is vital for maintaining a balanced metabolism.

　　However, in modern society, many factors disrupt our sleep patterns. Long working hours, excessive use of electronic devices before bed, and high stress levels all contribute to poor sleep quality. Some people even rely on sleeping pills to fall asleep, which may have potential side effects in the long run.

　　1. People who sleep less than seven hours a night are certain to get heart disease.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：B。原文说的是“at a higher risk”（更高风险），并非“certain to”（一定会），所以说法错误。

　　2. Sleep helps regulate hormones and improve metabolism.

　　A. Right

　　B. Wrong

　　C. Not mentioned

　　答案：A。文中明确提及“Hormones are regulated, which is vital for maintaining a balanced metabolism.”，说明睡眠有助于调节激素、改善新陈代谢，该句正确。

　　第三部分：概括大意与完成句子

　　阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1) 第 1 - 4 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 2 - 5 段每段选择 1 个最佳标题；(2) 第 5 - 8 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个选项完成每个句子。

　　Vaccination: A Lifesaver

　　(1) Vaccination is one of the greatest medical achievements of the modern era. It has saved countless lives and eradicated or controlled many deadly diseases.

　　(2) The concept of vaccination dates back to ancient times when people noticed that those who survived certain mild diseases were immune to more severe forms later. Edward Jenner is credited with developing the first modern vaccine in 1796 against smallpox.

　　(3) Vaccines work by introducing a weakened or killed form of a pathogen into the body. This triggers the immune system to produce antibodies, which will recognize and fight the actual pathogen if it ever enters the body in the future.

　　(4) There are various types of vaccines available today, including live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, and more. Each has its own advantages and is used depending on the specific disease and target population.

　　(5) Despite the proven benefits, some people are hesitant about getting vaccinated due to misinformation or unfounded fears. Its crucial to educate the public about the safety and importance of vaccines to ensure high vaccination rates and herd immunity.

　　1. Paragraph 2: ______

　　A. The Working Mechanism of Vaccines

　　B. The Origin of Vaccination

　　C. Different Types of Vaccines

　　D. The Importance of Vaccination

　　E. Hesitation towards Vaccination

　　F. Vaccine Safety

　　答案：B。该段主要讲述疫苗概念可追溯到古代，还提及爱德华·詹纳研发首个现代疫苗，核心是讲疫苗的起源。

　　2. Paragraph 3: ______

　　答案：A。此段详细说明了疫苗是如何通过让病原体进入人体，刺激免疫系统产生抗体来发挥作用的，讲的是疫苗工作机制。

　　3. People who hesitate to get vaccinated may be influenced by ______.

　　A. herd immunity

　　B. misinformation

　　C. the immune system

　　D. antibodies

　　E. the origin of vaccines

　　F. different vaccine types

　　答案：B。文中明确指出“some people are hesitant about getting vaccinated due to misinformation or unfounded fears”，所以是受错误信息影响。

　　4. The first modern vaccine was developed against ______.

　　A. influenza

　　B. polio

　　C. smallpox

　　D. measles

　　E. hepatitis

　　F. mumps

　　答案：C。原文提到“Edward Jenner is credited with developing the first modern vaccine in 1796 against smallpox.”。

　　第四部分：阅读理解

　　阅读下面三篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

　　第一篇：The Benefits of Exercise for Mental Health

　　Regular physical exercise is not only beneficial for our physical condition but also plays a crucial role in maintaining mental health. Many people are aware of the fact that exercise helps in weight control and building muscle strength, but its impact on mental well-being is often overlooked.

　　Studies have shown that exercise stimulates the release of endorphins, also known as “feel-good” hormones. These chemicals can improve our mood, reduce stress, and relieve symptoms of anxiety and depression. For those suffering from mild to moderate depression, exercise can be an effective adjunct treatment, sometimes even reducing the need for antidepressant medications.

　　Exercise also enhances cognitive function. It improves blood circulation to the brain, which provides more oxygen and nutrients. This helps in better memory retention, increased attention span, and faster information processing. Elderly individuals who engage in regular exercise are less likely to develop dementia or Alzheimers disease.

