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2015年12月四级仔细阅读参考答案
2015年12月19日全国大学英语四级考试听力部分已结束，本次考试为多题多卷，以下为四级选词填空参考答案：
Everybody sleeps—so goes the Sesame Street song meant for obstinately awake children。 That may be true， but what people stay up late to catch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies by culture。
Around the world， people changed sleep patterns thanks to the start or end of daylight savings time。 Russians， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day after President Vladimir Putin shifted the country permanently to “winter time” starting on October 26。
Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays。 One such spike was on New Year’s Eve， which Russians tend to ring in with unusual fervor， as well as on World War II Victory Day。 According to another Jawbone finding， Russians have the world‘s latest bedtime on December 31， hitting the hay at around 3：30 a.m。
Russians also got up an hour later on International Women’s Day， the day for coddling and celebrating female relatives。
Similarly， Americans’ late nights， late mornings， and longest sleeps coincided with three-day weekends。
Canada got the least sleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockey final。
The World Cup was also a major sleep-deprivation culprit。 The worst night for sleep in the U.K。 was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14。 Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it， and then they woke up earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights， the phenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries in the summertime。 That was nothing， though， compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup。
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations， it’s likely that only the richest people do。 And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person。 Even if that’s the case， though， the above findings are still striking。 If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year， how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
参考答案及解析
61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies by culture”，所以答案选A——They are culture-related。
62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day”这一句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much on holidays。
63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’ loss定位到倒数第二段的“compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup”，原文的Germans， Italians， and the French就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch the Cup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。
64题，问的是富有的人使用设备来记录他们的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其原因。按照四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person”，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——They want to get sufficient sleep。
65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的观点，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year， how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人们对健康的意识是缺乏的，对健康是视而不见的，所以答案选B——Few people really know the importance of sleep。
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