新视野大学英语4：Unit2 SectionA 单词

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新视野大学英语4：Unit2 SectionA 单词

　　新视野大学英语4：Unit2 SectionA 单词1

　　new words

　　rehearsal [rh:sl]

　　n. a time when all the people in a play,concert,etc.practice before a public performance 排练，排演

　　bald [b:ld]

　　a.1 with little or no hair on your head 少发的，无发的，秃头的

　　2 not having enough of what usu.covers sth. 磨光的，掉光的

　　arrogant [rgnt]

　　a. behaving in an unpleasant or rude way because you think you are more important than other people 傲慢的，自大的

　　transient [trnzint]

　　a.1 continuing only for a short time 短暂的，转瞬即逝的

　　2.working or staying somewhere for only a short time 流动性的，临时的'

　　affix [fks]

　　vt. fasten or stick sth.to sth.else 使……固定，粘上，贴上

　　allotment [ltmnt]

　　n.1 an amount or share of sth.such as money or time that is given to sb. or sth.or the process of doing this 份额，配额，分配

　　2.a small area of land that people can rent for growing vegetables 小块菜地

　　groom [gru:m]

　　vt.1 take care of your own appearance by keeping your hair.body and clothes clean and tidy 梳妆，打扮

　　2.clean and brush an animal.esp .a horse 刷洗，擦洗

　　grooming [gru:m]

　　n.1 the process of making yourself tidy and clean 打扮，装饰

　　2. the process of cleaning and brushing an animal .esp .a horse 擦洗，刷洗(动物，尤指马匹)

　　strand [strnd]

　　n.1 a single thin piece of thread ,wire,

　　hair,etc 股，缕

　　2 one of the different aspects of sth 组成部分，方面

　　eclipse [klps]

　　vt.1 become more important,powerful,famous.etc.than sb. or sth.else.so that they are they no longer noticed 使黯然失色，使相形见绌，光芒盖过

　　2.make the sun or room become pertly or completely dark because of the position of the sun.moon.an earth in relation each other 出现，遮住……的光

　　magnify [mgnfa]

　　vt.1 make sth. appear more important,serious.or dangerous than it is夸大，夸张

　　2.make sth. seem bigger or louder,esp using special equipment 放大

　　deficient [dfnt]

　　a.1 not good enough 不足的，有缺陷的

　　2. not containing or having enough of sth 缺乏的，不足的

　　chronic [krnk]

　　a.1 continuing for a long time and very difficult to solve 一直有的，反复出现的

　　2 lasting for a long time and difficult to be cured 慢性的，长期的

　　inborn [nb:n]

　　a. having existed since birth 天生的，与生俱来的

　　thigh [θa]

　　n.1 the top part of your leg,above your knee 大腿，股

　　2 the upper part of the leg of a bird.eaten as food 腿部

　　accessory [ksesri]

　　n. 1a small thing such as a piece as a piece of jewelry or a pair of shoes that you wear with clothes to give them more style 服饰的搭配物，小配件

　　2 additional object,equipment,decorations,etc. that make sth. more useful or attractive附件，零件，配件

　　violet [valt]

　　n.1 a blue-purple color 紫罗兰色，蓝紫色

　　2. a plant with small dark purple flowers and a sweet smell 紫罗兰花

　　outfit [atft]

　　n. a set of clothes worn together.esp.for a special occasion 全套服装

　　vt. provide sb. or sth.with the clothes or equipment that are needed for a particular purpose 为……提供全套服装，装备，配备

　　aisle [al]

　　n. a passage between rows of seats,e.g. in a church.theater.plane.etc or between the shelves of a supermarket 通道，过道

　　warfare [w:fe(r)]

　　n.1 the activity of fighting in a war - used esp. when talking about particular methods of fighting 作战，交战，战争

　　2 a continuous and often violet struggle or argument between different groups 斗争，冲突

　　bronze [brnz]

　　vt. make brown.as by exposure to the sun 使变成古铜色

　　n.1 hard metal that is a mixture of copper and tin 青铜，古铜

　　2 a red-brown color 古铜色，青铜色

　　appliance [plans]

　　n. a piece of equipment.esp.electrical equipment. used in people's homes 家用电器，家用器具

　　clay [kle]

　　n. a type of heavy sticky earth that can be used for making pots.bricks.etc. 黏土

　　adhere [dh(r)]

　　vi1 obey a rule,law,agreement etc. support or believe in an idea,plan,opinion.etc 遵守，拥护，坚信

　　2. stick to sth 粘着，附着

　　via [va]

　　prep.1 using a particular method or person to send sth.通过，借助于

　　2. going through one place on the way to another place 经过，取道

　　elasticity [i:lststi]

　　n.1 the ability of sth.to stretch and go back to its usual length or size 弹性，弹力

　　2 the ability to change when the situation changes 灵活性，伸缩性

　　complexion [kmplekn]

　　n.1 the natural color or appearance of the skin on your face 面色，面容

　　2 the general character or nature of sth. 一般性质，一般特性

　　plaster [plɑ:st(r)]

　　vt.1put a wet . usu . sticky substance all over a surface so that it is thickly covered 涂抹

　　2 cover a surface or a place with labels. advertisements,pictures,etc .覆盖，盖住

　　n. a substance that is spread onto walls and ceiling to form a hard smooth surface 灰泥，灰浆

　　cosmetic [kzmetk]

　　n. substance that you use on your hair or skin to make yourself look more attractive 化妆品，美容品

　　a. relating to the improvement of sb's appearance 化妆的，美容的

　　obsession [bsen]

　　n.1 an emotional state in which sb. or sth. is so important ti you that you are always thinking about them, in a way that seems extreme to other people 迷恋，着魔