　　In addition, exercise offers a social aspect. Joining a sports club, fitness class, or exercise group allows people to interact with others, build friendships, and gain social support. This social connection is vital for mental health, as loneliness and social isolation are major contributors to psychological problems.

　　1. The main idea of this passage is that exercise ______.

　　A. is only good for physical health

　　B. has multiple benefits for mental health

　　C. can completely cure mental illnesses

　　D. is not necessary for the elderly

　　答案：B。文章开篇点明“Regular physical exercise is not only beneficial for our physical condition but also plays a crucial role in maintaining mental health.”，后文围绕运动对心理健康多方面益处展开，所以选 B。

　　2. Endorphins released by exercise can ______.

　　A. make people feel tired

　　B. increase stress levels

　　C. improve mood

　　D. cause memory loss

　　答案：C。文中提到“exercise stimulates the release of endorphins... These chemicals can improve our mood”，说明内啡肽能改善情绪。

　　3. For people with mild depression, exercise can ______.

　　A. replace all medications

　　B. be a helpful addition to treatment

　　C. have no effect at all

　　D. worsen their condition

　　答案：B。原文指出“For those suffering from mild to moderate depression, exercise can be an effective adjunct treatment”，adjunct 表示辅助的，即运动是治疗的有益补充。

　　第二篇、第三篇（略，按同样思路出题与解析）

　　第五部分：补全短文

　　阅读下面的`短文，文章中有 5 处空白，文章后面有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自文章，请根据文章内容将其分别放回原有位置，使文章意思通顺、结构完整。

　　How to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Infections

　　Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a serious concern in the healthcare industry. They not only prolong patients hospital stays but also increase mortality rates and healthcare costs. (1) ______

　　Firstly, strict hand hygiene is essential. Healthcare workers should wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water or use alcohol-based hand sanitizers before and after touching each patient. (2) ______

　　Secondly, proper sterilization and disinfection of medical equipment are crucial. All reusable instruments must go through rigorous cleaning and sterilization processes to kill any potential pathogens. (3) ______

　　Another important measure is to manage the use of antibiotics carefully. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics can lead to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, which are much harder to treat. (4) ______

　　Moreover, hospitals should maintain a clean and well-ventilated environment. Regular cleaning of patient rooms, hallways, and common areas helps reduce the spread of germs. (5) ______

　　A. This simple step can prevent the transmission of numerous infections.

　　B. However, there are several effective ways to prevent HAIs.

　　C. Ventilation systems should be checked and maintained regularly.

　　D. Patients also need to be educated about the proper use of antibiotics.

　　E. Single-use equipment should be disposed of properly to avoid cross-contamination.

　　F. Its also vital to ensure proper waste disposal within the hospital.

　　答案：

　　1. B。前文讲医院获得性感染的严重性，此处用“However”转折，引出下文预防的方法，起承上启下作用。

　　2. A。说的是医护人员洗手消毒的措施，“This simple step”指代洗手这一行为，表明其能防感染。

　　3. E。讲医疗设备消毒，提到可重复使用设备处理，接着说一次性设备也要妥善处理，逻辑连贯。

　　4. D。前面说管控抗生素使用，此处讲也要教育患者正确用抗生素，主体对象衔接合理。

　　5. C。围绕医院环境维护，提及通风系统定期检查维护，契合“well-ventilated environment”语境。

　　第六部分：完形填空

　　阅读下面的短文，文中有 10 处空白，每处空白给出了 4 个选项，请根据短文的内容从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。

　　Nutrition and Health

　　Good nutrition is the foundation of good health. What we eat directly (1) ______ our bodys functions and overall well-being. A balanced diet should include a variety of foods from all the major food groups: grains, fruits, vegetables, proteins, and dairy.

　　Carbohydrates from grains provide energy for daily activities. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which are essential for maintaining a healthy immune system and digestive tract. (2) ______, they are low in calories and can help with weight management.

　　Proteins are crucial for building and repairing tissues, such as muscles, bones, and skin. Good sources of protein include lean meats, fish, beans, and nuts. Dairy products supply calcium, which is necessary for strong bones and teeth. (3) ______, not all dairy products are equally healthy; low-fat or fat-free options are often recommended.

