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考研英语完型填空试题及答案解析
在学习和工作的日常里,我们最不陌生的就是试题了,通过试题可以检测参试者所掌握的知识和技能。那么你知道什么样的试题才能有效帮助到我们吗?下面是小编为大家整理的考研英语完型填空试题及答案解析,希望能够帮助到大家。
考研英语完型填空试题及答案解析 1
Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .
The ridge 6 on a person finger doesnt change 7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .
Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printers ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.
1. A. uselessnessB. quantityC. magnitudeD. uniqueness
2. A. naturally B. exactlyC. especiallyD. particularly
3. A. passed onB. passed awayC. passed outD. passed off
4. A. ifB. whenC. thoughD. as
5. A. reasonB. causeC. groundD. case
6. A. constructionB. structureC. locationD. position
7. A. withB. because ofC. untilD. under
8. A. graveB. severeC. substantialD. superficial
9. A. outsideB. outwardC. innerD. outer
10. A. in timeB. on timeC. at timesD. behind time
11. A. originalB. differentC. definiteD. customary
12. A. restoredB. hurtC. destroyedD. restricted
13. A. diminishB. disposeC. undermineD. remove
14. A. andB. butC. whenD. if
15. A. makeB. takeC. doD. adapt
16. A. realizationB. detectionC. identificationD. investigation
17. A. In spite ofB. Irrespective ofC. Because ofD. In case of
18. A. suspectedB. doubtedC. distrustedD. doubtful
19. A. out of caseB. in vainC. at randomD. in question
20. A. lookB. expressionC. appearanceD. sight
参考答案及解析:
1. 【答案】D. uniqueness
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。uniqueness 独一无二,独特性,正合题意。magnitude 大小,数量;quantity 数量;uselessness 无用性;均与题意相悖,不能入选。
2. 【答案】B. exactly
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。 exactly (= correctly; quite) 确切地,完全地:They are exactly alike. naturally 自然地;especially 和 particularly 尤其的,特别的;逻辑上均不符合题意,故不入选。
3. 【答案】A. passed on
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配。pass on (=convey to other)把..传递给另外的人:We should pass on the fine tradition of hard struggle from generation to generation. pass away 去世; pass out 失去知觉,昏倒; pass off 中止,停止。
4. 【答案】 C. though
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。though 尽管;与句意相符。
5. 【答案】D. case
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。case 情况,情景:I afterwards heard that this was not the case. (我后来听到,情况并非如此) If that is the case, I must as well try.(情况如果是这样,我也应该争取)本句译文:科学家和专家业已证明指纹的独特性并发现由父母传给子女的指纹没有完完全全相似的,尽管没有人知道为什么会这样。
6. 【答案】B. structure
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。structure (=way in which sth. is put together, organized, etc.)构造,结构:the structure of the human body(人体构造)。construction 建造,建设;location 定位置;位置;position 1)位置:in position (在适当的位置),out of position(不在适当的位置);2)地位,职位,工作。从上下文的意思来看,此处指一个人手指上脊的构造,故选 structure.
7. 【答案】A. with
【解析】本题测试结构搭配。with 在此处的含义是随着。
8. 【答案】D. superficial
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。superficial 表层的,符合题题,可以入选。grave 需要认真考虑的,严重的,严峻的;severe 严厉的.,严重的;substantial 实质的;均不符合题意。
9. 【答案】D. outer
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配。outer 外部的,外层的,其反义词是 inner; outside 在外面的,其反义词是 inside; outward 外面的,在外面的:the outward appearance of things(东西的外观)
10.【答案】A.in time
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配。in time 此处意为后来渐渐,终于其他选择均不符合题意。on time 准时;at times 有时;behind time 晚点。
11. 【答案】A. original
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。original 原来的,本来的。 bears reproduction 意为重新长出。
12. 【答案】C. destroyed
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。destroy 意为毁坏。hurt 伤害,不合题意。
13.【答案】D. removed
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。removed vt.(=cause sth. to disappear, eliminate) 消除,去除;diminish vt./vi. 减少;dispose (of) 处理,处置;undermine vt. 破坏。remove 与题意相符。
14. 【答案】 B. but
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。从逻辑上讲,本题需要一个对比连词,故应选 but(但是)
15.【答案】B. take
【解析】 本题测试惯用搭配。take a step 采取措施:That would be a rash step to take. (那会是冒失的措施。) make a step 走一步。
16.【答案】C. identification
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。identification 鉴定;realization 认识到,实现,认清;detection 觉察,发觉,侦察;investigation 侦察;
17.【答案】C. Because of
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配。此处表示因果关系,故应选 because of. in spite of 尽管;irrespective of 不顾的,不考虑的;irrespective of sex, age or education 无论性别,年龄,或教育程度;in case of 万一:in case of fire 万一发生火灾。
18.【答案】A. suspected
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。suspect 嫌疑,猜疑。常指设想某人有欺诈,私通或犯罪的嫌疑;doubt 怀疑,意为对事情的真假,将来事情的成功与否的怀疑。distrust 不信任,怀疑;意指是否值得信任,与suspected 不同,故本题应选 suspected.
