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元宵节的来历英文版
元宵节是我国的传统佳节之一，下面YJBYS小编为大家精心搜集了关于英文版的元宵节来历，欢迎大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到大家!
元宵节
lantern festival 元宵节
it comes on the 15th of the first lunar month and it marks the end of the spring festival. on this day, people often eat sweet dumplings(元宵)for good luck. they will visit the display of lanterns(灯展)or go for temple fair(庙会)
元宵节的来历 lantern festival
lantern festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. this is the first full moon of the new year, symbolizing unity and perfection. lantern festival is an important part of spring festival , and marks the official end of the long holiday.
there are many legends concerning the origins of lantern festival.
关于元宵节的来历有很多传说。
According to one legend, once in ancient times, a celestial swan came into the mortal world where it was shot down by a hunter. the jade emperor, the highest god in heaven, vowed to avenge the swan. he started making plans to send a troop of celestial soldiers and generals to earth on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, with orders to incinerate all humans and animals. but the other celestial beings disagreed with this course of action, and risked their lives to warn the people of earth. as a result, before and after the fifteenth day of the first month, every family hung red lanterns outside their doors and set off firecrackers and fireworks, giving the impression that their homes were already burning. by successfully tricking the jade emperor in this way, humanity was saved from extermination.
有一个传说是这样的，在古代，有一位神界天鹅闯入人间被猎手误杀。天界最高的神玉皇大帝因此发誓为这只天鹅报仇。他开始制定计划，派出一支天兵天将于农历正月十五来到人间，命令他们火烧所有的人和动物。但是其他神仙并不赞同这一计划，他们冒着生命危险提醒人间的人们。结果，在正月十五这一天前后，每一个家庭在门外面挂起灯笼，并燃放烟花爆竹，给天兵天将造成各家各户起火的假象。通过这种方式，人们成功骗过了玉皇大帝，人类也因此逃过灭绝的危险。
According to another legend, during the time of emperor han wudi of the han dynasty , a palace woman named yuanxiao was prevented from carrying out her filial duty of visiting her parents on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. distraught, she said she would kill herself by jumping into a well. in order to help yuanxiao fulfill her duty as a filial daughter, the scholar dongfang shuo came up with a scheme. he told emperor han wudi that the jade emperor, the highest god in heaven, had ordered the fire god to burn down the capital city of changan on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. anxious to find a way to save his city, the emperor asked dongfang shuo what he should do. dongfang shuo replied that the fire god loved red lanterns more than anything. he advised that the streets be hung with red lanterns, and the emperor, empress, concubines, and court officials come out of the palace to see them. in this way, the fire god would be distracted and disaster averted. the emperor followed dongfang shuos advice, and while everyone was out viewing the lanterns, yuanxiao was able to sneak out of the palace and be reunited with her parents.
另外一个传说发生在汉武帝时期。一位名叫元宵的宫女因身处深宫，没法在正月十五与父母团聚尽孝。为此，她欲跳井自尽。为了帮助元宵姑娘为父母尽孝，智者东方朔想出了一个计划。他告诉汉武帝，天界最高的神——玉皇大帝下令在正月十六火烧长安都。为了拯救长安城，汉武帝问东方朔该怎么办。东方朔回答说火神最爱大红灯笼。他建议在街道上悬挂大红灯笼，皇帝、皇后、六宫嫔妃和朝廷大臣都要外出观赏灯笼。这样，火神的注意力就会被分散，灾难也就可以避免了。皇帝采纳了东方朔的建议，当所有人都外出赏灯时，元宵得以有机会溜出皇宫，和家人团圆。
Although the above stories are quite fantastical, it is sure that the origins of lantern festival are related to ancient humanitys use of fire to celebrate festivals and avert disaster. since lantern festival involves making offerings to the deities and is celebrated at night, it is natural that fire would play an important role. over time, lantern festival gradually evolved into its present form. when buddhism was introduced to china during the eastern han dynasty , the emperor decreed that on the night of the full moon of the first lunar month, lanterns should be lit to honor buddha, adding yet another level of significance to lantern festival. and according to daoism, lantern festival is associated with the primordial deities of heaven and fire, who were born on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.