　　2. sb.or sth. that is so important to you that you are always thinking about them 令人着迷的，心神不宁的

　　lipstick [lpstk]

　　n.a colored substance in the form of a small stick that women put on their lips, or a stick of this 口红，唇膏

　　perfume [p:fju:m]

　　n. 1 a liquid with a pleasant smell that you put on your skin or clothing 香水

　　2 a sweet or pleasant smell 芳香，香味

　　gorgeous [g:ds]

　　a.1 very beautiful or attractive 非常漂亮的，极其迷人的

　　2. very pleasant or enjoyable 令人十分愉快的，极好的

　　homogeneous [hmdi:nis]

　　a. consisting of things or people that are of the same type 同类的

　　conformity [knf:mti]

　　n. behavior that obeys the accepted rules of society or a group , and is the same as that of most other people 遵照，遵守，符合

　　appease [pi:z]

　　vt. make sb.less angry or stop them form attacking you by giving what they want 平息，安抚，抚慰

　　prosecution [prskju:n]

　　n. the process or act of accusing sb.of a crime and asking a court of law to judge them 起诉，指控

　　outrage [atred]

　　n. 1 a strong feeling of anger or shock at sth. that you feel is wrong or unfair 义愤，愤慨震怒

　　2 an event or action that makes you feel very angry and shocked,esp.because it is cruel or violent 暴行，恶行，污辱，冒犯

　　complement [kmplment]

　　vt . 1 combine well with sth. often sth. that has different qualities 与……相配，与……互补

　　2 add another thing to sth.补充

　　subjective [sbdektv]

　　a. based on your own feelings and ideas and not on facts 主观的

　　Phrases and expressions

　　excuse oneself

　　politely say that you are going to leave a place 礼貌地告辞

　　come up with

　　1. think of sth. such as an idea or an answer 相出，提出

　　2.produce or provide an amount of money 拿出，提供

　　stick to sth.

　　1.do or keep doing what you said you would do or what you believe in 遵守，迷信，坚持

　　2.keep using or doing one particular thing and not change to anything else 继续使用，继续做

　　affix value to sth .

　　define the value of sth.consider sth.valuable 确定……的价值，认为……有价值

　　in hopes of

　　wanting sth.to happen 怀有…的希望

　　reach out to

　　1 ask sb.for help 请求…的帮助

　　2offer help to sb. 为...提供帮助

　　become /be obsessed with sth./sb.

　　consider sth. or sb as so important that you are always thinking about them 对…迷恋，对……着迷

　　voice an opinion on

　　express an opinion about sth.表达对…的看法

　　新视野大学英语4：Unit2 SectionA 单词2

　　Section A

　　I Comprehension of The Text

　　1. The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead he is falling behind.

　　2. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. (People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; they also charge for it.) They do this because time is a precious resource.

　　3. Everyone is in a rush —often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.

　　4. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly and they resent someone else “wasting”it beyond a certain appropriate point.

　　5. New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.

　　6. Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices. They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts.

　　7. The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.

　　8. It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S.

　　Vocabulary

　　III

　　1. charge 2. convention 3. efficient 4. obtain 5. competent 6. assessing 7. fulfill 8. conducting consequently 10. significance

　　IV．

　　1．behind 2. at 3. in 4. out 5. to 6.to 7. in 8. with 9. but 10.for

　　1. L 2. C 3. D 4. N 5. O 6.A 7.E 8.G 9.I 10.K

　　WordBuilding

　　1. commitment 2. attraction 3. appointment 4. impression

　　5. civilization 6. composition 7. confusion 8. congratulation

　　9. consideration 10. explanation 11. acquisition 12. depression

　　VII.

　　desirable favorable considerable acceptable

　　drinkable advisable remarkable preferable

　　1. advisable 2. desirable 3. favorable 4. considerable 5. remarkable 6. preferable 7. drinkable 8. acceptable

　　Structure

　　VIII

　　1.much less can he write English articles

　　2.much less can he manage a big company

　　3.much less could he carry it upstairs

　　4.much less have I spoken to him

　　5.much less to read a lot outside of it

　　1.Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.

　　2.We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.

　　3.We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.

　　4.Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.

　　5.Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely

　　Translation

　　1.She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner.

　　2.He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.

　　3.How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?

　　4.The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.

　　5.Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.

　　6.We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.

　　1.我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了。

　　2.男工平均工资每小时10美元，而女工才每小时7美元。

　　3.自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的'影响。

　　4.期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书。

　　5.有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。其部分原因来自于全球化带来的影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化。

　　6.最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力的40%。

　　Cloze

　　1. C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C

　　11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A

　　Structured Writing

　　XIV.

　　A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection. Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection. Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration. And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part. Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.

　　Section B.

　　Comprehension of the Text

　　II.

　　1. D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B

　　Vocabulary

　　III.

　　1. utilize 2. reject 3. considerable 4. temporary 5. acceptable

　　6. recognition 7. alleviate 8. appreciate 9. furthermore 10. interact

　　IV.

　　1. interact with 2. gone through 3. deal with 4. recovered from

　　5. adjusting to 6. familiar to 7. In spite of 8. were tired of

　　9. prevented from 10. came to