- 相关推荐
外文参考文献格式要求
参考文献的引用是一次严谨的科研探索，所以在论文引用过程中需要注意其格式问题，下面是小编搜集整理的外文参考文献格式要求，供大家阅读借鉴！
| 【1】外文参考文献格式要求 | 【4】外文参考文献书写技巧 |
| 【2】外文参考文献类型 | 【5】本科毕业论文外文参考文献 |
| 【3】外文参考文献的使用 | 【6】硕士毕业论文外文参考文献 |
外文参考文献格式要求
期刊作者.题名[J].刊名，出版年，卷(期)：起止页码
Journal author. Title [J]. Journal title, year of publication, volume (issue): start and end page numbers
专著作者.书名[M].版本(第一版不著录).出版地：出版者，出版年.起止页码
Monograph author. Title [M]. Version (first edition not included). Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication. Start and end page numbers
论文集作者.题名[C].编者.论文集名.出版地：出版者，出版年.
Author of the collection of papers. Title [C]. Editor. Collection name. Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication
起止页码
Starting and ending page numbers
学位论文作者.题名[D].保存地点：保存单位，年份
Thesis author. Title [D]. Storage location: Storage unit, year
专利文献题名[P].国别，专利文献种类，专利号.出版日期
Title of Patent Literature [P]. Country, Type of Patent Literature, Patent Number, Publication Date
标准标准编号，标准名称[S]
Standard standard number, standard name [S]
报纸作者.题名[N].报纸名，出版日期(版次)
Newspaper author. Title [N]. Newspaper name, publication date (edition)
报告作者.题名[R].保存地点：年份
Report author. Title [R]. Storage location: Year
电子文献作者.题名[电子文献及载体类型标识].文献出处，日期
Author of electronic literature. Title [Identification of electronic literature and carrier types]. Source and date of the literature
文献类型及其标识
Literature types and their identification
根据GB3469 规定
According to GB3469 regulations
①期刊[J]
① Journal [J]
②专著[M]
② Monograph [M]
③论文集[C]
③ Collected Papers [C]
④学位论文[D]
④ Thesis [D]
⑤专利[P]
⑤ Patent [P]
⑥标准[S]
⑥ Standard [S]
⑦报纸[N]
⑦ Newspaper [N]
⑧技术报告[R]
⑧ Technical report [R]
电子文献载体类型用双字母标识，例如：
The type of electronic literature carrier is identified by two letters, for example:
外文参考文献的格式外文参考文献的格式①磁带[MT]
Format of Foreign References ① Magnetic Tape [MT]
②磁盘[DK]
② Disk [DK]
③光盘[CD]
③ CD
④联机网络[OL]
④ Online network [OL]
①联机网上数据库[DB/OL]
① Online Database [DB/OL]
②磁带数据库[DB/MT]
② Magnetic tape database [DB/MT]
③光盘图书[M/CD]
③ CD book [M/CD]
④磁盘软件[CP/DK]
④ Disk software [CP/DK]
⑤网上期刊[J/OL]
⑤ Online Journal [J/OL]
⑥网上电子公告[EB/OL]
⑥ Online Electronic Announcement [EB/OL]
期刊论文
Journal articles
[1]周庆荣，张泽廷，朱美文，等.固体溶质在含夹带剂超临界流体中的溶解度[J].化工学报，1995，46(3)：317 323
[1] Zhou Qingrong, Zhang Zeting, Zhu Meiwen, et al. Solubility of solid solutes in supercritical fluids containing entrainers [J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1995, 46 (3): 317 323
[2]Dobbs J M, Wong J M. Modification of supercritical fluid phasebehavior using polor coselvent[J]. Ind Eng Chem Res, 1987,26:56
[2] Dobbs J M, Wong J M. Modification of supercritical fluid phase behavior using polar coselvent [J] Ind Eng Chem Res, 1987, 26:56
[3]刘仲能，金文清.合成医药中间体4-甲基咪唑的研究[J].精细化工，(2)：103-105
[3] Liu Zhongneng, Jin Wenqing. Research on the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediate 4-methylimidazole [J]. Fine Chemicals, (2): 103-105
[ 4 ] Mesquita A C, Mori M N, Vieira J M, et al . Vinyl acetatepolymerization by ionizing radiation[J].Radiation Physics and Chemistry,2002, 63:465
[4] Mesquita A C, Mori M N, Vieira J M, et al Vinyl acetate polymerization by ionizing radiation [J] Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2002, 63:465
专著
Monograph
[1]蒋挺大.亮聚糖[M].北京：化学工业出版社，2001.127
[1] Jiang Tingda. Leucosan [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2001.127
[2]Kortun G. Reflectance Spectroscopy[M]. New York: Spring-Verlag,1969
[2] Kortun G. Reflection Spectroscopy [M] New York: Spring Verlag, 1969
论文集
Collected Papers
[1]郭宏，王熊，刘宗林.膜分离技术在大豆分离蛋白生产中综合利用的
[1] Guo Hong, Wang Xiong, Liu Zonglin. Comprehensive utilization of membrane separation technology in the production of soy protein isolate
研究[C].余立新.第三届全国膜和膜过程学术报告会议论文集.北京：高教出版社，1999.421-425
Research [C]. Yu Lixin. Proceedings of the 3rd National Academic Conference on Membrane and Membrane Processes. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1999.421-425
[2]Eiben A E, vander Hauw J K.Solving 3-SAT with adaptive geneticalgorithms [C].Proc 4th IEEE ConfEvolutionary Computation.Piscataway:
[2] Eiben A E, vander Hauw J K. Solving 3-SAT with adaptive genetic algorithms [C] Proc 4th IEEE ConfEvolutionary Computing Piscataway:
IEEE Press, 1997.81-86
IEEE Press, 1997.81-86
学位论文
Thesis
[1]陈金梅.氟石膏生产早强快硬水泥的试验研究(D).西安：西安建筑科学大学，2000
[1] Chen Jinmei. Experimental study on the production of early strength and fast hardening cement using fluorogypsum (D). Xian: Xian University of Architecture, 2000
[2] Chrisstoffels L A J . Carrier-facilitated transport as amechanistic tool in supramolecular chemistry[D].The Netherland：TwenteUniversity.1988
[2] Christoffels L A J Carrier facilitated transport as amechanistic tool in supramolecular chemistry [D] The Netherlands: TwenteUniversity.1988
专利文献
Patent literature
[1]Hasegawa, Toshiyuki, Yoshida,et al.Paper Coating composition[P].EP 0634524.1995-01-18
[1] Hasegawa, Toshiyuki, Yoshida, et al. Paper Coating Composition [P] EP 0634524.1995-01-18
[2] 仲前昌夫， 佐藤寿昭. 感光性树脂[ P ]. 日本， 特开平
[2] Masao Nakamoto and Shouzhao Sato Photosensitive resin [P] Japan, Tekaiping
[3]Yamaguchi K, Hayashi A. Plant growth promotor and productionthereof [P].Jpn, Jp1290606.1999-11-22
[3] Yamaguchi K, Hayashi A. Plant growth motor and productionthereof [P] Jpn, Jp1290606.1999-11-22
[4]厦门大学.二烷氨基乙醇羧酸酯的'制备方法[P].中国发明专利，CN1073429.1993-06-23
[4] Xiamen University. Preparation method of diethylaminoethanol carboxylate [P]. Chinese invention patent, CN1073429.1993-06-23
技术标准文献
Technical standard literature
[1]ISO 1210-1982，塑料 小试样接触火焰法测定塑料燃烧性[S]
[1] ISO 1210-1982, Determination of the flammability of plastics by contact flame method on small plastic specimens [S]
[2]GB 2410-80，透明塑料透光率及雾度实验方法[S]
[2] GB 2410-80, Test methods for transparency and haze of transparent plastics [S]
报纸
Newspapers
[1]陈志平.减灾设计研究新动态[N].科技日报，1997-12-12(5)
[1] Chen Zhiping. New Trends in Disaster Reduction Design Research [N]. Science and Technology Daily, 1997-12-12 (5)
报告
Report
[1]中国机械工程学会.密相气力输送技术[R].北京：1996
[1] Chinese Society of Mechanical Engineering. Dense phase pneumatic conveying technology [R]. Beijing: 1996
电子文献
Electronic literature
[1]万锦柔.中国大学学报论文文摘(1983-1993)[DB/CD].北京：中国百科全书出版社，1996
[1] Wan Jinrou. Abstracts of Chinese University Journal (1983-1993) [DB/CD]. Beijing: China Encyclopedia Press, 1996
A.连续出版物
A. Continuous publications
〔序号〕 主要责任者.文献题名〔J〕.刊名，出版年份，卷号(期号)：起止页码.
[Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [J]. Publication Name, Year of Publication, Volume Number (Issue Number): Start and End Page Numbers
〔1〕 袁庆龙，候文义.Ni-P合金镀层组织形貌及显微硬度研究〔J〕.太原理工大学学报，2001，32(1)：51-53.
〔1〕 Yuan Qinglong, Hou Wenyi Study on the microstructure and microhardness of Ni-P alloy coatings [J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 2001, 32 (1): 51-53
B.专著
B. Monograph
〔序号〕 主要责任者.文献题名〔M〕.出版地：出版者，出版年：页码.
[Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [M]. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication: Page Number
〔3〕 刘国钧，郑如斯.中国书的故事〔M〕.北京：中国青年出版社，1979：115.
〔3〕 Liu Guojun, Zheng Rusi. The Story of Chinese Books [M]. Beijing: China Youth Publishing House, 1979:115
C.会议论文集
C. Conference proceedings
〔序号〕 析出责任者.析出题名.见(英文用In)：主编.论文集名.(供选择项：会议名，会址，开会年)出版地：出版者，出版年：起止页码.
[Number] Responsible person for precipitation. Title of precipitation. See (in English): Editor in chief. Title of the collection of papers (Options: Conference Name, Conference Address, Conference Year) Publication Location: Publisher, Publication Year: Start and End Page Numbers
〔6〕孙品一.高校学报编辑工作现代化特征〔A〕.见：中国高等学校自然科学学报研究会.科技编辑学论文集(2).北京：北京师范大学出版社，1998：10-22.
〔6〕 Sun Pinyi. Modern Characteristics of Editorial Work in Higher Education Journals [A]. See: China Association of Natural Science Journals in Higher Education Institutions. Collected Papers on Science and Technology Editing (2). Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press, 1998:10-22
D.专著中析出的文献
D. Literature extracted from monographs
〔序号〕 析出责任者.析出题名.见(英文用In)：专著责任者.书名.出版地：出版者，出版年：起止页码.
[Number] Author responsible for the publication. Title of the publication. In: Author responsible for the monograph. Title of the book. Place of publication: publisher. Year of publication: start and end page numbers
〔12〕罗云.安全科学理论体系的发展及趋势探讨.见：白春华，何学秋，吴宗之.21世纪安全科学与技术的发展趋势.北京：科学出版社，2000：1-5.