虽然上述的传说很神奇，但可以确定的是元宵节的起源必定跟古代人们使用火来庆祝节日、躲避灾难有关。元宵节活动包括逃避邪神，且是在晚上庆祝，所以很自然地，火就扮演了很重要的角色。随着时间的流逝，元宵节逐渐演变为今天的形式。东汉时期，佛教传入中国，皇帝下令，在正月第一个满月的晚上，必须点亮灯笼敬佛，这也使元宵节更增添了一份意义。而在道教里，元宵节是与掌管天界和火的元神紧密相连的，因为他们就诞生在正月十五。
Eating yuanxiao (sweet dumplings made with glutinous rice flour) is one of the special traditions of lantern festival. lantern festival is also called yuanxiao festival. another name for yuanxiao is tangyuan, which literally means "boiled spheres."
吃元宵(有糯米粉制成的甜馅儿食物)是元宵节一个特别传统，而元宵节也因这种食物得名。元宵的另一种叫法是汤圆，字面意思就是“煮熟的圆球状食品”。
Festive folklore
Moon cakes, also known as moon group, harvest cake, palace cake and reunion cake, are tributes to the moon god in ancient Mid-Autumn Festival. Moon cakes were originally used as offerings to worship the moon god. Later, people gradually regarded the Mid-Autumn Festival as a symbol of family reunion. Moon cakes symbolize a happy reunion. People regard them as holiday food, and use them to worship the moon and give them to relatives and friends. Historically, eating moon cakes is not an indispensable activity of Mid-Autumn Festival, and there were no moon cakes specially made for Mid-Autumn Festival in Tang and Song Dynasties. However, since the appearance of Mid-Autumn Moon Cake in Ming Dynasty, it has become a necessary part of Mid-Autumn custom. The original moon cakes originated from the food of Zhu Jie, an army in the Tang Dynasty. During Tang Gaozus reign, the general Li Jing conquered the Turks by the hidden message of moon cakes, and won the victory on August 15th. Since then, eating moon cakes has become an annual custom. The writers of the Song Dynasty were thorough, and the name of "moon cake" was first mentioned in "Old Things in Wulin", which described what Lin an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, saw. In the Ming Dynasty, eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival gradually spread among the people. At that time, ingenious bakers printed the Goddess Change flying to the moons fairy tales on mooncakes as food art drawings, making mooncakes a necessary food for the Mid-Autumn Festival. Up to now, eating moon cakes has become a necessary custom for Mid-Autumn Festival in northern and southern parts of China. On this day, people eat moon cakes to show "reunion".
Traditional festivals in China have the characteristics of valuing human relations and attaching importance to family ties, and the reunion of relatives and the prosperity of people are the blessings during festivals. Among them, two festivals are more prominent in emphasizing family reunion, one is the Spring Festival and the other is the Mid-Autumn Festival. Since the Mid-Autumn Festival in the Tang Dynasty, the full moon has been associated with human reunion. With the changes of the times, the theme of human reunion has become more and more prominent and important. This theme is closely related to the fact that the Mid-Autumn Festival originated from the full moon, which can be regarded as a feature of the Mid-Autumn Festival, and it is poetic because of its connection with the bright moon. If folks have children outside and cant go home for reunion on this day, both parents and children will feel particularly sorry. In modern society, when it is difficult for people to reunite with their loved ones, they often call back or send letters to greet them. In the past, in addition to family reunion, friends also had the custom of gathering to enjoy the moon and exchange poems.
Send gifts to each other
Since the Ming Dynasty, there have been activities of exchanging moon cakes and melons and fruits in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Now, this custom is more popular and has evolved into an unrestricted exchange of gifts in the name of festivals. Giving gifts to each other is a kind of beautiful custom, which embodies thegoodintentions andgoodmorality of caring for each other, respecting the elderly and loving the young, and is also an important way to close interpersonal relationships and express inner feelings.