　　However, in todays fast-paced society, many people have poor eating habits. They rely too much on processed and junk foods that are high in sugar, salt, and unhealthy fats. These foods can lead to obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and other health problems. (4) ______ to improve nutrition is to cook more meals at home using fresh ingredients. This gives you control over what goes into your food and allows you to make healthier choices.

　　Another tip is to read food labels carefully. Understanding the nutritional content of packaged foods helps you avoid those with excessive amounts of harmful substances. (5) ______, portion control is vital. Even healthy foods can cause weight gain if eaten in large quantities.

　　1. A. affects

　　B. effects

　　C. infects

　　D. reflects

　　答案：A。此处需要动词，“affect”是“影响”的意思，饮食影响身体机能；“effects”是名词形式；“infects”是“感染”；“reflects”是“反映”，不符合语义。

　　2. A. Additionally

　　B. However

　　C. Therefore

　　D. Otherwise

　　答案：A。前面讲果蔬益处，此处进一步说其热量低利于体重管理，是递进关系，用 Additionally。

　　3. A. Although

　　B. Because

　　C. Since

　　D. But

　　答案：D。前文说乳制品好，后文说不是所有都健康，是转折关系，用 But。

　　4. A. One way

　　B. The way

　　C. Some ways

　　D. Any way

　　答案：A。后文“is”表明主语是单数，“One way”表示“一种方法”，契合语法与语义。

　　5. A. Instead

　　B. Finally

　　C. Also

　　D. Already

　　答案：B。此处是列举最后一条建议，用 Finally 表示顺序上的最后。

　　职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意 2

　　词汇选项

　　在下面各句后的括号里，为划线部分单词选择一个意义最相近的选项。

　　1. The doctor prescribed some pills to relieve my headache.（）

　　A. ordered B. advised C. suggested D. recommended

　　答案：A。prescribe意为“开处方、命令”，order有“命令；指示”的意思，在此语境中最为贴近。

　　2. Her symptoms have diminished after taking the medicine.（）

　　A. disappeared B. reduced C. developed D. worsened

　　答案：B。diminish意思是“减少，降低”，reduce同样表示“减少”，符合语义。

　　阅读判断

　　阅读下面这篇短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误，正确填“T”，错误填“F”。

　　Regular Exercise Benefits for Heart Health

　　Regular physical exercise is crucial for maintaining heart health. It helps to control body weight, lower blood pressure, and improve cholesterol levels. People who exercise regularly have a significantly reduced risk of developing heart diseases compared to those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. Even moderate activities like brisk walking for 30 minutes a day can bring remarkable benefits.

　　Moreover, exercise strengthens the heart muscle, allowing it to pump blood more efficiently throughout the body. It also aids in reducing stress levels, which is another contributing factor to heart problems.

　　1. Regular exercise can only control body weight. （）

　　答案：F。文中提到运动不仅能控制体重，还能降血压、改善胆固醇水平等诸多好处，并非只有控制体重这一个作用。

　　概括大意与完成句子

　　阅读下面短文，完成概括大意和完成句子的任务：

　　The Role of Vaccines in Preventing Diseases

　　Vaccines have revolutionized public health over the past century. They work by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce antibodies against specific diseases, without actually causing the illness. This “immune memory” enables the body to respond quickly and effectively if it ever encounters the real pathogen.

　　One of the most significant achievements of vaccines is the eradication of smallpox. Through global vaccination campaigns, this deadly disease was wiped out, saving countless lives. Today, vaccines are available for numerous infectious diseases, such as measles, polio, and influenza.

　　1. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about _____.

　　A. the history of vaccines

　　B. how vaccines work

　　C. the types of vaccines

　　答案：B。第一段重点阐释疫苗是通过刺激免疫系统产生抗体来起效的，讲的是疫苗的工作原理。

　　阅读理解

　　阅读下面的短文，从每个问题后的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。

　　The Impact of a Healthy Diet on Chronic Diseases

　　A healthy diet plays a fundamental role in preventing chronic diseases. It provides essential nutrients that our bodies need to function properly and maintain optimal health. Fruits and vegetables, for example, are rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which can help lower the risk of cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.

