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英语最重要的基础句型
基础英语是否学得好，关系到以后英语进阶学习的学习效果。以下是小编整理的关于英语最重要的基础句型，希望大家认真阅读!
英语最重要的基础句型1
1. want to do sth 想做某事
I want to go to school.
我想去上学。
2. want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事
I want my son to go to school.
我想让我的儿子去上学。
3. be different from 与......不同
The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.
北京的天气和南京的不同。
4. be the same as 与……相同
His trousers are the same as mine.
他的裤子和我的一样。
5. be friendly to sb 对某人友好
Mr. Wang is very friendly to us.
王先生对我们非常友好。
6. welcome to sp 欢迎来到某地
Welcome to China.
欢迎来到中国。
7. What’s the matter with sb/sth? 某人/某物出什么毛病了?
What’s the matter with your watch?
你的手表怎么了?
8. what to do 做什么
We don’t know what to do next.
我们不知道接下来要做什么。
9. let sb do sth 让某人做某事
Let him enter the room.
让他进入房间。
10. let sb not do sth 让某人不做某事
Let him not stand in the rain.
让他不要站在雨中。
11. why don’t you do sth? 你怎么不做某事呢?
Why don’t you play football with us?
你怎么不和我们踢足球呢?
12. why not do sth? 怎么不做某事呢?
Why not play football with us?
为什么不和我们踢足球呢?
13. make sb sth 为某人制造某物
My father made me a kite.
我爸爸给我做了一个风筝。
14. make sth for sb 为某人制造某物
My father made a kite for me.
我爸爸给我做了一个风筝。
15. What do you mean by doing sth?你做……是什么意思?
What do you mean by doing that?
你做那件事情是什么意思?
16. like doing sth 喜爱做某事
Jim likes swimming.
吉姆喜欢游泳。
17. like to do sth 想去做某事
He doesn’t like to swim now.
他现在不想去游泳。
18. feel like doing sth 想要做某事
I feel like eating bananas.
我想要吃香蕉。
19. would like to do sth 想要做某事
Would you like to go rowing with me?
你想要和我一起去划船吗?
20. would like sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
I’d like you to stay with me tonight.
我想你今晚和我待在一起。
21. make sb do sth 使某人做某事
His brother often makes him stay in the sun.
他哥哥经常让他晒太阳。
22. let sb do sth 让某人做某事
Let me sing a song for you.
让我为你唱支歌吧。
23. have sb do sth 使某人做某事
You shouldn’t have the students work so hard.
你不应该让学生这么努力学习。
24. be far from sp 离某地远
His school is far from his home.
他的学校离他家远。
25. be near to sp 离某地近
The hospital is near to the post office.
医院离邮局很近。
26. be good at sth/doing sth 擅长某事/做某事
We are good at English.
我们擅长英语。
They are good at boating.
他们擅长划船。
27. It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间
It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.
学会在五分钟内画一匹漂亮的马花了我一年多的时间。
28. sb spends some time/money (in )doing sth 某人花一些时间/钱做某事
I spent twenty years(in)writing the novel.
我花了20年写这部小说。
29. sb spends some time/money on sth 某人花一些时间/钱在某事/物上
Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike.
吉姆花了1000元买这辆自行车。
30. sth costs sb some money 某物花了某人一些钱
The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan.
这辆行车花了吉姆1000元。
31. sb pays some money for sth 某人为某物付了一些钱
Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike.
吉姆花了1000元买这辆自行车。
32. begin/start sth with sth 伴随......开始做某事
The started the meeting with a song.
伴随着一首歌，我们开始了会议。
33. be going to do sth 打算做某事
We are going to study in Japan.
我们打算去日本学习。
34. call A B 叫A B
They called the village Gumtree.
他们叫这个村庄桉树。
35. thank sb for sth/doing sth 感谢某人做某事
Thank you for your help/helping me.
感谢你的帮助。
36. What…for? 为什么?
What do you learn English for?
你为什么学英语?
37. How/ what about doing sth?做某事怎么样?
How about going fishing?
去钓鱼怎么样?
38. S +be+ the+最高级+of/in短语
Lucy is the tallest in her class.
露西在她班里是最高的。
39. S + be +比较级+than any other + n
Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.
露西在班里比其他任何一个学生都高。
40. have to do sth 不得不/必须做某事
I have to go home now.
我现在必须要回家了。
41. had better do sth 最好做某事
You’d better study English hard.
你最好努力学习英语。
42. had better not do sth 最好别做某事
You’d better not stay up.
你最好不要熬夜。
43. help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
Lucy often helps Lily to wash her clothes.
露西经常帮助莉莉她的洗衣服。
44. help sb do st 帮助某人做某事
He usually helps me learn English.
他经常帮助我学习英语。
45. help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
I sometimes help my mother with the housework.