Universal custom
Enjoy the moon (play with the moon)
Folk Mid-Autumn Festival activities began in Wei and Jin Dynasties, but they did not become a habit. The custom of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival was formally formed in the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, it was quite popular to enjoy and play with the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and many poets wrote poems about the moon in their masterpieces. Ouyang Zhan in the Tang Dynasty said in the preface to the poem "Playing with the Moon": "The moon can be played, playing with the moon is ancient. Xie Fu Bao Shi, in front of the pavilion, in the bright building, all play with the moon ... "The legend of Tang Ming Emperor visiting the Moon Palace on the Mid-Autumn Festival night and watching the fairy dance" is the epitome of the custom of playing with the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, playing with the moon was also very common among the people. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, in order to enjoy the bright moon, the rich build their own colorful buildings, and the poor gather in restaurants. Good tourists climb to the top of the mountain or go boating on the water. Scholars write poems, artists talk about the past, drink and sing songs for entertainment, and often stay up all night and enjoy the moon. In the Song Dynasty, a Mid-Autumn Festival centered on the activities of appreciating the moon was formed and officially designated as the Mid-Autumn Festival. Wu Zimu in the Southern Song Dynasty once described the scene of playing with the moon in Hangzhou at that time in Dream Liang Lu: "Wang Suns son, a rich family, has to climb a dangerous building and play with the moon on the porch." Or open a wide pavilion, feast and list, harp and harp sonorous, drink and sing, to predict the joy of the evening. Even if its a house with a mat, its also a small platform to arrange family dinners and group children to reward the festival. Although the poor people in the mean streets are poor, they are reluctant to waste their time. This night, the street sells and buys until the five drums, playing with tourists on the moon, dancing in the city, and never stopping. " Appreciating the moon was the main custom of Mid-Autumn Festival in Tang and Song Dynasties, and it declined after Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to ancient literature, when the Mid-Autumn Festival was just formed, enjoying the moon was a matter for literati and citizens, but the activities of farmers enjoying the moon were not recorded. In modern times, there are various ways to enjoy the moon in Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition to the traditional moon-watching postures such as climbing high and boating, there are also new ways to enjoy the moon, such as ferris wheel, flying, camping and live broadcast.
After the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the still-to-be-finished moon-watching performance was "Chasing the Moon". The so-called "chasing the moon" means inviting friends and relatives to continue to enjoy the moon on the night after the Mid-Autumn Festival. According to the preface of Lingnan Miscellaneous Notes by Chen Zihou, a Qing dynasty, "Good people in central Guangdong gather in Izayoi in August to treat wine and dishes and enjoy the moon, which is called chasing the moon."
appreciate the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival
celebrate a bumper harvest
Mid-August is the harvest season, when new grain is put into storage and melons and fruits are on the market. It is natural to worship God with these new grain and fruits as offerings in the past. Thank the gods for their gifts and pray for agoodharvest in the coming year. After the custom of worship of gods weakened and even disappeared, the connotation of this custom evolved into celebrating the harvest. At least in many rural areas, people must prepare rich meals on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, eat enough, and prepare a lot of fresh melons and fruits for their families to eat enough, which means celebrating after the harvest. In the past, the Mid-Autumn Festival in Qingyun rural area of Shandong Province was dedicated to the earth valley, which was called "Young Miao Society". Qingcheng rural areas also have the custom of resigning from crops first. Farmers in Taiwan Province also worship the landowner in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and "the landowners crutch" in the field. This crutch is to put "the landowners gold" in bamboo, that is, paper money for the landowner.
Game entertainment
Based on the Mid-Autumn Festival customs in various places, there are a variety of games and entertainment activities, such as walking on the moon, visiting night markets, garden parties, setting off fireworks, burning pagoda lights, setting off Kongming lanterns, watching lantern festivals, solve riddles on the lanterns, swinging, dragon dancing, cake-making, playing with rabbits, singing the moon, watching flower exhibitions and performing arts. Different from reunion and eating moon cakes in their respective families, most of them are activities in public places, which is also an essential part of large-scale festivals, rendering the festive atmosphere of the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is both lively and powerful.
