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PETS作文论说文模板
论说文是直接说明事理、阐发见解、宣示主张的文章。它的中心在于“事理”“见解”“主张”，它的表达方式主要是议论，这些都是和记叙文相区别的。
(一) 对立观点式
(1)给出两个对立的事物或者一个事物对立的两个方面，要求考生支持一方并进行说明。 具体表述如下：
TOPIC: Some people like A; others like B. Which one do you prefer -- A or B? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.
(2)给出两个对立事物或一个事物对立的两个方面，要求考生说明二者为什么不同或比较它们的优缺点，并给出理由。 具体表述如下：
TOPIC: Some people believe that A while others consider B more appropriate. Give advantages and disadvantages of the two positions and explain which position you support.
对立观点式的三种模板：
1.人们往往看到B的明显优点而忽视了它的缺点，同时A的内在优势没有被重视。
第一段：To choose A or to choose B is something of a dilemma to the public ause they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B while neglect the genuinely good aspects of A.
第二段：[For B, people are often driven to believe that / It is quite easy for common people to CHOOSE B because of the obvious reason that] ____________. (As a proverb says, "Everything has two sides".) Although B does have its seemingly profound advantages, in the meantime [there lie [harmful characteristics/ intrinsic drawbacks] in it such as ____________ / it can be achieved only conditionally because____________] . Some [people/experts] [maintain/warn] that____________. However, it is often overlooked [by the public/most people]. (Therefore we have no complete evidence to suggest that B is always better than A.)
第三段： Unfortunately, the innate quality of A is often underestimated.
或：What is more, if you notice the invisible benefits of CHOOSING A, you can understand A more deeply. Here I would explain a few of the most important reasons for choosing A. 第一点原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。(列举原因的句式见最后的"通用句型")
第四段：Therefore from what we have discussed, we may safely come to the conclusion that CHOOSING AAA is a rather wise decision.
2.选A还是选B的确是一个热门话题，我们来研究一下，A比B至少有三大优势：1，2，3。
第一段：There is no denying the fact that ____________(whether it is better to choose A or B) is a popular topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________/by people across the world/ in a modern society].
或：There is no denying the fact that ____________(whether it is better to choose A or B) is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (because it affects everybody in his or her daily lives).
或：In a modern society, people are always faced with the dilemma of whether to choose A or B. This problem is a much-debated one in that it affects everybody in his or her daily lives.
或：(如果是针对某一事件的题目，不是什么popular topic)If ____________(it is announced that a new movie theater may be built ____________), I will not be surprised to see ____________ (whether it is better to choose A or B) become a popular topic which is much talked about not only by ____________, but also by ____________. Although it seems that [sometimes we can not tell which one outweigh the other between A and B / they normally coexist peacefully], they deserve some close examination. [If three criteria were taken into account in comparing these two, I would prefer A. / As far as I am concerned, I vote for the latter]. There are no less than three advantages in A as rendered below:
第二段 第一点原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。
第三段 In conclusion, (it must be explained that these three reasons sometimes intertwine to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any one of them.) Only these three reasons are enough to make a person draw the conclusion that ____________ , not to mention there are more.
3.选A还是选B的确是一个热门话题，我们来研究一下，二者各有优势，不过我来选的话，A的优点还是比B多。
第一段前两句同2，第三句
While both the two [methods/choices] may have their advantages and disadvantages, they can be applied under different circumstances. Later on, I will explain my opinion about it.
第二段：[A has the obvious advantage that / One very strong argument for A is that] ____________. But there lies intrinsic harmful characteristic in this method. Some [people/experts] [maintain/warn] that____________ Furthermore, ____________. Therefore we have no complete evidence to suggest that A is always better than B.
第三段：On the other hand, choosing B also has advantages to some extent, For example, ____________. However, once again, it is important to see that under certain circumstances B will____________(disadvantage)
或：Yet there are some people who cast serious doubts on B
或：Although B does have its seemingly profound [advantages/ reason],in the meantime[there lie intrinsic [harmful characteristics/drawbacks] in it such as ________________________ / it can be achieved only conditionally because____________].
第四段：(针对我个人的情况又可以说出一套理由)But if all these factors are contemplated, [as far as I am concerned / according to my knowledge], the advantages of A carry more weight than those of B because A fits [me/us students] better in two ways: In the first place, ____________, In the second place/secondly,____________Therefore from what we have discussed, we may safely come to the conclusion that choosing A is a rather wise decision.
或：(我个人的情况说不出什么新的理由，只好说我觉得A优点就是比B多)
It seems very difficult for us to prefer one to another because all of them have their advantages and disadvantages to the extent that it is hard to distinguish. Yet that does not mean that they are all the same to me. Which one I prefer depends on my own experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________]. [As far as I am concerned / According to my personality and fondness/ To be frank], I would like to choose A, because there are too many benefits that outnumber its disadvantages not to choose it. B, on the other hand, has advantages no more than its disadvantages.
