医学科研论文格式简明版

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医学科研论文格式简明版

　　在高校医学院和医学科研机构的学术研究和对外交流中，医学翻译和写作是必不可少的一个环节，下面是小编搜集整理的医学科研论文格式简明版，欢迎阅读查看。

医学科研论文格式简明版

　　丨标题(title)

　　丨摘要(abstract)

　　丨引言(introduction)

　　丨材料和方法(materials and methods)

　　丨结果(results)

　　丨讨论(discussion)

　　丨致谢(acknowledgement)

　　丨参考文献(references)

　　标题

　　1 要求

　　丨简明扼要(short and concise)：尽量控制在一行，但不是一个句子;不超过25个单词或120-140个字母;除DNA、RNA、CT等不用缩写。

　　丨信息丰富(informative)

　　丨便于索引(indexing)

　　丨较长标题可采用副标题

　　2 标题写作中常用词组和表达方式

　　丨用…(方法/手段)对…进行研究/分析/观察/评价：

　　丨丨Study(analysis/observation/evaluation/assessment) of (on) … by (using 方法/with工具)

　　丨A对B的作用

　　丨丨Effortof A on B

　　丨丨 Protective effect of omeprazole on endothelin-induced gastric mucosal injury

　　丨 A与B的关系

　　丨丨Correlation(relation/relationship) between A and B

　　丨丨Correlation of A with B and C

　　丨丨常用修饰词：positively/negatively/significantly/insignificantly

　　丨用…治疗…

　　丨丨Use of …in the treatment of …(病)in …(生物)

　　丨丨Use of omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer in the elderly

　　丨A是B

　　丨丨A as B

　　摘要

　　1 摘要分类

　　摘要是作者要给读者的精华，从内容上分两大类：

　　丨指示性摘要

　　丨资料性摘要

　　从结构分为三大类：

　　丨非结构式摘要

　　丨全结构式摘要

　　丨半结构式摘要

　　2 非结构式摘要

　　丨缺点：段落不明，给编辑、审稿、阅读和计算机处理带来诸多不便

　　3 全结构式摘要

　　丨八要素摘要：目的，设计，地点，对象，处理，主要测定项目，结果，结论。

　　丨优点：观点更明确，信息量更大;差错更少;符合计算机数据库建立和使用要求。

　　丨缺点：烦琐、重复、篇幅过长

　　4 半结构式摘要

　　即为四要素摘要：

　　丨目的(objective/purpose/aim)

　　丨方法(methods)

　　丨结果(results)

　　丨结论(conclusion)

　　目的

　　目的是作者想要介绍的关键问题

　　1 目的格式

　　丨单表目的

　　丨背景+目的

　　2 目的常用时态

　　丨背景：现在时(一般现在时、完成时和进行时)

　　丨目的：一般现在时/现在完成时，或一般过去时

　　举例1：To evaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric pH levels of infusions withomeprazole and H2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients.

　　举例2：The role of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacter pyloriresistance on treatment outcome are not established. This study investigatedthe role of omeprazole and influence of primary H. pylori resistance oneradication and development of secondary resistance.

　　3 介绍目的常用句型

　　主要用动词不定式to表达

　　丨直接用“to do短语”表达

　　举例：To determine if use of omeprazole protects against the gastric mucosal injury

　　丨The purpose/aim/objective/goal (of present study is) was to

　　举例：The aim ofthis study was to determine the protective function of omeprazole on gastricmucosal injury.

　　丨The present study is /was designed/devised/intended to

　　举例：The present study was designed to establish whether there might be a genetic pred is position to an altered pattern of anti-inflammatory cytokine produced inpatients with irritable bowel syndrome.

　　丨This study was performed/conducted/carried out/under taken to

　　举例：An experimental study was conducted using a canine mode to elucidate …

　　丨We aimed/sought to/attempted to

　　举例：We sought to assess whether there is an increased risk of tuberculosis among individuals who work in certain industries occupations.

　　4 介绍目的常用动词

　　丨研究：study,investigate, examine, observe, explore

　　举例：Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.

　　丨评价：evaluate,validate

　　举例：To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patientswith abdominal trauma.

　　丨确定：determine,decide, confirm, support, define, characterize

　　丨证实：prove,demonstrate, document, test, support, testify, verify

　　丨阐明、搞清：explain,elucidate, clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to theknowledge of

　　丨介绍：describe,present, report

　　丨建立：establish,develop, set out

　　丨寻找：searchfor, look for, seek, find

　　丨识别、区分：identify,differentiate, discriminate

　　丨优选：optimize

　　丨比较：compare

　　丨回顾：review

　　丨相关：correlateA with B

　　方法部分

　　丨研究设计

　　丨研究对象的特性

　　丨干预或处理方法

　　丨测定或观察方法

　　1 研究对象的选择、来源及标准

　　丨纳入研究：were entered into/enrolled in/selected (randomly)

　　举例：A total of 169 patients were included in the study, 83 of whom received……

　　丨排除或退出研究：were excluded from participation，with drew from the study due to/because to

　　举例：……Patients with significant aortic valvular diseases were excluded.

