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操作系统课程设计报告模拟进程调度程序(一)
此设计报告是对操作系统中进程调度的两种算法,即静态优先权调度算法和需要时间片的转法进行了描述,并分析了它们的工作机理。
最高优先权调度算法的基本思想是把CPU分配给就绪队列中优先权最高的进程。静态优先数是在创建进程时确定的,并在整个进程运行期间不再改变。
简单轮转法的基本思想是:所有就绪进程按 FCFS排成一个队列,总是把处理机分配给队首的进程,各进程占用CPU的时间片相同。如果运行进程用完它的时间片后还未完成,就把它送回到就绪队列的末尾,把处理机重新分配给队首的进程,直至所有的进程运行完毕。
然后用具体语言模拟了一个进程调度的程序。用户可以自己输入产生进程,然后选择调度方式进行调度。所用的语言为VisualBasic.Net,结果显示了调度运行过程。
问题描述和分析 ……………………………………………… 4
算法设计 …………………………………………………… 5
源代码及说明 ………………………………………………… 5
结果与分析 ………………………………………………………17
参考文献……………………………………………………… 18
一、问题描述和分析
问题描述
CPU调度是多道程序操作系统的基础,几乎所有计算机资源在使用前都要被调度,因此,CPU调度对于操作系统来说非常重要。
假如操作系统中存在若干进程,这些进程,将会被按照指定的调度方式,由CPU进行调度。
本程序,用来模拟实现操作系统中的两种调度方法,即:优先权调度和轮转法调度。
下面对四种调度方法进行描述
优先权调度(priority-scheduling algorithm):在这种方式下,每一个进程都有一个优先权与其关联,具有最高优先权的进程会被分配到CPU,具有相同优先权的进程按FCFS顺序调度。
轮转法(round-robin):这种调度方式是专门为分时系统而设计的。它类似于FCFS调度,但是增加了抢占以在进程是。定义一个较小时间单元,称为时间量或时间片。时间片通常为10ms到100ms。为每个进程分配不超过一个时间片间隔的CPU。
分析
根据描述确定解决方法。本程序利用VisualBasic.Net语言实现。首先定义一个进程的类,包括进程名、达到时间、服务时间、优先权。再定义一个调度类,用以实现调度算法。
最后在主程序中,用户可选择两种调度算法,确定问题的类型。
二、算法设计
主要设计思想
在主程序中,通过选择结构,调用两种调度算法。
各种调度算法实现
首先建立一个进程类, 然后建立一个调度类,通过这个类来执行调度算法。再建立一个链表,用来存放这些进程。
优先权调度:在优先权调度中,每产生一个进程,程序会记录进程的优先权,然后按产生的先后顺序插入。当当前进程结束时,程序从链表中取出一个优先权最高的进程执行。
轮转法调度:由用户定义一个时间片。在每个时间片中,程序执行一个进程。当时间片结束后,程序将结束当前执行的进程,从链表中调入下一个进程,并将当前执行的进程插入到链表尾部。整个链表相当于一个循环队列。
三、源代码及说明
1优先级调度算法源代码
Dim a As Integer
Dim b As Integer
Dim c As Integer
Dim d As Integer
Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
If Label7.Width < 200 Then
Label7.Visible = True
Label7.Width += 10
Label17.Visible = True
Label16.Visible = False
Label18.Visible = False
Else
Label17.Visible = False
Label18.Visible = False
Label16.Visible = True
a = 6
End If
If a < b And a < c And a < d Then
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
If b < a And b < c And b < d Then
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If c < a And c < b And c < d Then
Timer3.Enabled = True
End If
If d < a And d < b And d < c Then
Timer4.Enabled = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer2.Tick
If Label8.Width < 200 Then
Label8.Visible = True
Label8.Width += 10
Label20.Visible = True
Label19.Visible = False
Label21.Visible = False
Else
Label20.Visible = False
Label21.Visible = False
Label19.Visible = True
b = 7
End If
If a < b And a < c And a < d Then
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
If b < a And b < c And b < d Then
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If c < a And c < b And c < d Then
Timer3.Enabled = True
End If
If d < a And d < b And d < c Then
Timer4.Enabled = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Timer3_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer3.Tick
If Label9.Width < 200 Then
Label9.Visible = True
Label9.Width += 10
Label23.Visible = True
Label22.Visible = False
Label24.Visible = False
Else
Label23.Visible = False
Label24.Visible = False
Label22.Visible = True
c = 8
End If
If a < b And a < c And a < d Then
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
If b < a And b < c And b < d Then
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If c < a And c < b And c < d Then
Timer3.Enabled = True
End If
If d < a And d < b And d < c Then
Timer4.Enabled = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Timer4_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer4.Tick
If Label10.Width < 200 Then
Label10.Visible = True
Label10.Width += 10
Label26.Visible = True
Label25.Visible = False
Label27.Visible = False
Else
Label26.Visible = False
Label27.Visible = False
Label25.Visible = True
d = 9
End If
If a < b And a < c And a < d Then
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
If b < a And b < c And b < d Then
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If c < a And c < b And c < d Then
Timer3.Enabled =True
End If
If d < a And d < b And d < c Then
Timer4.Enabled = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
Me.Close()
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
a = TextBox1.Text
b = TextBox2.Text
c = TextBox3.Text
d = TextBox4.Text
If a < b And a < c And a < d Then
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
If b < a And b < c And b < d Then
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If c < a And c < b And c < d Then
