西方国家餐桌礼仪英语
餐桌礼仪,顾名思义,就是指在吃饭用餐时在餐桌上的礼仪常识,餐饮礼仪问题可谓源远流长。以下是小编带来的西方国家餐桌礼仪,供各位参阅。
1)As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin (餐巾), pick yours up and lay it on your lap.
2)The Soup Course
Dinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. It will be beside your plate at the right-hand side.
3) The Fish Course
If there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may be a special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller.
4) The Meat Course
The main course is usually served by the host himself, especially if it is a fowl (鸡禽) or a roast which needs to be carved. He will often ask each guest what piece he prefers, and it is quite proper to state your preference as to lean or fat, dark (红肉) or light (白肉).
5) Using Knife and Fork
The English keep the fork in the left hand, point curved downward, and bring the food to the mouth either by sticking the points onto it or in the case of soft vegetables, by placing it firmly on the fork in this position with the knife. Americans carve the meat in the same position, then lay down the knife and taking the fork in the right hand with the point turned up, push it under a small piece of food without the help of the knife and bring it to the mouth right-side-up.
6) Helping Yourself and Refusing
If a servant passes food around, he will pass the dish at your left hand so that you can conveniently serve yourself with your right hand. Never serve yourself while the dish is on your right; it is then the turn of your neighbor on the right. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say: "No, thank you."
7) The Salad Course
A salad is eaten with a fork. There is usually a special one for the salad, a little smaller than the meat fork.
8) Bread and Butter
Bread is taken in the fingers and laid on the side plate or the edge of the large plate; it is never taken with a fork. Butter is taken from the butter dish with the butter knife and placed on the side plate, not on one's bread.
9) Other Things on the Table
When there are things on the middle of the table, such as bread, butter, jelly, pickles, nits, candies, you should not take any until the hostess has suggested that they be passed.
10) Leaving the Table