　　2 研究对象的分组

　　丨 ……were divided into/classified/grouped into

　　丨……were divided randomly/randomized into

　　丨……were divided equally into

　　举例：Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1…… Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, ……

　　3 年龄

　　丨某一年龄

　　举例：A 50-year-old patient. Patients (age 26±3 years).

　　丨在某年龄范围内及平均年龄

　　举例：Patients range in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years).

　　丨在某一年龄以上或以下

　　举例：Patients more than 50 years. Patients under/less than 50 years.

　　4 性别、时间

　　丨性别

　　twelve patients (7 male and 5 female )

　　The male-to-female ratio was 1:4

　　丨时间

　　Body weight was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks.……

　　5 诊断与治疗

　　丨诊断

　　be diagnosed as having …

　　be diagnosed as …by …/with …

　　be suspected as …

　　丨治疗

　　be treated with…(alone or in combination with …)

　　be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis

　　举例1：Patients(n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, …

　　举例2：50 patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receiveone of the four treatment regimens. …

　　结果部分

　　丨是文章结论的根据

　　丨应记录真实的科研数据

　　丨除指示性说明外，一般用过去时表示

　　常用句型

　　丨结果表明

　　丨丨The results showed / demonstrated / revealed /documented / indicated/suggested…that…;

　　丨丨It was found that…

　　举例：The results showed that high thigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate.

　　丨与…有关

　　A was related / correlated /associated with B. There was a relationship /correlation between A and B. There was a relation of A with B and C

　　举例：In sulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530, P<0.05), bodymass index (r=o.563, P<0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05)

　　丨增加或减少

　　丨丨表示数值增加的动词：increase,rise, elevate

　　丨丨表示数值增加的名词：increase,increment, elevation

　　丨丨表示数值减少的动词：decrease,reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower

　　丨丨表示数值减少的名词：decrease,decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering

　　丨丨从…增加到…，平均增加…：increasefrom …to …, with a mean/average (increase) of …

　　丨丨从…增加到…，总的增加…：increasefrom …to …, with an overall increase of …

　　丨丨增加了10%：increaseby (10%)

　　丨倍数比较

　　丨丨增加或减少3倍：increaseby 3 fold (times); a 3-fold increase

　　丨丨A是 B的3倍：A is 3 fold (times) as…as B. A is 3 fold (times) B

　　丨结果的统计学意义

　　丨丨明显不同(significant difference)

　　丨丨很明显不同(very/highly significant difference)

　　丨丨区别不明显(insignificant difference)

　　丨丨无区别(nonsignificant difference/no difference)

　　丨统计学意义常用句型

　　丨丨There was/is significant difference in…between A and B

　　丨丨The difference in …between A and B was/is significant

　　丨丨A was/is significant difference from B in …

　　丨丨No significant difference was found / observed / noted in …between A and B

　　丨“in”表示区分的性质或内容

　　举例1：There were no significant difference between treatment groups in symptoms andlung function (P>0.05).

　　举例2：Significant difference were not noted in the level of HDL cholesterol, and LDL peakparticle diameter before and after treatment.

　　结论部分

　　是作者发表观点和见解，给读者的精髓部分

　　丨归纳性说明研究结果或发现

　　丨结论性说明结果的可能原因、机理或意义

　　丨前瞻性说明未解决的问题

　　1 结论部分时态

　　丨过去时

　　a. 涉及本研究的内容

　　b. 涉及他人研究过程的内容

　　c. 作者认为只适用于本研究环境和条件的结论

　　丨现在时

　　a. 指示性说明

　　b. 普遍接受的思想、理论或结论

　　c. 作者认为本研究结论具有普遍意义

　　d. 前瞻性说明

　　举例：Our findings indicate that hepatitis C is a progressive disease [指示性说明-现在时]，butonly a few died during the average 20.4 years after the initiation of injectiondrug use [本试验过程中发生的事-过去时].Antiviral treatment to eradicate the virus and halt the progression of diseasesis indicated in this group of patients [作者认为具有普遍意义的结论-现在时].

　　2 结论部分常用句型

　　丨结果提示…

　　丨丨These results suggest that…

　　举例：These data confirm the presence of at least two major HCV genotypes in Nigeria.

　　丨结果支持或反对某种观点

　　丨丨These results support the idea that…

　　丨丨These results fail to support the idea that…

　　举例：These results do not support the idea that treatment to lower cholesterol concentration cause mood disturbance.

　　丨表示观点的确定或不确定性

　　丨丨There is no evidence that…

　　丨丨It is likely/unlikely that …

　　举例：There is no evidence that NIDDM produce any change in bone metabolism or mass.

　　丨具有…意义

　　丨丨Be of great (some/little/no) clinical significance in…to …

　　举例：The detection of p53 gene is of great clinical significance in tumor diagnosis.

　　丨前瞻性说明

　　丨丨…remainto be further studied;

　　丨丨It is remains to be proved that …

　　举例：However, the relation of insulin resistance to hypertension remains to be furtherstudied.

　　丨插入语

　　丨丨This is the first case of pancreas divisum.

　　举例：This is the first case, to our knowledge, of pancreas divisum.

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