职称英语复习指导:派生介绍

时间:2020-12-07 15:30:11 职称英语 我要投稿

职称英语复习指导:派生介绍

职称英语复习指导:派生介绍

职称英语复习指导:派生介绍

                                                                     派生:通过加前缀或后缀构成另一个词:

                                                                (1)前缀一般不造成词类的转变,而只是引起意思上的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词:

前缀
 
意思
 
例词
 
un- 
做相**作 
unhappy uncomfortable
undressundo 
dis- 
做相**作 
dislike disagree
disinfect disconnect 
in-  不  informal inconvenient 
im-  不  impolite impossible 
non-  不  non-existent nonconductor 

                                                                   还有一些表示其他意思的前缀:  

前缀
 
意思
 
例词
 
re-  重新  retell rewrite 
co-  共同  co-exist co-operate 
super-  超级,上层  supermarket superman 
sub-  下面的  subway subdivide 
inter-  之间的`,相互  international interact 

                                                                   (2)构成名词的后缀常用的有: 

后缀
 
例词
 
-er  thinker teacher 
-or  actorsailor 
-ee  employee trustee 
-ess  actress waitress 
-ness  illness happiness 
-(a)tion  preparationdictation 
-ment  movement government 
-ing  building painting 
-ship  leadership friendship 
-hood  childhood motherhood 

                                                                   (3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有: 

后缀
 
例词
 
-ful  useful cheerful 
-less  careless homeless 
-ish  childish selfish 
-ive  active collective 
-able  acceptableagreeable 
-ible  sensible responsible 
-al  critical exceptional 
-ous  famous continuous 
-ic  realistic historic 
-en  golden wooden 

 

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