〔12〕 Luo Yun. Exploration of the Development and Trends of the Theoretical System of Security Science. See: Bai Chunhua, He Xueqiu, Wu Zongzhi. The Development Trends of Security Science and Technology in the 21st Century. Beijing: Science Press, 2000:1-5
E.学位论文
E. Thesis
外文参考文献的格式论文〔序号〕 主要责任者.文献题名〔D〕.保存地：保存单位，年份：
Format of Foreign Language Reference Paper [Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Title of Reference [D]. Storage Location: Storage Unit, Year:
〔7〕张和生.地质力学系统理论〔D〕.太原：太原理工大学，1998：
〔7〕 Zhang Hesheng. Theory of Geomechanical Systems [D]. Taiyuan: Taiyuan University of Technology, 1998:
F.报告
F. Report
〔序号〕 主要责任者.文献题名〔R〕.报告地：报告会主办单位，年份：
[Serial Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [R]. Reporting Place: Organizing Unit of the Reporting Conference, Year:
〔9〕冯西桥.核反应堆压力容器的LBB分析〔R〕.北京：清华大学核能技术设计研究院，1997：
〔9〕 Feng Xiqiao. LBB analysis of pressure vessels in nuclear reactors [R]. Beijing: Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, Tsinghua University, 1997:
G.专利文献
G. Patent literature
〔序号〕 专利所有者.专利题名〔P〕.专利国别：专利号，发布日期：
[Serial Number] Patent Owner. Patent Title [P]. Patent Country: Patent Number, Publication Date:
〔11〕姜锡洲.一种温热外敷药制备方案〔P〕.中国专利：881056078，1983-08-12：
〔11〕 Jiang Xizhou. A preparation scheme for warm topical medicine [P]. Chinese patent: 8810560781983-08-12:
H.国际、国家标准
H. International and National Standards
〔序号〕 标准代号.标准名称〔S〕.出版地：出版者，出版年：
[Serial Number] Standard Code. Standard Name [S]. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication:
〔1〕GB/T 16159 1996.汉语拼音正词法基本规则〔S〕.北京：中国标准出版社，1996：
〔1〕 GB/T 16159 1996. Basic Rules for Chinese Pinyin Orthography [S]. Beijing: China Standard Publishing House, 1996:
I.报纸文章
I. Newspaper articles
〔序号〕 主要责任者.文献题名〔N〕.报纸名，出版年，月(日)：版次.
[Number] Main Responsible Person. Literature Title [N]. Newspaper Name, Publication Year, Month (Day): Edition
〔13〕谢希德.创造学习的思路.人民日报，1998，12(25)：10
〔13〕 Xie Xide. Ideas for Creative Learning. Peoples Daily, 1998, 12 (25): 10
J.电子文献
J. Electronic literature
〔序号〕 主要责任者.电子文献题名〔文献类型/载体类型〕.：电子文献的出版或可获得地址(电子文献地址用文字表述)，发表或更新日期/引用日期(任选) ：
[Number] Main Responsible Person. Electronic Document Title [Document Type/Carrier Type] The publication or availability address of electronic literature (electronic literature address expressed in text), publication or date/citation date (optional):
〔21〕姚伯元.毕业设计(论文)规范化管理与培养学生综合素质〔EB/OL〕.：中国高等教育网教学研究，2005-2-2：
[21] Yao Boyuan. Standardized Management and Cultivation of Students Comprehensive Quality in Graduation Design (Thesis) [EB/OL] Teaching Research on China Higher Education Network, February 2, 2005:
普通图书：M 会议录：C 汇编：G 报纸：N 期刊：J 学位论文：D 报告：R
Regular books: M Conference proceedings: C Compilation: G Newspaper: N Journal: J Thesis: D Report: R
标准：S 专利：P 数据库：DB 计算机程序：CP 电子公告：EB
Standard: S Patent: P Database: DB Computer Program: CP Electronic Announcement: EB
外文参考文献类型
根据GB3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定,以单字母标识:
According to GB3469-83 "Document Type and Document Carrier Code", it is marked with a single letter:
M——专著(含古籍中的史、志论著)
M - Monographs (including historical and historical works in ancient books)
C——论文集
C - Collected Papers
N——报纸文章
N - Newspaper articles
J——期刊文章
J - Journal articles
D——学位论文
D - Thesis
R——研究报告
R - Research Report
S——标准
S - Standard
P——专利
P - Patent
A——专著、论文集中的析出文献
A - Selected literature from monographs and paper collections
Z——其他未说明的文献类型
Z - Other unspecified types of literature
电子文献类型以双字母作为标识:
Electronic literature types are identified by two letters:
DB——数据库
DB - Database
CP——计算机程序
CP - Computer Program
EB——电子公告
EB - Electronic Announcement
非纸张型载体电子文献,在参考文献标识中同时标明其载体类型:
Non paper carrier electronic literature, with the reference label indicating its carrier type:
DB/OL——联机网上的数据库
DB/OL - Online Database
DB/MT——磁带数据库
DB/MT - Magnetic Tape Database
M/CD——光盘图书
M/CD - CD Book
CP/DK——磁盘软件
CP/DK - Disk Software
J/OL——网上期刊
J/OL - Online Journal
EB/OL——网上电子公告
EB/OL - Online Electronic Announcement
电子文献载体类型用双字母标识,具体如下:
The type of electronic literature carrier is identified by two letters, as follows:
磁带〔MT〕
Magnetic tape [MT]
磁盘〔DK〕
Disk [DK]
光盘〔CD〕
CD
联机网络〔OL〕
Online Network [OL]
外文参考文献的使用
1 在正文中引用参考文献
Cite references in the main text
一项科学研究取得的新成果通常是在前人成果的基础上的新进展，它体现着科学科技的继承和发展。如，基于已有的理论、方法、思想、实验手段等，使本研究获得了新进展，有了新发现；或是将一个学科中的方法移植到另一学科中并取得成功；或是对已有方法做了改进。当在论文中叙述研究目的、设计思想、建立的模型、和已有结果进行比较的时候，就要涉和到已有的成果。如果在涉和到前人成果的地方再把已有成果的具体内容抄到论文当中，不但占去论文的篇幅，冲淡论文的主题，而且抄写这些已发表过的、读者可以查找到的内容是毫无意义的。
A new achievement in scientific research is usually a new progress based on previous achievements, reflecting the inheritance and development of science and technology. For example, based on existing theories, methods, ideas, experimental methods, etc., this study has made new progress and discoveries; Or transplanting methods from one discipline to another and achieving success; Or improvements have been made to existing methods. When describing the research objectives, design ideas, established models, and comparing them with existing results in a paper, it is necessary to involve existing achievements. If the specific content of existing achievements is copied into the paper where it involves previous achievements, it not only takes up the space of the paper and dilutes the theme of the paper, but also copying these published and searchable contents is meaningless.