(二)单一观点式
两种形式：
(1)给出一个论点，此论点不包括两种事物的比较，要求考生支持或反对并给出理由。
具体表述如下：
TOPIC: Do you ae or disagree with the following statement? AAA. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
(2)给出一个论点，主要是对两个事物进行比较的陈述，要求考生支持或反对并给出理由。
具体表述如下：
TOPIC: A is superior to B. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Use specific reasons to support your point of view.
注：在模板中用A、B表示相比较的两个事物，这种形式与对立观点式有着很大的相似之处，考生可以进行适当的借鉴。
(2)可以使用对立观点式的模板。(1)的两种模板如下：
1.disagree这个问题的确是个热门话题，支持的人的理由是____________，但是它的错误在于____________。
第一段：There is no denying the fact that ____________(if one should ____________ /if ____________ is right) is a hot topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________ /by people across the world/ in a modern society].
或：There is no denying the fact that ____________(if one should ____________ /if ____________ is right) is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (ause it affects everybody in his or her daily lives).
或：There is no denying the fact that ____________(if one should ____________ /if ____________ is right) is a basic (moral/philosophical) problem that can not be circumvented by anybody,( because the opinion on this problem will determine one’s attitude toward the world and the life).
或：(如果是针对某一事件的题目，不是什么popular topic)If ____________(it is announced
that a new movie theater may be built ____________), I will not be surprised to see ____________ (whether the plan should be supported or opposed) become a popular topic which is much talked about not only by ____________, but also by ____________. Before rendering my opinion, I think it is important to take a glance at the arguments on both sides.
第二段：People who support AAA usually give (some, even all of) the following reasons. 第一点 原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。
第三段：At the first glance, the opinion saying yes to the above question perhaps sounds reasonable and appealing. Nevertheless, [many people do not think this view can hold water / we can find that it presents us with numerous negative effects along with its benefits.]
或：Although ____________(the opinion in question) does have its seemingly profound [advantages/reasons], in the meantime [there lie intrinsic [harmful characteristics /drawbacks/faults] in [it/this method] such as ____________ / it can be achieved only conditionally because____________].
Some [people/experts] [maintain/warn] that____________. Unfortunately, it is often overlooked by [the public/most people]. (Therefore we have no complete evidence to conclude that the statement is right.) What is more, ____________
第四段：In a word, despite the fact that the argument I disagree does hold a little bit of water, I think that____________
2.Agree或disagree都可以用。这个问题的确是个热门话题，乍一看不好说，不能仓促下结论，但是我同意/不同意它，至少有3条理由：1，2，3。(下面是按agree写的，容易改为disagree的模板)
第一段
第一句同1 ，第二句:
At first glance it seems very difficult for us to draw a [definite/quick] conclusion that ____________ is right or wrong, [because it has both advantages and disadvantages / since everything has two sides]. However, after serious considerations we can see that under most circumstances ____________(this approach) [will do more good than harm / is a rather wise viewpoint].
或：As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion. However, it is unfair to draw a quick conclusion without serious considerations. There are no less than [three advantages in A/three reasons to agree with the opinion] as rendered below:
第二段 第一点原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。
第三段 In conclusion, (it must be explained that these three reasons sometimes intertwine to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any one of them.) Only these three reasons can make [a person/me] draw the conclusion that _____________ , not to mention there are more.
(三)选择观点式
具体表述如下：
TOPIC: In order to do XXX, there are many ways: A, B, C, D. Which do you choose? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.
注：在模板中用大写XXX表示一件事情，A，B，C，D代表做此事所用的不同方法。
1.面对这么多选择很难作出抉择，但是只考虑我个人的喜好，我选A，选A至少有三条好处：1,2,3。所以我得出结论A好。当然，这仅限于我。
第一段:
With so many choices it seems very difficult for us to prefer one to another ause all of them have their advantages( and disadvantages) to the extent that it is hard to distinguish. Yet that does not mean they are all the same to me. Which one I prefer depends on my own experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________]. To be frank, I would prefer A if personal quality is considered as a criterion to choose things. (However, it is unfair to draw a quick conclusion without serious onsiderations.) There are no less than three advantages in A as rendered below:
第二段:
第一点原因。第二点原因。第三点原因。
第三段:
In conclusion, (it must be noted that these three reasons sometimes intertwine to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any one of them.) Only these three reasons can make me draw the conclusion that ______________ , not to mention there are more ([reasons/advantages of A] that can account for my fondness for it). (Anyway, it is confined to me, and different persons can make different choices according to their personality and fondness.)
(四)分析列举式
具体表述如下：
人们喜欢参观博物馆，分析一下都有什么原因? 你认为一个好邻居应该有哪些品质?有人搬到你们城市，你认为他会对这个城市有些什么看法?
两种模板：
1._________的确是一个值得探讨的话题。不同的人有不同的看法，有的认为______，有的认为____________，还有的认为____________我认为最重要的一点是____________.