我有时帮助我的妈妈做家务。
46. make it +时间 把时间定在......
Let’s make it 8：30.
让我们把时间定在8:30吧。
47. take sb to sp 带某人到某地
Mr. Wang will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.
下周日，王先生将带我们去颐和园。
49. have nothing to do (with sb)与某人没有关系
That has nothing to do with me.
那和我没有关系。
50. 主语+ don’t think + 从句 ......认为……不……
I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.
我认为明天不会下雨。
51. It’s + adj + for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说怎么样
It is lucky for you to go to London.
去伦敦对你来说是幸运的。
52. How + adj/adv + 主+ 谓!......多么…...啊!
How beautiful the flower is!
这朵花多么漂亮啊!
53. what + a/an + adj + [c] + 主+ 谓!
What an beautiful flower it is!
它是多么漂亮的一朵花啊!
54. What + adj+ pl/[u] +主+ 谓!
What bad weather it is today!
今天天气多么糟糕啊!
55. find it + adj + to do sth 发现做某事如何
I find it hard to speak English well.
我发现说好英语很难。
56. ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
They often ask me for money.
他们经常向我要钱。
57. need to do sth 需要做某事
You need to study hard.
你需要努力学习。
58. need sth 需要某物
I don’t need your money.
我不需要你的'钱。
59. use sth to do sth 用某物来做某事
We use pens to write.
我们用钢笔写字。
60. show sb sth 给某人看某物
Please show me the map.
请给我看看地图。
61. show sth to sb 把某物给某人看
Please show the map to me.
请把地图给我看看。
62. pass sb sth 把某物递给某人
Pass me the cup of tea.
递给我咖啡。
63. pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人
Pass the cup of tea to me.
把咖啡递给我。
64. buy sb sth 为某人买某物
Mother bought me a bike.
妈妈给我买了一辆自行车。
65. buy sth for sb 为某人买某物
Mother bought a bike for me.
妈妈给我买了一辆自行车。
66. give sb sth 把某物给某人
Jim gave me an English dictionary.
吉姆给我一本英语字典。
67. give sth to sb 把某物给某人
Jim gave an English dictionary to me.
吉姆给我一本英语字典。
68. get to sp 达到某地
I got to Beijing on the morning of May 1st.
5月1日早晨我到了北京。
69. arrive at/in sp 达到某地
I arrived in Beijing on the morning of May 1st.
5月1日早晨我到了北京。
70. reach sp 达到某地
I reached Beijing on the morning of May 1st.
5月1日早晨我到了北京。
71. hope to do sth 希望某人做某事
I hope to see you soon.
我希望不久见到你。
72. there is sth wrong with sth/sb 某物/某人出毛病了
There is something wrong my car.
我的车出了毛病。
73. sth is wrong with……某物出毛病了
Something is wrong with my car.
我的车出了毛病。
74. How do you like sth? 你认为……怎么样?
How do you like Beijing?
你认为北京怎么样?
75. What do you think of sth? 你认为……怎么样?
What do you think of Beijing?
你认为北京怎么样?
76. start doing sth 开始做某事
I started learning English in 1983.
我在1983年开始学习英语。
77. start to do sth 开始做某事
I started to watch TV after finishing my homework.
完成作业后我开始看电视。
78. finish doing sth 完成做某事
I finished cleaning my car just now.
我刚才清洗了我的车。
79. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事
They all enjoy living and working in China.
他们都喜欢在中国生活和工作。
80. what else… 别的什么
What else do you want to buy?
你还想买别的什么吗?
81. forget doing sth 忘记做过某事(已做)
I forgot turning off the lights. Look， it is dark in the room.
我忘记关过灯了。看，房间里黑着。
82. forget to do sth 忘了做某事(未做)
I forgot to turn off the lights. Could you go back and shut them off?
我忘记关灯了。你能回去关上吗?
83. remember doing sth 记得做过某事(已做)
I remembered returning your money. You are so forgetful.
我记得还给你钱了。你是如此健忘。
84. remember to do sth 记住做某事(未做)
Remember to bring me some money tomorrow.
记得明天给我带一些钱来。
85. stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事
He stopped to talk with Mary when she entered the office.
当玛丽走进办公室时，他停下来和她谈话。
86. stop doing sth 停止正在做的事
The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.
当老师进来的时候，学生们停止了谈论。
87. watch/see/hear sb do sth 观看/看见/听见某人做了某事
I saw you pick an apple just now.
刚才，我看见你捡起了一个苹果。
88. watch/see/hear sb doing sth 观看/看见/听见某人在做某事
I saw you playing basketball with your classmates on the playground then.
那时，我看到你正和你的同学们在操场上踢足球。
89. go on doing sth 继续做同一件事
He went on reading after a short rest.
在短暂的休息后，他继续读书。
90. go on to do sth 继续做另一件事
He went on to read after finishing wash the dishes.