所以，在论文涉和到已有成果的地方，不去重抄已有的成果，而是指出登载这个成果文献（出处），这种做法叫做引用参考文献引用了参考文献，就要在涉和前人成果的地方做一个标记，见到这个标记，读者就知道在这里引用了参考文献；按照这个标记在参考文献表中就能找到刊登这个成果的详细内容的文章。在正文中引用参考文献的地方加一个标记，称为参考文献的标注。标注的方法称为标注法。
So, when the paper involves existing achievements, do not plagiarize the existing achievements, but point out the source of the published literature. This approach is called citing references. If a reference is cited, a mark should be made in the place where the previous achievements are related. When the mark is seen, the reader knows that the reference is cited here; By following this label, you can find the detailed content of the article that published this achievement in the reference list. Add a marker in the main text where references are cited, which is called the citation of references. The method of annotation is called annotation method.
2 参考文献着录的目的和作用
The purpose and role of reference citation
对于一篇完整的学术论文，参考文献的着录是不可缺少的。归纳起来，参考文献着录的目的和作用主要体现在以下5个方面。
For a complete academic paper, citation is essential. In summary, the purpose and role of reference citation are mainly reflected in the following five aspects.
1） 着录参考文献可以反映论文作者的科学态度和论文具有真实、广泛的科学依据，也反映出该论文的起点和深度。科学技术以和科学技术研究工作都有继承性，现时的研究都是在过去研究的基础上进行的，今人的研究成果或研究工作一般都是前人研究成果或研究工作的继续和发展；因此，在论文中涉和研究的背景、理由、目的.等的阐述，必然要对过去的工作进行评价，着录参考文献即能表明言之有据，并明白交待出该论文的起点和深度。这在一定程度上为论文审阅者、编者和读者评估论文的价值和水平提供了客观依据。
1) Reference citation can reflect the scientific attitude of the author and the fact that the paper has genuine and extensive scientific basis, as well as the starting point and depth of the paper. Science and technology, as well as scientific and technological research work, have inheritance. Current research is based on past research, and current research results or work are generally the continuation and development of previous research results or work; Therefore, in elaborating on the background, reasons, objectives, and other aspects of the research in the paper, it is necessary to evaluate past work, record references, and clearly explain the starting point and depth of the paper. This provides an objective basis for reviewers, editors, and readers to evaluate the value and level of the paper to a certain extent.
2） 着录参考文献能方便地把论文作者的成果和前人的成果区别开来。论文报道的研究成果虽然是论文作者自己的，但在阐述和论证过程中免不了要引用前人的成果，包括观点、方法、数据和其它资料，若对引用部分加以标注，则他人的成果将表示得十分清楚。这不仅表明了论文作者对他人劳动的尊重，而且也免除了抄袭、剽窃他人成果的嫌疑
2) Recording references can easily distinguish the authors achievements from those of predecessors. Although the research results reported in the paper are the authors own, it is inevitable to cite the achievements of predecessors, including viewpoints, methods, data, and other materials, in the process of elaboration and argumentation. If the cited parts are marked, the achievements of others will be expressed very clearly. This not only demonstrates the authors respect for the labor of others, but also exempts them from suspicion of plagiarism and plagiarism in their work
3） 着录参考文献能起索引作用。读者通过着录的参考文献，可方便地检索和查找有关图书资料，以对该论文中的引文有更详尽的了解
3) Recording references can serve as an index. Readers can easily search and search for relevant book materials through the recorded references, in order to have a more detailed understanding of the citations in the paper
4） 着录参考文献有利于节省论文篇幅。论文中需要表述的某些内容，凡已有文献所载者不必详述，只在相应之处注明见何文献即可。这不仅精练了语言，节省了篇幅，而且避免了一般性表述和资料堆积，使论文容易达到篇幅短、内容精的要求
4) Recording references is beneficial for saving paper space. Some of the content that needs to be expressed in the paper does not need to be elaborated on in existing literature. Only indicate where the literature is found in the corresponding section. This not only refines the language and saves space, but also avoids general expressions and data accumulation, making it easy for the paper to meet the requirements of short length and precise content
5） 着录参考文献有助于科技情报人员进行情报研究和文摘计量学研究。
5) Recording references can help scientific and technological intelligence personnel conduct intelligence research and bibliometric research.
