2017上半年翻译资格考试冲刺练习题及答案
汉译英 Passage 1
稀土是中国最丰富的战略资源，截止2009年，中国稀土储量达到3600万吨，占到全球稀土储量的'36.4%。同时中国也是全球最大的稀土生产国，2009年，中国稀土矿产量达到12.9万吨，占到全球产量的97%，稀土资源的过度开发给中国稀土产业的可持续发展带来严峻挑战。
针对国内稀土资源开发存在的问题，近年来，中国加大了对稀土资源开发政策调控的力度，实行指令性生产和出口配额制度。2010年，中国稀土开采总量控制指标为89200吨，同比增长8.4%;稀土产品出口配额为3.03万吨，同比下降39.5%。
2009年以来，中国稀土产品出口控制力度的加强，使全球稀土供给趋紧，由此拉动全球稀土产品市场价格进入一轮持续上升期。以金属钕为例，截止2010年9月30日，上海金属钕现货市场价格达到316500元/吨，对比2008年12月份的97500元/吨增长224.6%。
【参考译文】
Rare earth is the richest strategic resource of China. As of 2009， China’s reserves of rare earth have reached 36 million tons， representing 36.4% of the world’s total. China also boasts the largest rare earth output in the world， accounting for 129，000 tons or 97% of the world’s total output in 2009. The overexploitation of rare earth resources has posed a grave challenge to the sustainable development of China’s rare earth industry.
In response to the problem in the exploitation of rare earth resources， the Chinese Government has intensified the policy control in recent years， implementing a mandatory production and export quota system. The rare earth exploitation of China is capped at 89，200 tons in 2010， up 8.4% year-on-year， while the export quota stands at 30，300 tons， down 39.5% year-on-year.
Since 2009， China has strengthened its control over rare earth export， pushing up a new round of price hike of rare earth resource worldwide because of the shortage of supply. A case in point is neodymium， the spot market price of which in Shanghai reached RMB 316，500/ton as of September 30th， 2010， an increase of 224.6% compared with the RMB 97，500/ton in December 2008.
汉译英 Passage 2
中国特色社会主义法律体系形成，总体解决了有法可依的问题。坚持法律面前人人平等，保证有法必依、执法必严、违法必究。完善中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强重点领域立法，拓展人民有序参与立法途径。推进依法行政，切实做到严格规范公正文明执法。进一步深化司法体制改革，坚持和完善中国特色社会主义司法制度，确保审判机关、检察机关依法独立公正行使审判权、检察权。深入开展法制宣传教育，弘扬社会主义法治精神，树立社会主义法治理念，增强全社会学法尊法守法用法意识。提高领导干部运用法治思维和法治方式深化改革、推动发展、化解矛盾、维护稳定能力。党领导人民制定宪法和法律，党必须在宪法和法律范围内活动。任何组织或者个人都不得有超越宪法和法律的特权，绝不允许以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法。
【参考译文】
Promote law-based governance of the country in an all-around way
The rule of law is the basic way for running the country. We should make laws in a scientific way， enforce them strictly， administer justice impartially， and ensure that everyone abides by the law. We must make sure that all are equal before the law and that laws are observed and strictly enforced and lawbreakers are prosecuted. We should improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics， strengthen legislation in key areas， and expand channels for people's orderly participation in the legislative process. We should exercise government administration in accordance with the law and ensure that law enforcement is conducted in a strict， fair， and civilized way according to due procedures. We should continue to deepen reform of the judicial structure， uphold and improve the socialist judicial system with Chinese characteristics， and ensure that judicial and procuratorial bodies independently and impartially exercise their respective powers pursuant to law. We should carry out intensive publicity and education about the law， foster socialist spirit of the rule of law， and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance. We should enhance the whole society's awareness of the need to study， respect， observe， and apply the law. We should ensure that leading officials are guided by law in both thinking and action in their effort to deepen reform， promote development， solve problems， and maintain stability. As the Constitution and laws are adopted by the Party and the people under its leadership， the Party must act within the scope prescribed by the Constitution and laws. No organization or individual has the privilege of overstepping the Constitution and laws， and no one in a position of power is allowed in any way to take one's own words as the law， place one's own authority above the law or abuse the law.
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