托福TPO17综合写作范文及材料原文

托福TPO17综合写作范文及材料原文

　　新托福TPO17综合写作阅读材料就鸟类的减少列举出了几个原因，听力材料就这些原因一一进行了反驳，要求大家根据材料写一篇作文。下面是小编整理的材料原文和作文范文，欢迎阅读!

　　新托福TPO17综合写作范文：

　　The reading and listening materials have a conflict of opinions about the birds population in US. The writer believes that it will continue to shrink, which is contradicted by the following lecture.

　　First, the writer claims that the increasing humans population will lead to the disappearance of birds habitats while the speaker views this issue from an opposite angle. According to her, although the urban development is harmful to some types of birds, it provides larger and better protection for other species. For example, the number of some birds like seagulls and pigeons grow in suburbs.

　　Secondly, the author states that the agricultural activities will have destructive impacts on birds habitats. However, the lecture opposes this claim by saying that the land used for agriculture is decreasing every year. It is because more productive crops have been invented and more crops will be harvested in unit land. Thus there is no need to destroy the wilderness area.

　　Lastly, the passage argues that the pesticides will contaminate the birds food and water, killing more birds. By contrast, in accordance with the professor, this viewpoint does not hold water. The reason is that much less poisoned/toxic pesticides and the genetically pest-resistant crops are developed, which dont harm birds at all.

　　新托福TPO17综合写作阅读材料：

　　In the past century, the steady growth of the human population and the corresponding increasing in agriculture and pesticide use have caused much harm to wildlife in the United States – birds in particular. Unfortunately for birds, these trends are likely to continue, with the result that the number of birds in the United States will necessarily decline.

　　在过去的一个世界，人类数量的增加以及随之而来的农业生产的发展和杀虫剂的增加使得很多美国的野生动物受到了影响，而这种问题在鸟类上表现得更为明显。更加不幸的是，由于人口数量、农业生产和杀虫剂使用的趋势不会改变，美国的鸟类数量将会必然地随之下降。

　　First, as human populations and settlements continue to expand, birds’ natural habitats will continue to disappear. Forests, wetlands, and grasslands will give way to ever more homes, malls, and offices. As the traditional areas suitable for birds keep decreasing, so will the size of the birds’ populations that depend on those vanishing habitats.

　　首先，随着人口数量和居住面积的不断扩张，鸟类天然的栖息地持续地减少。森林、湿地和草原都变成的住宅、商场和写字楼。随着那些传统的适宜鸟类栖息的地方持续减少，失去赖以生存栖息地的鸟类，数量自然是减少的。

　　Second, agricultural activities must increase to keep pace with the growing human population. The growth of agriculture will also result in the further destruction of bird habitats as more and more wilderness areas are converted to agricultural use. As a result, bird populations in rural areas will continue to decline.

　　第二，为了能够满足增长的人口数量，农业活动也必须随之增加。农业的增加的代价是进一步破坏鸟类的栖息地，越来越多的荒地变成了农业用地。因而，鸟类在乡村的数量也随之持续减少。

　　Third, as human settlements expand and agriculture increases, the use of chemical pesticides will also increase. Pesticides are poisons designed to kill agricultural and home garden pests, such as insects, but inevitable, pesticides get into the water and into the food chain for birds where they can harm birds. Birds that eat the poisoned insects or drink contaminated water can die as a result, and even if pesticides do not kill birds outright, they can prevent them from reproducing successfully. So, pesticides have significantly contributed to declines in bird population, and because there will continue to be a need to control agricultural pests in the future, this decline will continue.

　　第三，随着人类居住地的扩展和农业的发展，化学农药的使用也增加了。农药是用来杀死诸如昆虫之类的生长在农田或者菜园的害虫的有毒物质。不可避免的是，这些农药会进入水系和食物链，进而伤害鸟类。鸟类会吃被毒死的昆虫或者喝污染了的水。这样会导致鸟类的死亡，即便不会不会导致鸟类的立刻死亡，也会影响鸟类的繁殖。所以，杀虫剂会对鸟类的数量有非常严重的影响。同时，因为即便是在将来，还是需要杀虫剂来控制农业害虫，所以，鸟类数量减少的趋势难以改变。

　　新托福TPO17综合写作听力材料：

　　The passage claims that there will be fewer and fewer birds, but the arguments used to support this claim are unconvincing.

　　阅读文章声称鸟类的数量会越来越小，但是所使用的理由都是没有说服力的。

　　First, it’s true that urban growth has been bad for some types of birds, but urban development actually provides better and larger habitats for other types. So much so, that city and suburban dwellers often complain about increased bird populations – seagulls at landfills, pigeons on the streets and so on. Even birds like hawks and falcons can now be found in cities, where they prey on the increasing populations of pigeons and rodents. So, it’s not going to be a story of uniform decline of bird populations in the future. Some populations may shrink, but others will grow.