3 参考文献的着录原则
Principles for Recording References
1） 只着录最必要、最新的文献。着录的文献要精选，仅限于着录作者亲自阅读过并在论文中直接引用的文献，而且，无特殊需要不必罗列众所周知的教科书或某些陈旧史料
1) Only record the most necessary and up-to-date literature. The recorded literature should be carefully selected, limited to those that the author has personally read and directly cited in the paper, and there is no need to list well-known textbooks or some outdated historical materials without special needs
2） 只着录公开发表的文献。公开发表是指在国内外公开发行的报刊或正式出版的图书上发表。在供内部交流的刊物上发表的文章和内部使用的资料，尤其是不宜公开的资料，均不能作为参考文献引用
2) Only record publicly published literature. Public publication refers to publishing in newspapers or officially published books both domestically and internationally. Articles published in publications for internal communication and materials used internally, especially materials that are not suitable for public disclosure, cannot be cited as references
3） 引用论点必须准确无误，不能断章取义。
3) Quoting arguments must be accurate and not taken out of context.
4） 采用规范化的着录格式。关于文后参考文献的着录已有国际标准和国家标准，论文作者和期刊编者都应熟练掌握，严格执行
4) Adopt standardized recording format. There are international and national standards for the citation of references in the text, and authors and journal editors should be proficient and strictly adhere to them
5） 参考文献的着录方法。根据GB 7714—87《文后参考文献着录规则》中规定采用“顺序编码制”和“著者?出版年制”两种。其中，顺序编码制为我国科技期刊所普遍采用，所以这里作重点绍。
5) The citation method of references. According to GB 7714-87 "Rules for Bibliography of References", two methods are adopted: "sequential coding system" and "author publication year system". Among them, the sequential coding system is widely adopted in scientific and technological journals in China, so it is emphasized here.
4 顺序编码制
sequence coding system
顺序编码制是指作者在论文中所引用的文献按它们在文中出现的先后顺序，用阿拉伯数字加方括号连续编码，视具体情况把序号作为上角或作为语句的组成部分进行标注，并在文后参考文献表中，各条文献按在论文中出现的文献序号顺序依次排列
The sequential coding system refers to the continuous coding of the references cited by the author in their paper in the order in which they appear in the paper, using Arabic numerals and square brackets. Depending on the specific situation, the numbering is marked as the upper corner or as a component of the sentence, and in the reference list at the end of the paper, each reference is arranged in the order of its appearance in the paper
外文参考文献书写技巧
把光标放在引用参考文献的地方，在菜单栏上选“插入|脚注和尾注”，弹出的对话框中选择“尾注”，点击“选项”按钮修改编号格式为阿拉伯数字，位置为“文档结尾”，确定后Word就在光标的地方插入了参考文献的编号，并自动跳到文档尾部相应编号处请你键入参考文献的说明，在这里按参考文献著录表的格式添加相应文献。参考文献标注要求用中括号把编号括起来，以word2007为例，可以在插入尾注时先把光标移至需要插入尾注的地方，然后点击 引用-脚注下面的一个小箭头，在出现的对话框中有个自定义，然后输入中括号及数字，然后点插入，然后自动跳转到本节/本文档末端，此时再输入参考文献内容即可。
Place the cursor at the reference citation location, select "Insert | Footnote and Endnote" in the menu bar, select "Endnote" in the pop-up dialog box, click the "Options" button to modify the numbering format to Arabic numerals, and position it to "End of Document". After confirmation, Word s the reference number at the cursor location and automatically jumps to the corresponding number at the end of the document. Please type the description of the reference and add the corresponding literature in the format of the reference description table. Reference annotation requires the number to be enclosed in square brackets. Taking Word2007 as an example, when ing an endnote, you can first move the cursor to the location where the endnote needs to be ed, and then click a small arrow below the citation footnote. In the dialog box that appears, there is a custom option. Then, enter the square brackets and numbers, click Insert, and automatically jump to the end of this section/document. At this point, you can enter the reference content again.
在文档中需要多次引用同一文献时，在第一次引用此文献时需要制作尾注，再次引用此文献时点“插入|交叉引用”，“引用类型”选“尾注”，引用内容为“尾注编号（带格式）”，然后选择相应的文献，插入即可。
When the same literature needs to be cited multiple times in a document, an endnote needs to be made when citing this literature for the first time. When citing this literature again, click "Insert | Cross reference", select "Endnote" for "citation type", and the citation content should be "Endnote number (with format)". Then select the corresponding literature and it.
不要以为已经搞定了，我们离成功还差一步。论文格式要求参考文献在正文之后，参考文献后还有发表论文情况说明、附录和致谢，而Word的尾注要么在文档的结尾，要么在“节”的结尾，这两种都不符合我们的要求。解决的方法似乎有点笨拙。首先删除尾注文本中所有的编号（我们不需要它，因为它的格式不对），然后选中所有尾注文本（参考文献说明文本），点“插入|书签”，命名为“参考文献文本”，添加到书签中。这样就把所有的参考文献文本做成了书签。在正文后新建一页，标题为“参考文献”，并设置好格式。光标移到标题下，选“插入|交叉引用”，“引用类型”为“书签”，点“参考文献文本”后插入，这样就把参考文献文本复制了一份。选中刚刚插入的文本，按格式要求修改字体字号等，并用项目编号进行自动编号。
Dont think its already done, were still one step away from success. The format of the paper requires references to be placed after the main text, followed by a description of the publication status, appendix, and acknowledgments. However, Words endnotes are either at the end of the document or at the end of the section, both of which do not meet our requirements. The solution seems a bit clumsy. First, all the numbering in the endnote text (we dont need it because its format is incorrect), then select all the endnote text (reference description text), click "Insert | Bookmark", name it "Reference Text", and add it to the bookmark. This makes all the reference texts bookmarked. Create a new page after the main text with the title "References" and set the format accordingly. Move the cursor under the title, select "Insert | Cross Reference", set "Reference Type" to "Bookmark", click "Reference Text" and it. This will make a copy of the reference text. Select the text you just ed, modify the font size, etc. according to the formatting requirements, and use the project number for automatic numbering.