Solve riddles on the lanterns: There are many lanterns hanging in public places on the Mid-Autumn Festival full moon night. People gather together to guess the riddles written on the lanterns. Because they are the favorite activities of most young men and women, love stories are also heard in these activities. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival solve riddles on the lanterns is also derived from a form of love between men and women.
solve lantern riddles; guess riddles on hanging lanterns
Playing with lanterns: There is no large lantern festival like Lantern Festival in Mid-Autumn Festival, and playing with lanterns is mainly between families and children. As early as the Northern Song Dynasty, in the Old Wulin Story, it was recorded that the Mid-Autumn Festival was a custom, and there was an activity of "putting a little red lamp into the river to drift and play". Playing lanterns in the Mid-Autumn Festival is mostly concentrated in the south. For example, at the autumn festival in Foshan, there are all kinds of colored lights: sesame lights, eggshell lights, wood shavings lights, straw lights, fish scales lights, chaff lights, melon seeds lights, birds, animals, flowers and trees lights, etc.
Mid-autumn lantern
Enjoy osmanthus and drink osmanthus wine: people often eat moon cakes to enjoy osmanthus in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and eat all kinds of foods made of osmanthus, among which cakes and sweets are the most common. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the osmanthus in the middle of the month, smelling the Gui Xiang, drinking a cup of osmanthus wine and celebrating the sweetness of the family have become a beautiful enjoyment of the festival. In modern times, people mostly take red wine instead.
节日民俗
月饼，又叫月团、丰收饼、宫饼、团圆饼等，是古代中秋祭拜月神的贡品。月饼最初是用来祭奉月神的供品，后来人们逐渐把中秋赏月与品尝月饼，作为家人团圆的一大象征。月饼象征着大团圆，人们把它当作节日食品，用它祭月、赠送亲友。从历史上看，吃月饼并不是中秋节不可缺少的活动，唐宋时期就没有专门为中秋而制作的月饼可吃。但自明朝出现中秋月饼之后，它就成为中秋习俗的必要组成部分。最初的月饼，起源于唐朝军队祝捷食品。唐高祖年间，大将军李靖征讨突厥靠月饼隐蔽的传话得胜，八月十五日凯旋，此后，吃月饼成为每年的习俗。宋代的文学家周密，在记叙南宋都城临安见闻的《武林旧事》中首次提到“月饼”之名称。明代，中秋吃月饼在民间逐渐流传。当时心灵手巧的饼师，把嫦娥奔月的神话故事作为食品艺术图案印在月饼上，使月饼成为更受人民青睐的中秋佳节的必备食品。发展至今，吃月饼已经是中国南北各地过中秋节的必备习俗，中秋节这天人们都要吃月饼以示“团圆”。