　　首先，确实城市的发展对于一些鸟类是不利的，但是城市的发展事实上也为其他的鸟类提供了更大更好的栖息地。这样发展，城市的居民常常抱怨鸟类数量过多：堆填区的海鸥，大街上的鸽子，等等等等。甚至那些不常出现在城市里的鸟类，比如鹰类也出现在城市，这是因为他们可以捕捉数量不断增加的鸽子和啮齿类动物。所以，将来不会是所有鸟类的数量都在减少。有一些的数量在减少，但是其他的在增加。

　　As for agriculture, it’s true that it too will increase in the future, but not in the way assumed by the reading passage. The truth is, in the United States, less and less land is being used for agriculture every year. Increases in agricultural production have resulted from and will continue to result from the introduction of new, more productive varieties of crops. These new crops produce more food per unit of land, and as a result, there’s no need to destroy wilderness areas.

　　对于农业来说，确实需求会越来越大，但是农业的增长并不是以阅读所提及的方式实现的。在美国，实际上用在农业领域的土地每年都在减少。农产品产量的增加是因为引进了新的、产量更高的农作物品种，而这种趋势将会持续。这些新的农作物有更高的亩产量，因而，就没有必要破坏原有荒地用作农耕了。

　　And third, while it’s certainly true that traditional pesticides have been destructive to birds, it’s incorrect to project this history into the future. Now that, people are aware of the possible consequences of traditional pesticides, two changes have occurred. First, new and much less toxic pesticides have been developed, and that’s important. Second, and perhaps more importantly, there is a growing trend to develop more pest resistant crops, crops that are genetically designed to be unattractive to pests. Pest resistant crops greatly reduce the need for chemical pesticides, and best of all, pest resistant crops don’t harm birds at all.

　　第三，尽管传统的杀虫剂的确会给鸟类带来损害，但是用过去推测未来的想法是站不住脚的。现在人们已经意识到了传统杀虫剂可能带来的危害，因而采取了两个措施。首先，已经研究出了新型的、毒性更小的杀虫剂，这是很重要的一个改变。而第二点可能是更为重要的，就是现在正在研究能够抵抗虫害的作物。通过设计，使得农作物在基因上具有不吸引害虫的能力。抗虫害作物能够极大的减少对化学杀虫剂的需求。更为重要的是，抗虫害作物对鸟类是完全无害的。

　　托福TPO 17综合写作范文

　　The passage claims that bird populations will continue to decrease in the United States, while the lecture argues that those supporting arguments are unconvincing.

　　In the first place, the author asserts that the number of birds will decline because of less natural habitats caused by human settlements. In contrast, the speaker believes that some bird populations will decline but others will grow. Urban development can provide larger and better habitats for some types of birds, such as seagulls and pigeons, so their populations and even the populations of hawks and falcons that prey on pigeons will increase.

　　Besides, the reading passage states that more agricultural activities will also lead to the decline of bird populations by converting wilderness areas into agricultural use. However, this is contradicted by the listening that wilderness areas will not decline because less land will be needed. The new and more productive crops will improve agricultural production by producing more food per unit of land.

　　Finally, the writer points out that the use of chemical pesticides will kill birds or prevent their reproduction, thus causing the decline of bird population in the future, while the professor claims that birds will not continue to suffer from pesticides in the future because of two changes. First, less toxic pesticides are developed; second, pest-resistant crops will be developed and will reduce the need for pesticides. Thus, birds will not be harmed.

　　托福TPO 17独立写作范文

　　The prosperity of mass media today contributes to the prevalence and frequency of advertisements in people’s daily life. Though there is no denying that advertisements present us with a lot of useful information to guide our purchase , advertisements, at the same time, tend to make products seem much better than they really are by emphasizing the good features only and inviting celebrities to help promotion.

　　To begin with, advertisements make products seem better by only highlighting their merits. Since advertisements are opportunities for companies to introduce their products to the public so as to attract potential customers and stimulate purchase, advertisers will spare no effort to demonstrate how wonderful their products are. Thus, it is natural and quite common for advertisers to underline how fancy their products are, what makes their products superior to others’, and why people need their products. For instance, the advertisements of iPhone X emphasize its wireless charging ability supported by the glass material it uses. Yet, in fact, the fragility of the glass and cost of fixing often trouble customers in daily life. Likewise, real-estate advertisers usually show that those who buy their houses will enjoy convenient transportations, big shopping malls and nearby schools, but they avoid telling us how the real traffic situation in the rush hour is, when the construction of malls can be finished or whether the schools are good enough. Therefore, with all these merits being displayed and shortcomings never being mentioned, products in advertisements seem much better than they really are in audience’s eyes.

　　Additionally, the endorsement from celebrities in the advertisement renders the products much better. Generally speaking, among multifarious advertisements, celebrity branding is widely adopted by companies, especially fashion or beauty brands. Those celebrity endorsers who can easily reach a wider audience will attract public attention, making customers believe that once they own the endorsed products they will also have pleasant using experience. The advertisement of Chanel No.5 perfume is a case in point. The supermodel endorser, Gisele Bundchen, is so charming and gorgeous that thousands of women who desire for charm pay for this perfume without a second thought even though this perfume might not be suitable or cost-effective. Hence, audience will naturally think the products are good not because they have good using experience but just because their idols or some famous people with positive images promote those products in advertisements.

　　In summary, given that advertisers tend to take advantage of celebrities’ influence and avoid all shortcomings of the products, they easily beautify their products.

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