打印文档时，尾注页同样会打印出来，而这几页是我们不需要的。当然，可以通过设置打印页码范围的.方法不打印最后几页。
When printing a document, the endnote page will also be printed, and these few pages are not needed by us. Of course, the last few pages can be skipped by setting the printing page range.
选中所有的尾注文本，点“格式|字体”，改为“隐藏文字”，切换到普通视图，选择“视图|脚注”，此时所有的尾注出现于窗口的下端，在“尾注”下拉列表框中选择“尾注分割符”，将默认的横线删除。同样的方法删除“尾注延续分割符”和“尾注延续标记”。删除页眉和页脚（包括分隔线），选择“视图|页眉和页脚”，首先删除文字，然后点击页眉页脚工具栏的“页面设置”按钮，在弹出的对话框上点“边框”，在“页面边框”选项卡，边框设置为“无”，应用范围为“本节”；“边框”选项卡的边框设置为“无”，应用范围为“段落”。切换到“页脚”，删除页码。选择“工具|选项”，在“打印”选项卡里确认不打印隐藏文字（Word默认）。
Select all endnote text, click "Format | Font", change to "Hidden Text", switch to normal view, select "View | Footnotes", all endnotes will appear at the bottom of the window. In the "Endnote" drop-down list box, select "Endnote Splitter" to remove the default horizontal line. Using the same method, remove the "endnote continuation separator" and "endnote continuation marker". Delete the header and footer (including separators), select "View | Header and Footer", first the text, then click the "Page Settings" button on the header and footer toolbar, click "Borders" on the pop-up dialog box, and in the "Page Borders" tab, set the border to "None" and apply it to "This Section"; The border of the "Borders" tab is set to "None" and its application scope is "Paragraph". Switch to "Footer" and page numbers. Select "Tools | Options" and confirm in the "Print" tab that hidden text will not be printed (Word default).
注：以上在word中的处理是比较常用的做法，不过作者需要了解，投稿稿件是word格式或pdf格式或wps格式，但是很多期刊是用方正排版系统排版的，二者不“兼容”。因此，作者的word投稿只是编辑部排版的原稿，排版问题作者无需太过担心；而作者如想要编辑部出刊前最后的电子稿（有些作者着急要清样或已经排版的电子稿）其实也没有太大意义，因为没有方正的软件就无法打开这个电子稿。
本科毕业论文外文参考文献 1
[1]左仁淑.关系营销:服务营销的理论基础.四川大学学报,2004,(4):19-23
[1] Zuo Renshu. Relationship Marketing: Theoretical Basis of Service Marketing. Journal of Sichuan University, 2004, (4): 19-23
[2]科特勒,洪瑞云,梁绍明等.市场营销管理(亚洲版).第3版.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2004,15-35
[2] Kotler, Hong Ruiyun, Liang Shaoming, et al. Marketing Management (Asian Edition). 3rd Edition. Beijing: Renmin University of China Press, 2004,15-35
[3]Heide J B, George J. Do Norms Matter in Marketing Relationships. Journal of Marketing, 1992, 56(2): 32-44
[3] Heide J B, George J. Do Norms Matter in Marketing Relationships Journal of Marketing, 1992, 56 (2): 32-44
[4]陈绍福,徐宝瑞.现代医院创新经营.中国医院管理,2001,21(11):60-62
[4] Chen Shaofu, Xu Baorui. Innovative Management of Modern Hospitals. China Hospital Management, 2001,21 (11): 60-62
[5]张英.现代医院应树立的十大营销观念.中国卫生产业,2004,(2):76-78
[5] Zhang Ying. Ten Marketing Concepts that Modern Hospitals Should Establish. China Health Industry, 2004, (2): 76-78
本科毕业论文外文参考文献 2
[1]董西明.客户关系管理及其应用[J].学术交流,2004(8)
[1] Dong Ximing. Customer Relationship Management and Its Application [J]. Academic Exchange, 2004 (8)
[2]王光玲.CRM-企业管理理念新发展[J].经济论坛,2003(9)
[2] Wang Guangling CRM - New Development of Enterprise Management Concept [J]. Economic Forum, 2003 (9)
[3]崔京波,陈颖.论CRM及应用[J].科学与管理,2005(6)
[3] Cui Jingbo, Chen Ying. On CRM and Its Applications [J]. Science and Management, 2005 (6)
[4]田丹.浅析供应链环境下的客户关系管理(CRM)[J].商情(教育经济研究),2008(3)
[4] Tian Dan. Analysis of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the Supply Chain Environment [J]. Business Intelligence (Educational Economics Research), 2008 (3)
[5]左臻.浅谈客户关系管理[J].科技情报开发与经济,2005(5)
[5] Zuo Zhen. A Brief Discussion on Customer Relationship Management [J]. Science and Technology Intelligence Development and Economics, 2005 (5)
[6]徐辉.浅析客户关系管理[J].商业经济,2008(10)
[6] Xu Hui. Analysis of Customer Relationship Management [J]. Business Economics, 2008 (10)
[7]姚德全,于冬梅.客户关系管理在企业发展中的重要性[J].科技创新与应用,2013(8)
[7] Yao Dequan, Yu Dongmei. The Importance of Customer Relationship Management in Enterprise Development [J]. Science and Technology Innovation and Application, 2013 (8)
本科毕业论文外文参考文献 3
[1]郭愈强,樊玮.数据挖掘技术在民航CRM中的应用[J],计算机工程,2005(31):169-171.