Timer3.Enabled = True
End If
If d < a And d < b And d < c Then
Timer4.Enabled = True
End If
TextBox1.Enabled = False
TextBox2.Enabled = False
TextBox3.Enabled = False
TextBox4.Enabled = False
Button1.Enabled = False
Button2.Enabled = True
Label18.Visible = True
Label21.Visible = True
Label24.Visible = True
Label27.Visible = True
End Sub
End Class
2轮转法调度源代码
'
Dim a As Integer
Dim b As Integer
Dim c As Integer
Dim d As Integer
Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
Me.Close()
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
a = TextBox1.Text
b = TextBox2.Text
c = TextBox3.Text
d = TextBox4.Text
If a > 0 And b > 0 And c > 0 And d > 0 Then
Timer1.Enabled() = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
Dim i As Integer
i = a - Label7.Width
If i < 20 Then
Label7.Width = Label7.Width + i
Label18.Visible = False
Label17.Visible = False
Label16.Visible = True
Timer1.Enabled = False
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If Label7.Width < a Then
Label7.Width = Label7.Width + 10
Label18.Visible = True
Label17.Visible = False
Label16.Visible = False
Timer1.Enabled = False
Timer2.Enabled = True
Else
Label18.Visible = False
Label17.Visible = False
Label16.Visible = True
Timer1.Enabled = False
Timer2.Enabled = True
End If
If Label8.Width >= b Then
Label21.Visible = False
Label20.Visible = False
Label19.Visible = True
Else
Label21.Visible = False
Label20.Visible = True
Label19.Visible = False
End If
If Label7.Width < a And Label8.Width >= b And Label9.Width >= c And Label10.Width >= d Then
Label18.Visible = False
Label17.Visible = True
Label16.Visible = False
ElseIf Label29.Width = a Then
Label18.Visible = False
Label17.Visible = False
Label16.Visible = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer2.Tick
Dim i As Integer
i = b - Label8.Width
If i < 20 Then
Label8.Width += i
Label21.Visible = False
Label20.Visible = False
Label19.Visible = True
Timer2.Enabled = False
Timer3.Enabled = True
End If
If Label8.Width < b Then
Label8.Width += 10
Label21.Visible = True
Label20.Visible = False
Label19.Visible = False
Timer2.Enabled = False
Timer3.Enabled = True
Else
Label21.Visible = False
Label20.Visible = False
Label19.Visible = True
Timer2.Enabled = False
Timer3.Enabled = True
End If
If Label9.Width >= c Then
Label24.Visible = False
Label23.Visible = False
Label22.Visible = True
Else
Label24.Visible = False
Label23.Visible = True
Label22.Visible = False
End If
If Label8.Width < b And Label7.Width >= a And Label9.Width >= c And Label10.Width >= d Then
Label21.Visible = False
Label20.Visible = True
Label19.Visible = False
ElseIf Label8.Width = b Then
Label21.Visible = False
Label20.Visible = False
Label19.Visible = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Timer3_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer3.Tick
Dim i As Integer
i = c - Label9.Width
If i < 20 Then
Label9.Width += i
Label24.Visible = False
Label23.Visible = False
Label22.Visible = True
Timer3.Enabled = False
Timer4.Enabled = True
End If
If Label9.Width < c Then
Label9.Width += 10
Label24.Visible = True
Label23.Visible = False
Label22.Visible = False
Timer3.Enabled = False
Timer4.Enabled = True
Else
&nbnbsp; Label27.Visible = True
Label26.Visible = False
Label25.Visible = False
Timer4.Enabled = False
Timer1.Enabled = True
Else
Label27.Visible = False
Label26.Visible = False
Label25.Visible = True
Timer4.Enabled = False
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
If Label7.Width >= a Then
Label18.Visible = False
Label17.Visible = False
Label16.Visible = True
Else
Label18.Visible = False
Label17.Visible = True
Label16.Visible = False
End If
If Label10.Width < d And Label7.Width >= a And Label8.Width >= b And Label9.Width >= c Then
Label27.Visible = False
Label26.Visible = True
Label25.Visible = False
ElseIf Label10.Width = d Then
Label27.Visible = False
Label26.Visible = False
Label25.Visible = True
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Form5_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
End Sub
End Class
四、结果与讨论
1优先权调度算法结果图
2 轮转法的程序结果图
5.结果分析:
经选择调度算法后,每种调度算法都能成功地执行。所以,本次课程设计成功。 五、参考文献
1、《Windows操作系统原理》 陈向群等著 机械工业出版社
2、《VisualBasic.Net程序设计》冯博琴 崔舒宁著 清华大学出版社
3、《操作系统 原理·技术与编程》 蒋静, 徐志伟著 机械工业出版社
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