中国传统节日有贵人伦、重亲情的特点，过节以亲人团聚、人丁兴旺为福。其中又有两个节日在强调亲人团聚方面更加突出，一个是春节，一个是中秋节。自唐朝中秋节产生的时代起，就将月圆与人间团圆联系起来。随着时代的变迁，人间团圆的主题越来越突出、重要。这一主题是跟中秋节源于月圆密切相关的，可以看作中秋节的一个特色，而且由于跟明月联系起来而富于诗意。民间如果这天有儿女在外，不能回家团圆，家长和儿女双方都会觉得特别遗憾。现代社会人们与亲人团圆难以如愿时，也多会打回电话或书信问候。过去除了家人团聚，朋友也有聚会赏月、交流诗文等习俗。
互送礼品
从明代开始，就有了中秋节互送月饼、瓜果的活动。现在，这种习俗更加盛行，并演变为没有局限性的，以节日的名义互送礼物。互送礼品是一种美俗，它体现的是人与人之间的互相关心、互相尊重、敬老爱幼等美好心意和优良品德，也是密切人际关系、表达内心情感的重要方式。
普遍习俗
赏月（玩月）
民间中秋赏月活动约始魏晋时期，但未成习。中秋赏月风俗正式形成于唐代。唐代，中秋赏月、玩月颇为盛行，许多诗人的名篇中都有咏月的诗句。唐代欧阳詹在《玩月》诗序中说：“月可玩，玩月，古也。谢赋鲍诗，朓之亭前，亮之楼中，皆玩月也……”《唐逸史》等书中记载的唐明皇中秋之夜游览月宫、观看仙女跳“霓裳羽衣舞”的传说，就是唐朝宫廷中秋玩月习俗的缩影。当时在民间，玩月也很普遍。中秋之夜，为赏玩明月，富者多自搭彩楼，贫者多集于酒楼，好游者或登高于山顶，或泛舟于水上，文人赋诗，艺人说古，饮酒欢歌，唱酬娱乐，往往通宵达旦，极尽玩月之欢。宋代，形成了以赏月活动为中心的中秋民俗节日，正式定为中秋节。南宋吴自牧在《梦粱录》中曾这样描绘当时杭州城中的玩月情景：“王孙公子，富家巨室，莫不登危楼，临轩玩月。或开广榭，玳筵罗列，琴瑟铿锵，酌酒高歌，以卜竟夕之欢。至如铺席之家，亦登小小月台，安排家宴，团圞子女，以酬佳节。虽陋巷贫窭之人，解衣市酒，勉强迎欢，不肯虚度。此夜天街卖买，直至五鼓，玩月游人，婆娑于市，至晓不绝。”赏月在唐宋时期是中秋节的主要习俗，明清以后此习俗衰退。从古代文献来看，中秋节刚形成的时候，赏月就是文人和市民的事情，农民赏月的活动没见记载。现代，中秋赏月方式多样化，除登高望月、泛舟赏月等传统的赏月姿势外，又诞生了摩天轮赏月、坐飞机赏月、露营赏月、直播赏月等赏月新方式。
过了农历八月十五，兴犹未尽的赏月演为“追月”。所谓“追月”，即是于中秋节次日的晚上，邀约亲朋好友，继续赏月。据清人陈子厚《岭南杂事钞》序云：“粤中好事者，于八月十六夜，集亲朋治酒肴赏月，谓之追月。”
中秋赏月
庆丰收
八月中旬正是丰收的季节，新粮进仓，瓜果上市，过去用这些新粮新果作供品敬神是很自然的事，感谢神灵的恩赐，祈祷来年好收成。在神灵崇拜习俗衰弱以至消失之后，这个习俗的内涵演变为庆祝丰收。至少在许多乡村，人们在中秋节的夜晚一定要准备丰盛的饭菜，吃得很饱，准备很多新鲜的瓜果让家里人吃个够，有丰收后纵情欢庆的意思。山东庆云农村过去中秋节要祭土谷，叫做“青苗社”；青城农村还有辞先稼的习俗。台湾农民也在中秋节祭拜土地公，并在田间插“土地公拐杖”，这种拐杖就是在竹子里夹上“土地公金”即给土地公的纸钱。
游戏娱乐
综合各地的中秋节俗，游戏娱乐的活动丰富多彩，可谓五花八门，如走月亮、逛夜市、游园会、放烟花、燃宝塔灯、放孔明灯、看灯会、猜灯谜、荡秋千、舞龙、会饼、玩兔爷、歌会（唱月亮）、看花展、文艺演出等。与在各自家庭里的团聚、吃月饼不同，它们大都是在公共场所进行的活动，这也是大型节日的必要组成部分，渲染了中秋节的节日氛围，既热闹又很有声势。
猜灯谜：中秋月圆夜在公共场所挂着许多灯笼，人们都聚集在一起，猜灯笼身上写的谜语，因为是大多数年轻男女喜爱的活动，同时在这些活动上也传出爱情佳话，因此中秋猜灯谜也被衍生了一种男女相恋的形式。
猜灯谜
玩花灯：中秋没有像元宵节那样的大型灯会，玩灯主要只是在家庭、儿童之间进行的。早在北宋《武林旧事》中，记载中秋夜节俗，就有‘将“一点红”灯放入江中漂流玩耍的活动。中秋玩花灯，多集中在南方。如佛山秋色会上，就有各种各式的彩灯：芝麻灯、蛋壳灯、刨花灯、稻草灯、鱼鳞灯、谷壳灯、瓜籽灯及鸟兽花树灯等。
中秋花灯
赏桂花、饮桂花酒：人们经常在中秋时吃月饼赏桂花，食用桂花制作的各种食品，以糕点、糖果最为多见。中秋之夜，仰望着月中丹桂，闻着阵阵桂香，喝一杯桂花蜜酒，欢庆合家甜甜蜜蜜，已成为节日一种美的享受。到了现代，人们多是拿红酒代替。
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