[1] Guo Yuqiang, Fan Wei. Application of Data Mining Technology in Civil Aviation CRM [J], Computer Engineering, 2005 (31): 169-171
[2]刘彬,白万民.浅析数据挖掘技术在CRM中的.应用[J].电子世界,2014,01(17):16-17.
[2] Liu Bin, Bai Wanmin. Analysis of the Application of Data Mining Technology in CRM [J]. E-World, 2014,01 (17): 16-17
[3]杨虎猛,朱汝岳.金融业分型CRM系统探索与应用[J].计算机应用与软件,2013,07(30):259-261.
[3] Yang Humeng, Zhu Ruyue. Exploration and Application of Financial Industry Classification CRM System [J]. Computer Applications and Software, 2013,07 (30): 259-261
[4]徐国庆,段春梅.数据挖掘技术在CRM中的应用研究[J].网络安全技术与应用,2012,02(12):38-40.
[4] Xu Guoqing, Duan Chunmei. Research on the Application of Data Mining Technology in CRM [J]. Network Security Technology and Application, 2012,02 (12): 38-40
[5]王一鸿.体检中心CRM构建及数据挖掘的应用研究[D].华东理工大学,2011.
[5] Wang Yihong. Research on the Application of CRM Construction and Data Mining in Physical Examination Centers [D]. East China University of Science and Technology, 2011
[6]潘光强.基于数据挖掘的CRM设计与应用研究[D].安徽工业大学,2011.
[6] Pan Guangqiang. Research on CRM Design and Application Based on Data Mining [D]. Anhui University of Technology, 2011
本科毕业论文外文参考文献 4
[1]廖雯.基于客户生命周期的CRM策略研究[J].商,2015(17):15-15.
[1] Liao Wen. Research on CRM Strategy Based on Customer Lifecycle [J]. Shang, 2015 (17): 15-15
[2]陈杭.电子商务的'营销资源在CRM策略中有效分配探讨[J].现代商业,2015(11):42-43.
[2] Chen Hang. Exploration of Effective Allocation of Marketing Resources in CRM Strategies for E-commerce [J]. Modern Business, 2015 (11): 42-43
[3]金子琦.纷享销客中国式CRM商业逻辑大复盘[J].创业邦,2015(10):90-91.
[3] Jin Ziqi. A Comprehensive Review of Chinese style CRM Business Logic for Diversified Customer Sales [J]. Chuangye Bang, 2015 (10): 90-91
[4]姚婷.探析客户关系管理系统对中国创意产业园运营模式的指导意义[J].中国市场,2015(27):59-61.
[4] Yao Ting. Exploring the Guiding Significance of Customer Relationship Management Systems for the Operation Model of Chinas Creative Industry Parks [J]. China Market, 2015 (27): 59-61
[5]朱华玉.湖南铁道职业技术学院CRM实践研究[J].辽宁高职学报,2015,17(7);19-21.
[5] Zhu Huayu. CRM Practice Research at Hunan Railway Vocational and Technical College [J]. Liaoning Vocational and Technical Journal, 2015,17 (7); 19-21
本科毕业论文外文参考文献 5
[1]柯晨丹《试析新时期我国烟草行业的'现状及对策》
[1] Ke Chendans "Analysis of the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Chinas Tobacco Industry in the New Era"
[2]《烟草控制框架公约》
[2] Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
[3]李景武《烟草行业实现可持续发展的思路及其对策》
[3] Li Jingwus Thoughts and Countermeasures for Realizing Sustainable Development in the Tobacco Industry
[4]田蔚《自主创新:烟草行业可持续发展的前提》
[4] Tian Weis "Independent Innovation: Prerequisite for Sustainable Development of the Tobacco Industry"
[5]《烟草控制框架公约》
[5] Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
[6]钟陆文《论企业可持续发展的理论内涵》
[6] Zhong Luwens "On the Theoretical Connotation of Sustainable Development of Enterprises"
硕士毕业论文外文参考文献 1
[1] 薛万夫，孙苗琴.振动深孔加工技术(上)[J].现代制造工程，1992，(12):39-40.
[1] Xue Wanfu, Sun Miaoqin. Vibration Deep Hole Processing Technology (Part 1) [J]. Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 1992, (12): 39-40
[2] 李言，李云芳.振动钻削过程中的参数选择研究[J].西安理工大学学报，1991，5(论文参考文献格式3):86-92.
[2] Li Yan, Li Yunfang. Research on Parameter Selection in Vibration Drilling Process [J]. Journal of Xian University of Technology, 1991, 5 (Reference Format 3): 86-92
[3] 郑建明，李言，肖继明等.基于神经网络的'多特征融合刀具磨损量识别[J].机械科学与技术，20xx， 21(1):111- 113.
[3] Zheng Jianming, Li Yan, Xiao Jiming, et al. Recognition of Tool Wear Based on Neural Network Multi feature Fusion [J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 20xx, 21 (1): 111-113
[4] 郑建明，李言，黄玉美等.分形在钻头磨损切削力特征提取中的应用田.应用科学学报，20xx，22(3):337-341.
[4] Zheng Jianming, Li Yan, Huang Yumei, et al. The application of fractal in extracting cutting force characteristics of drill bit wear. Journal of Applied Science, 20xx, 22 (3): 337-341
[5] 樊铁镇.深孔加工技术综述[JJ.工具技术，1994，(5):3-5.
