动词的种类初中英语语法

时间:2020-07-29 09:03:48 基础英语 我要投稿

动词的种类初中英语语法大全

  关于英语中动词的种类知识,希望同学们很好的掌握下面的内容学习。

动词的种类初中英语语法大全

  动词的种类

  动词是表示动作或状态的词,按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词,连系动词,助动词和情态动词。

  1.行为动词

  行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi),及物动词表示动作或状态,有完整的词义,能单独作谓语,后跟宾语;不及物动词表示动作或状态,有完整的词义,能单独作谓语,但后面不能直接跟宾语,如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。

  如:

  More and more people study English.(vt)

  The students are listening to the teacher carefully.(vi)

  2.连系动词

  连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell等。

  如:

  Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

  It feels damp.

  3.助动词

  助动词本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示否定,疑问及动词的时态、语态、人称和数等语法特征,助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will等。

  如:

  How do you usually come to school?

  The children are playing yo-yo now.

  4.情态动词

  情态动词本身有一定的意义,但不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare等。

  如:

  Can I help you?

  - Must we go now? -No, you needn't .

  a. can与be able to的用法有所区别。can只用于一般现在时和过去时,指本身有能力的"能";be able to用于各种时态均可,指须经过努力而"能"。

  b. must与have/has to的用法。must表示说话人主观认为"必须",只用于一般现在时和一般将来时;have/has to表示客观需要,意为"不得不",它可用于各种时态。

  c.need和dare既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。

  以上对动词的种类知识的`内容讲解学习,相信同学们已经能很好的掌握了吧,希望同学们在考试中取得很好的成绩。

  初中英语语法大全:动词不定式的形式

  对于英语的学习中,关于动词不定式的形式知识点的内容,我们做下面的讲解学习哦。

  动词不定式的形式

  1.作主语。 如:

  To learn English is very important.

  但实际上不定式作主语常用 it来作形式主语,而将不定式移至谓语动词后作真正的主语。

  如上句可表达为:

  It's very important to learn English.

  2.作表语。 如:

  My idea is to ring him up at once.

  3.作宾语。 如:

  I have decided to go to Binjiang Primary School.

  4.作宾语补足语。

  a. ask, want, teach, tell, know, would like, allow等动词后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语。

  如: The policemen asked him to get off the bus.

  b. hear, see, look at, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。

  如: We often see Miss Li clean the classroom.

  c. let, make, have这些使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中这些不带to的都须带上to。

  如: In those days the bosses often made the workers work day and night.

  d.动词help接动词不定式作宾语补足语,可带to也可不带to。

  如: Can you help me (to) carry the heavy bag?

  5.作定语。

  a.与被修饰词有动宾关系。如:I have something important to tell you.但如果不定式动词为不及物动词,后面的介词千万不要省略。

  如: Maybe they have three rooms to live in.

  b.与被修饰词有主谓关系。

  如: Mr Liang is always the first to come and the last to leave.

  c.与被修饰之间只有修饰关系。

  如: I have no time to play cards.

  6.作状语,表示目的、原因、方法、方向、结果等。

  如: I'll go to meet my friend at the railway station.

  7.不定式复合结构"for sb. to do sth" 作主语时,常用"It is +adj+ for

  of sb. to do sth"的句式。形容词good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, ice, clever,

  right, wrong, careful等用"It is +adj +of sb. to do sth."

  其他形容词用 for。

  如:

  It's dangerous for you to ride so fast.

  It's very kind of you to help me.

  8.动词不定式与疑问句who, what, which, when, how, where, whether等连用。

  如: I don't know when to start.

  He didn't tell me where to go.

  但上面结构相当于一个从句,故上述句子也可表达为:

  I don't know when we'll start.

  He didn't tell me where he would go.

  注意:

  a.有些动词或动词短语不能带不定式,只能接动词的-ing形式。

  如: enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss(错过),be busy, go on, keep on, be worth, practise等。

  如: The peasants are busy picking apples.

  Would you mind my opening the door?

  b.有些动词后可接不定式,也可接动词的-ing形式,但意思不同。

  如: Lu Jian forgot to post the letter.(该寄但还没做)

  Lu Jian forgot posting the letter.(已经寄过信了)

  They stopped to sing a song.(停止在做的工作而去做另一件工作)

  They stopped singing.(停止正在做的工作)

  希望上面对动词不定式的形式知识的内容讲解学习,同学们都能很好的掌握,相信同学们会取得很好的成绩的哦。

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