含有数词的英汉语习语对比与研究

含有数词的英汉语习语对比与研究

毕业论文

A Comparative Study of Idioms with Numerals in English and Chinese

Abstract

This thesis investigates the different functions of numerals used in idioms, reveals the differences between the two cultures and the language divergence reflected in the idioms with numerals, and points out the importance of intercultural communication. In this thesis, the viewpoints concerning various aspects of the numerals are compared and thus the similarities and differences of the idioms are found. In both English and Chinese idioms, in terms of grammar, numerals are used to indicate quantity; in terms of function, numerals in idioms can serve as subjects, objects, attributives, adverbials and so on. However, in the structure of numerals in idioms, there are many differences: the combinations of numerals, neighboring numerals used in the idioms are much richer and of greater variety in Chinese than in English. Moreover, rhetorically, both English and Chinese idioms use numerals as metaphor, hyperbole, euphemism, taboo and symbol, but in different ways for different emphasis.

Key Words:  idioms；numerals；comparison；intercultural communication

摘  要

本文研究了数词在英汉语习语中的各种功能，通过对含有数词的英汉语习语折射出的两种文化差异的了解，进1步揭示跨文化交际的重要性。本文通过对已收集大量含有数词的英汉语习语的分析，发现英汉语习语中的数词在观点、结构和修辞上有许多相同点和不同点。相同点是：在语法方面，英语和汉语中的习语都用数词来表示数量的大、小；在功能方面，英汉语习语中的数词既可充当主语、宾语，又可充当定语、状语等。不同点是：在数词结构上，汉语习语中的数字组合、邻位数的使用远比英语丰富，且具有多样性；在修辞手法上，英汉语中的数词都可用来表示形象、夸张、委婉、禁忌及象征，但其意义和重点却截然不同。
 
关键词：习语﹑数词﹑比较﹑跨文化交际

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