《指鹿为马》
In Qin dynasty, there was a powerful and evil counselor named Zhao Gao。在秦朝，有个很得势的奸臣叫赵高。
Zhao Gao wanted to rebel, but he didn't know how many people in the court would stand by his side。赵高想造反，但是又不知道群臣中有多少人会支持他。
So he worked out a way to test the people。于是他想了个办法来测试。
He presented a deer as a tribute to the emperor in front of the court, and said that it was a swift horse。他在群臣面前送了一头鹿给皇上，并说这是一匹千里马。
The emperor not accepting his statement said, "This is obviously a deer."皇上不信，说“这明明是鹿啊。”
Then, Zhao Gao took this opportunity to ask the court, "Is this a deer or a horse?"然后赵高借机问各位大臣，“这是鹿还是马?”
In the court, those who didn't dare to go against Zhao Gao agreed with him and said that it was a horse, those who dared to go against Zhao Gao said that it was a deer。在大臣中，不敢反抗赵高的都赞同说是马，敢于反对赵高的说是鹿。
Later, Zhao Gao remembered the counselors who didn't agree with him and persecuted them to solidify his power。后来，赵高记住了这些反对他的人并加以迫害，以巩固自己的势力。
This story is still popular even today. People use this idiom to describe someone who calls white black。这个故事流传至今，人们用这个成语来形容一个人颠倒黑白。
【文化链接】
英语中表达“指鹿为马”意思的短语可以用“call black white (and white black)”，意思也就是“把黑的当白的，把白的当作黑的”，这样也就是颠倒是非啦~
《山羊与牧羊人》
A GOATHERD had sought to bring back a stray goat to his flock. He whistled and sounded his horn in vain; the straggler paid no attention to the summons. At last the Goatherd threw a stone， and breaking its horn， begged the Goat not to tell his master. The Goat replied， "Why， you silly fellow， the horn will speak though I be silent." Do not attempt to hide things which cannot be hid. 【译文】 很多山羊被牧羊人赶到羊圈里。有一只山羊不知在吃什么好东西，单独落在后面。牧羊人拿起一块石头扔了过去，正巧打断了山羊的一只角。牧羊人吓得请求山羊不要告诉主人，山羊说：“即使我不说，又怎能隐瞒下去呢?我的角已断了，这是十分明显的事实。” 这故事说明，明显的罪状是无法隐瞒的。
英语小知识
一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能：
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
注意：(我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。)
行为动词：
主语+行为动词(+其它)
如：We study English.我们学习英语。
注意：(当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。)