[5] Fan Tiezhen. Overview of Deep Hole Processing Technology [JJ. Tool Technology, 1994, (5): 3-5
硕士毕业论文外文参考文献 2
1.韩保庆著《WTO争端解决机制存在的问题浅析》，载于《对外经贸实务》2003年第6期
1. Han Baoqings "Analysis of the Problems in the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism", published in the 6th issue of "Foreign Economic and Trade Practice" in 2003
2.黄志雄著《对发展中国家参与GATT/WTO争端解决活动的法律分析》，载于《法学评论》2001年第6期
2. Huang Zhixiongs "Legal Analysis of Developing Countries Participation in GATT/WTO Dispute Resolution Activities", published in Legal Review, Issue 6, 2001
3.川濑刚志著《回顾WTO争端解决谅解协议的修改谈判进程》
3. Kawase Gangzhis Review of the Negotiation Process for Amending the WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding Agreement
4.John H Jackson著《GATT/WTO法理与实践》，张玉卿、李成刚、杨国华等译，新华出版社2002年版
4. John H Jackson, "GATT/WTO Jurisprudence and Practice", translated by Zhang Yuqing, Li Chenggang, Yang Guohua, et al., Xinhua Publishing House, 2002 edition
5.李浩培著《条约法概论》，法律出版社2003年版
Introduction to Treaty Law by Li Haopei, Law Press, 2003 edition
6.周忠海等著《国际法学述评》，法律出版社2001年版
Review of International Law by Zhou Zhonghai et al., Law Press, 2001 edition
7.李居迁著《WTO争端解决机制》，中国财政经济出版社2001年版
7. Li Juqians "WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism", published by China Finance and Economics Press in 2001
8.宣增益主编《世界贸易组织法律教程》，中信出版社2003年版
"Legal Course on the World Trade Organization" edited by Xuan Zengli, published by CITIC Press in 2003
9.梁西著《国际组织法》(总论)，武汉大学出版社2001年版
9. Liang Xis "International Organization Law" (General), Wuhan University Press, 2001 edition
10.司法部法规教育司,国家外国专家科教文卫司编《WTO争端解决机制/规则、程序与实践》，法律出版社2002年版
10. "WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism/Rules, Procedures and Practice" edited by the Department of Regulations and Education of the Ministry of Justice and the Department of Science, Education, Culture and Health of National Foreign Experts, published by Law Press in 2002
11.余敏友、左海聪、黄志雄著《WTO争端解决机制概论》，上海人民出版社2001年版
Introduction to WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism by Yu Minyou, Zuo Haicong, and Huang Zhixiong, Shanghai Peoples Publishing House, 2001 edition
12.曾令良著《世界贸易组织法》，武汉大学出版社1996年版
12. Zeng Lingliangs "World Trade Organization Law", Wuhan University Press, 1996 edition
13.沈木珠著《国际贸易法研究》，法律出版社，2002年版
13. Shen Muzhus "Research on International Trade Law", Legal Publishing House, 2002 edition
14.回沪明、赵松岭主编《世界贸易组织(WTO)及其争端解决经验》，中国方正出版社2002年版
14. Edited by Hui Huiming and Zhao Songling, "The World Trade Organization (WTO) and Its Dispute Resolution Experience", published by China Fangzheng Publishing House in 2002
15.朱榄叶编《世界贸易组织国际贸易纠纷案例评析》法律出版社2000年版
15. Zhu Lanyes "Analysis of International Trade Dispute Cases in the World Trade Organization" published by Legal Publishing House in 2000
16.韩立余著《WTO案例及评析(1995-1999)》(上、下卷)，中国人民大学出版社2001年版
16. Han Liyus "WTO Cases and Analysis (1995-1999)" (Volume I and II), published by Renmin University Press of China in 2001
17.韩立余著《WTO案例及评析(2000)》，中国人民大学出版社2001年版
17. Han Liyus "WTO Cases and Analysis (2000)", published by Renmin University Press of China in 2001
18.杨荣珍编《WTO争端解决案例与评析》对外经济贸易大学出版社2002版
18. Yang Rongzhen, edited "WTO Dispute Resolution Cases and Analysis", published by the University of International Business and Economics Press in 2002
19.周忠海著《论国际法在WTO争端解决机制中的作用》，载于《北京市政法管理干部学院学报》，2002年第2期
19. Zhou Zhonghais "On the Role of International Law in the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism", published in the Journal of Beijing Political and Legal Management Cadre College, Issue 2, 2002
20.赵秀文著《论世界贸易组织的争议解决机制》，载于《国际法学论丛》，民族出版社2001年版
20. Zhao Xiuwens "On the Dispute Resolution Mechanism of the World Trade Organization", published in "Collected Works of International Law", Ethnic Publishing House, 2001 edition
21.杨国华等著《WTO争端解决机制中的磋商程序研究》，载于《法学评论》2003年第2期
21. Yang Guohua et al., "Research on Consultation Procedures in WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanisms", published in Legal Review, Vol. 2, 2003
22.杨国华、李著《谈WTO争端解决程序中的``第三方》，载于商务部网站中国政法大学硕士学位论文论WTO争端解决机制的发展与改革
22. Yang Guohua and Lis "On the Third Party in the WTO Dispute Settlement Procedure", published on the website of the Ministry of Commerce, in the Masters Thesis of China University of Political Science and Law on the Development and Reform of the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism
23.王新著《WTO争端解决机制和下一轮谈判的主要问题及我们的对策》，载于《律师世界》2002年第2期
23. Wang Xins "WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Main Issues in the Next Round of Negotiations and Our Countermeasures", published in Lawyers World, Issue 2, 2002
【外文参考文献格式要求】相关文章：
外文专著参考文献的格式02-23
外文译著参考文献格式02-23
参考文献的格式和要求04-21
参考文献著录格式要求11-29
论文的参考文献格式要求02-24
国家参考文献格式要求03-06
参考文献的编写的格式要求03-27
论文参考文献的格式要求03-15
英文引用参考文献格式要求03-29
参考文献范文及格式要求11-17