It is impolite for a guest to leave the table during a meal, or before the hostess gives the signal at the end. When the hostess indicates that the dinner is over, she will start to rise from her seat and all the guests rise from theirs at the same time.
拓展内容:西方餐桌礼仪常识
如何使用刀叉:
1.进餐时,餐盘在中间,那么刀子和勺子放置在盘子的右边,叉子放在左边。一般右手写字的人,饮用西餐时,很自然地用右手拿刀或勺,左手拿叉,杯子也用右手来端。
2.在桌子上摆放刀叉,一般最多不能超过三副。三道菜以上的套餐,必须在摆放的刀叉用完后随上菜再放置新的刀叉。
3.刀叉是从外侧向里侧按顺序使用(也就是说事先按使用顺序由外向里依次摆放)。
4.进餐时,一般都是左右手互相配合,即一刀一叉成双成对使用的。有些例外,喝汤时,则只是把勺子放在右边——用右手持勺。食用生牡蛎一般也是用右手拿牡蛎叉食用。
5.刀叉有不同规格,按照用途不同而决定其尺寸的大小也有区别。吃肉时,不管是否要用刀切,都要使用大号的刀。吃沙拉、甜食或一些开胃小菜时,要用中号刀。叉或勺一般随刀的大小而变。喝汤时,要用大号勺,而喝咖啡和吃冰激凌时,则用小号为宜。
6.忌讳用自己的餐具为他人来布菜。
7.不能用叉子扎着食物进口,而应把食物铲起入口。当然现在这个规则已经变得不是那么的严格。英国人左手拿叉,叉尖朝下,把肉扎起来,送入口中,如果是烧烂的蔬菜,就用餐刀把菜拨到餐叉上,送入口中,美国人用同样的方法切肉,然后右手放下餐刀,换用餐叉,叉尖朝上,插到肉的下面,不用餐刀,把肉铲起来,送入口中,吃烧烂的蔬菜也是这样铲起来吃。
8.如食用某道菜不需要用刀,也可用右手握叉,例如意大利人在吃面条时,只使用一把叉,不需要其他餐具,那么用右手来握叉倒是简易方便的。没有大块的肉要切的话,例如素食盘,只是不用切的蔬菜和副食,那么,按理也可用右手握叉来进餐。
9.为了安全起见,手里拿着刀叉时切勿指手画脚。发言或交谈时,应将刀叉放在盘上才合乎礼仪。这也是对旁边的人的一种尊重。
10.叉子和勺子可入口,但刀子不能放入口中,不管它上面是否有食物。除了礼节上的要求,刀子入口也是危险的。
西餐餐具的使用法则
中餐的餐具只有一双筷子,而西餐餐具却是琳琅满目的一整排。请放轻松,餐具摆放虽然多,但其实只是为四道菜而准备。这四道菜是前菜、汤、鱼、肉,餐厅只是将餐具一次全摆出来了而已。
喝汤的礼仪Soup
(1).西餐的汤分为清汤及浓汤,较正式的餐厅在供应清汤时使用椭圆形汤匙及汤杯,供应浓汤时使用圆形汤匙及宽口汤盘。
(2).拿汤匙的姿势是由内经外侧舀食。
(3).西餐喝汤时,不能发出声音。用汤时,不可用嘴将汤吹凉。可轻轻摇动汤使其稍凉。
(4).食用完毕后把汤匙放在靠自己身前的底盘上,或是放在盘中。将汤匙的柄放在右边,而汤匙凹陷的部份向上;汤杯与汤盘都是如此。
食用面包的.礼仪Bread
(1).面包的位置于主菜的左侧。食用时可用左手拿面包,再用右手把面包撕成小块,然后用左手拿着小面包,用右手涂抹奶油。把面包撕成小块后再涂奶。
(2).在意大利餐厅中,有时会以橄榄油取代奶油。
(3).面包切忌用刀子切割。
食用沙拉Salad
(1).色拉盘放在主菜盘的左边。
(2).美国人通常将色拉供应于主菜前,而欧洲人通常将色拉放于主菜后供应。
(3).色拉用叉子吃,如菜叶太大,可用刀在盘中切割,然后再用叉子吃。
食用鱼、虾、海鲜
1.食用半只龙虾时,应左手持叉,将虾尾叉起,右手持刀,插进尾端,压住虾壳,用叉将虾肉拖出再切食。龙虾脚可用手指撕去虾壳食之。
2.吃鱼片以吃一片切一片为原则,可用右手持叉进食,或用鱼刀。
3.食用带头尾及骨头的全鱼时,宜先将头、尾切除,再去鳍,将切下的头尾鳍放在盘子一边,再吃鱼肉。
4.去除鱼骨,要用刀叉,不能用手。若口中有鱼骨或其它骨刺,则可用手从合拢的唇间取出,放在盘子上。
5.全鱼吃完鱼的上层,切勿翻身,应用刀叉剥除龙骨再吃下层鱼肉。
6.附带的柠檬片,宜用刀叉挤汁。
食用虾、蟹时,待应都会端上一碗洗手水。
食用肉类
(1).认识牛排的熟度。
犹带血的是rare。
半生的是medium rare。
七分熟的是medium。
熟透的是welldone。
牛肉可依自己喜好熟度点餐,但猪肉及鸡肉均为全熟供应。
(2).切牛排应由外侧向内。一次未切下,再切一次,不能像拉锯子方式切,亦不要拉扯,勿发出声响,肉的大小以一口为宜。
(3).嚼食肉时,两唇合拢,不要出声。嚼肉食勿说话或以刀叉比画。
(4).吃肉时宜切一块吃一块,勿将肉全部一次切小块,会导致肉汁流失,及温度下降。
(5).烤鸡或炸鸡,在正式场合用刀叉吃。
食用水果Fruit甜点Dessert
(1).蛋糕及派、饼,用叉取食,较硬者用刀切割后,用叉取食。
(2).冰淇淋、布丁等,用匙取食。硬饼干小块的,用手取食。
(3).粒状水果如葡萄,可用手抓来吃。如需吐籽,应吐于掌中再放在碟里。
(4).多汁的水果如西瓜、柚子等,应用匙取食。
(5).西餐在吃完水果时,常上洗手钵(finger bowl),所盛的水,供洗手用。只用来洗手指,勿将整个手伸进去。
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