　　Whole grains are another crucial component of a healthy diet. They contain complex carbohydrates that release energy slowly, keeping blood sugar levels stable. In contrast, a diet high in refined sugars and saturated fats is associated with an increased risk of obesity, hypertension, and other health issues.

　　1. What can fruits and vegetables do according to the text?

　　A. Cure chronic diseases directly.

　　B. Provide energy quickly.

　　C. Reduce the risk of some diseases.

　　D. Increase blood sugar levels.

　　答案：C。原文明确指出“Fruits and vegetables... can help lower the risk of cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.”，说明蔬果能降低一些疾病的发病风险。

　　补全短文

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的 A - F 六个选项中，选择五个合适的.选项补全短文，使短文意思完整。

　　Sleep and Health

　　Sleep is an essential part of our daily lives, yet many people don’t get enough of it. ____(1)____. Lack of sleep can lead to a variety of health problems, including fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.

　　Studies have shown that adults need 7 - 9 hours of sleep per night for optimal health. ____(2)____. Children and teenagers require even more sleep to support their growth and development.

　　A. It affects our physical and mental well-being

　　B. Some people can function well with just 5 hours of sleep

　　C. However, modern lifestyles often disrupt our sleep patterns

　　D. Sleeping pills are the best solution for sleep problems

　　E. Good sleep quality is also important

　　F. Newborns may need up to 17 hours of sleep a day

　　答案：(1) A；此处承接前文讲睡眠重要，又引出缺觉的危害，说明睡眠关乎身心健康。

　　(2) C；前面说成年人理想睡眠时长，后面讲孩子青少年需求，中间用 C 转折，点明现代生活打乱睡眠规律，衔接自然。

　　完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案，使文章完整通顺。

　　The Importance of Hand Hygiene in Healthcare

　　Hand hygiene is one of the simplest yet most effective ways to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Doctors, nurses, and other medical staff ____(1)____ wash their hands thoroughly before and after patient contact. This practice can significantly ____(2)____ the transmission of harmful bacteria and viruses.

　　1. A. must B. may C. can D. should

　　答案：A。医护人员接触病患前后“必须”洗手，must 表必要性、强制性，契合语境。

　　2. A. increase B. promote C. reduce D. cause

　　答案：C。洗手是为了减少细菌病毒传播，reduce有“减少”之意，符合文意。

　　职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案概括大意 3

　　第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)

　　下面的'短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

　　Understanding Dyslexia

　　1 Dyslexia (诵读困难)is a type of learning disability. A person with a learning disability has trouble processing words or numbers. There are several kinds of learning disabilities; dyslexia is the term used when people have difficulty learning to read，even though they are smart enough and want to learn. Dyslexia is not a disease. If s a condition that you are bom with, and it often runs in families.

　　2 Research has shown that dyslexia happens because of the way the brain processes information. Pictures of the brain, taken with modem imaging tools，have shown that when people with dyslexia read, they use different parts of the brain than people without dyslexia. These pictures also show that the brains of people with dyslexia dont work efficiently during reading. So that’s why reading seems like such slow， hard work.

　　3 If you have dyslexia, you might have trouble reading even simple words youve seen many times. You probably will read slowly and feel that you have to work extra hard when reading. You might mix up the letters in a word, for example，reading the word "now" as "won” or "left" as "felt." Words may blend(混合)together and spaces are lost. You might have trouble remembering what youve read. You may remember more easily when the same information is read to you or heard on tape.

　　4 Although dealing with dyslexia can be tough, help is available. Under federal law, someone diagnosed with a learning disability like dyslexia is entitled to extra help from the public school system. A child or teenager with dyslexia usually needs to work with a specially trained teacher, tutor, or reading specialist to learn how to read and spell better.

　　23. Paragraph 1

　　24. Paragraph 2

　　25. Paragraph 3

　　26. Paragraph 4

　　A. What is it like to have dslexia?

　　B. What job can people with dyslexia do?

　　C. How common is dyslexia?

　　D. What causes dyslexia?

　　E. How can we deal with dyslexia?

　　F. What is dyslexia?

　　27. Individuals with dyslexia find it hard to

　　28. When people with dyslexia read, their brains