第一段：
There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a hot topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________ /by people across the world/ in a modern society].
或：There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (because it affects everybody in his or her daily lives).
或：There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a basic (moral/philosophical) problem that can not be circumvented by anybody,( because the opinion on this problem will determine one’s attitude toward the world and the life).
或：(如果是针对某一事件的题目，不是什么popular topic)____________(Why people visit museums) is a interesting question that deserves careful investigation not only by_______________(museum managers), but also by ____________(visitors themselves). People with different experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________] differ atly in their attitudes toward this [problem /question]. Some people hold the opinion that ____________. Others, [however/on the contrary], maintain that ____________. Still others, convinced by the view that ____________, argue that ____________. According to them,____________. But as far as I am concerned, I consider the [chief reason/ most important quality] is ____________. And here are three reasons that I’d like to point out.
第二段：第一点第二点第三点
第三段：
In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main opinions on ____________ hold by [common/most] people. But my idea is that ____________________, and I sincerely believe that it is right.
2.____________的确是一个值得探讨的话题。人们看法比较一致，第一第二第三。我认为最重要的一点是____________
第一段:
第一句同1。第二句：
Somewhat surprisingly, people with different experience, life style and [emotional concerns / educational background/____________] share similar attitudes toward this [problem/question]. They usually [give some, even all of the following reasons / consider some, even all of the following points [important/ necessary / desirable /advisable] ].
第二段：
第一点第二点第三点
第三段：In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main [reasons /desirable qualities /____________] of ____________. But as far as I am concerned, I consider the [ chief reason/ most important quality] is ____________.
或：In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main opinions on ____________ hold by [common/most] people. But in my point of view, ____________ has more advantages than disadvantages under most circumstances.
通用句型：(并不固定在某个模板中，在每个模板中都可以用到)
This may explain why ____________/As a consequence____________
It goes without saying that____________
In fact, we can observe easily that in modern society,____________
As a proverb says, "Everything has two sides".
As a proverb says, "Where there is a will there is a way".
As is known to all, "No pains, no gains."
Let’s bring our discussion here to a more present and practical context. In today’s world,____________
I can say that if you have no experiences like these, your life is an inadequate one.
be of great benefit/damage to sb./sth.
The reason of ____________ is not so much ____________ as ____________
People differ greatly in their attitudes towards this problem. Some people hold the opinion that ____________ Others, [ however/on the contrary], maintain that ____________.
It is [urgent/necessary/convenient/desirable/advisable] for sb. to do sth.
have [trouble/a difficult time] [in doing sth./with sth.]
举例证：It can be given by a (well known/concrete) example that ____________. / In order to see this point clearly, let us to see an example:____________/To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive:____________.
第一点原因：
The main/first reason is that ____________.
First, we can observe easily that in modern society, ...
In the first place
To begin with, (a good roommate should ____________)
第二点原因：
Besides, the further reason why I advocate AAA is that ____________.
[The second/another] reason for [my/people’s] propensity for A is that ____________
[The second/another] desirable quality for a good roommate is that ____________
第三点原因：
Moreover,____________
The third reason, [not the last/however], goes this way: ____________
写完三条原因还可以再写：Maybe there are some other reasons( to show____________). But
it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly acceptable.
最后意犹未尽或者字数不够可以加这么一句：
Nevertheless I must admit that people can do well without AAA, but no one can ignore the additional convenience and satisfaction offered by AAA. Such experience will definitely be helpful in one’s later life.
一个使用了模板的例子：
对立观点：
In this modern society, people always confront the dilemma of choosing whether AAA or BBB. This problem is a much debated one in that it affects everybody in his or her daily life. People may prefer one to the other although some may have no opinions about either at all. Before rendering my opinion, I think it is necessary to take a glance at the arguments on both sides.
It is quite rational for average people to choose BBB because of the obvious reason that 原因.The most extreme manifestation of this idea is the fact that 例子.Even so, however, many advantages of BBB over AAA will be obscured by its considerable drawbacks such as 例子.Therefore we have no complete evidence to suggest that BBB is always better than AAA. Moreover, a close scrutiny of the potential benefits of choosing AAA would reveal how flimsy it is to stick to the propensity to BBB over AAA.
There are numerous reasons for my preference for AAA, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones. One chief reason is that 原因一.And I can think of no better illustration of the idea than the fact that 例子一. The above is only part of the important aspects, and another one with equal significance with respect to choosing between the two lies in the development of the proposition that 原因二. This well explains the undeniable fact that 例子二. Besides, a further reason why I advocate AAA is that 原因三.This may explain why 例子三.
Last but not least, there is also a more practical reason why I would choose AAA, that is 原因四.
All in all, taking into account all these merits that AAA boasts of, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that the advantages of AAA outweigh any benefit we can get from BBB and choosing AAA is a rather wise decision.
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