在洗完盘子后，他继续阅读。
91. go on with sth 继续某事
He went on with his work after a short rest.
在短暂的休息后，他继续他的工作。
92. say hello/goodbye to sb 向某人打招呼/告别
I came to say goodbye to you.
我来是和你告别的。
93. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
They are busy planting trees on the hill.
他们正忙着在山上植树。
94. be interested in sth 对某事感兴趣
We are all interested in English.
我们都对英语感兴趣。
95. tell sb to do sth 让某人做某事
Mother told me to go shopping with her.
妈妈让我和她去购物。
96. ask sb to do sth 请某人做某事
Jim ask me to go rowing with him.
吉姆请我和他去划船。
97. call/ring sb up 给某人打电话
I will call you up tommow.
我明天会给你打电话。
98. be ready to do sth 准备好做某事
We are ready to have lunch.
我们准备好吃午饭。
99. go doing sth 去做某事
Let’s go fishing.
让我们去钓鱼吧。
100. prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 比起(做)B来更喜欢(做)A
Lucy prefers English to French.
比起法语来，我更喜欢英语。
I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema.
比起去看电影来，我更喜欢待在家里。
英语最重要的基础句型2
1.主—动—补结构(SVC)。
此种结构中的动词皆是连系动词。连系动词带有的主语补语可以是名词词组。形容词词组。介词词组。非限定动词词组或名词性分句等。例如:
The twin are as like as two pears.
She is in good health.
It is getting dark.
The machine is out of order.
2.主—动(SV)结构。
此种结构中的动词一般是不及物动词,在这种句型中,状语并非是结构上不可或缺的成分。例如:
He lives in Shanghai.
We get up early every day.
The train leaves at eight.
They have been singing for half an hour.
3.主—动—宾结构(SVO)。
此种结构中的'动词都是及物动词,这类动词后面一般只跟一个宾语,因此也叫做单宾语及物动词(monotransitive verb),该句型一般不需状语成分即可表达完整思想。例如:
She is reading a novel.
We have realized the importance of English.
They are watching the football match.
He opened the door.
4.主—动—宾—宾(SVOO)结构。
此种结构中的动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词(ditransitive verb),即能跟有间接宾语和直接宾语的及物动词。例如:
He taught us English last year.
I call him a taxi.
He gave me an English book as a birthday present.
I bought him a novel.
5.主—动—宾—补(SVOC)结构。
此种结构中的动词只限于某些能带复合宾语的及物动词(complex transitive verbs),即只能跟有宾语和宾语补语的及物动词。例如:
They made him captain of the team.
I find it impossible to finish the task in time.
We find the book very interesting.
We have proved the method very effective.
6.主—动—状结构(SVA)。
此种结构中的状语不可缺。例如:
The radio is near his bed.
They are in the classroom.
A number of students are in the library.
The tape recorder is on the desk.
7.主—动—宾状结构(SVOA)。
此种结构中的状语不可缺。例如:
She put her baby in the cradle.
They watched TV in the drawing room.
He placed the pot on the stove.
They are talking about the film at the meeting.
英语最重要的基础句型3
一、句型1： Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语)
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：
1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。
3)Spring is coming.
4) We have lived in the city for ten years.
特别提醒
动词stop 可用作及物动词，也可用作及物动词。不及物动词时, 通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的'是做另一件事。作及物动词时，通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。
二、句型2：Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类：
(1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：
1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。
2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。
(2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：
1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。
三、句型3：Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)
这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例：
1) He took his bag and left.(名词) 他拿着书包离开了。
2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。
3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.(不定式)她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。
4) I don’t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。
注意：英语中的许多动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。
四、句型4： Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)
这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：
1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。
2)The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.
老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的故事。 上述句子还可以表达为：
1)Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.
2)The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.
特别提醒
A. 在此句型中， 通常是间接宾语（人）在前，直接宾语（物）在后，有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调，这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。
e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for
her .
Give the book to me , please .
直接宾语与间接宾语对调时，间接宾语前加介词to的动词有：
give(给), tell(告诉) , lend(借给) , sell(卖), teach(教) , send(寄给), write(写给), show(出示) , return(还给), bring(带给), pass(递给), leave(留给), offer(提供), hand(交给)
间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：
buy(买), choose(选择), get (弄到), make(做), order(订购), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏)
B. 如果直接宾语为人称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前，且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。
e.g. I handed it to our teacher .
不能说：I handed our teacher it .
C. 此句型变为被动语态时，可分为两种情况。
e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt .
a. She was bought a skirt by her mother .
b. A skirt was bought for her by her mother.
五、句型5： Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)
这种句型中的`“宾语 + 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：
1)You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。(形容词)
2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。
3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。
4)My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)
5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)
● 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。
● 注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：
1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。
2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。
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