19. 【答案】B. in vain
【解析】 本题测试惯用搭配。in vain(=without the desired result) 徒劳,白辛苦:1)He tried in vain to open the locked door.(作状语)2)All our efforts were in vain.(作表语)
in question 1)所谈的:That is not the subject in question. (那不是我们所谈的课题)
2) 有问题:I know Bill would be a good captain for the team. That is not in question. But does he want to be captain? (我知道,比尔会成为好队长。那是不成问题的。但他想不想当队长?)
out of use 不再使用:This railway station is out of use. at random 任意的,随意的。
20. 【答案】C. appearance
【解析】本题测试词义搭配。appearance 外表,仪表;look 脸色,神态;expression 表情,脸色,与look 同义;sight 视觉,视域;情景
考研英语完型填空试题及答案解析 2
Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly, logically, and abstractly in order to solve new problems. It1 in young adulthood, levels out for a period of time, and then2 starts to slowly decline as we age. But3 aging is inevitable, scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.
One study found that muscle loss and the4 of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence. This suggests the5 that lifestyle factors might help prevent or6 this type of decline.
The researchers looked at data that7 measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000 middle-to-older-aged men and women and8 that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period. They found that middle-aged people9 higher measures of abdominal fat10 worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years11.
For women, the association may be12 to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat; in men, the immune system did not appear to be13 . It is hoped that future studies could 14 these differences and perhaps lead to different15 for men and women.
16 , there are steps you can17 to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental18 . The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your19 of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style20 that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.
1. [A] pauses [B] returns [C] peaks [D] fades
2. [A] alternatively [B]formally [C]accidentally [D] generally
3. [A] while [B] since [C] once [D] until
4. [A] detection [B] accumulation [C] consumption [D] separation
5. [A] possibility [B] decision [C] goal [D] requirement
6. [A] delay [B] ensure [C] seek [D] utilize
7. [A] modified [B] supported [C] included [D] predicted
8. [A] devoted [B] compared [C] converted [D] applied
9. [A] with [B] above [C] by [D] against
10. [A] lived [B] managed [C] scored [D] played
11. [A] ran out [B] set off [C] drew in [D] went by
12. [A] superior [B] attributable [C] parallel [D] resistant
13. [A] restored [B] isolated [C] involved [D] controlled
14. [A] alter [B] spread [C] remove [D] explain
15. [A] compensations [B] symptoms [C] demands [D] treatments
16. [A] Likewise [B] Meanwhile [C] Therefore [D] Instead
17. [A] change [B] watch [C] count [D] take
18. [A] well-being [B] process [C] formation [D] coordination
19. [A] level [B] love [C] knowledge [D] space
20. [A] design [B] routine [C] diet [D] prescription
1. 【答案】C(peaks)
【解析】逻辑关系题。and then提示顺承,借助slowly decline(慢慢下降)可知,C项peaks(达到最高点)符合原文逻辑关系,即流动智力在成年早期达到峰值,之后很长一段时间趋于稳定,之后随着年龄增长,慢慢下降。本题答案为C项。
干扰选项:A项pauses(暂停),B项returns(返回)和D项fades(逐渐消失),均不符合原文逻辑关系。
2. 【答案】D(generally)
【解析】语境题。比较各选项语义,A项
alternatively(二者择一地),B项formally(形式上地),C项accidentally(偶然地)和D项generally(通常),其中,D项generally(通常)最符合原文语义。本题答案为D项。
3. 【答案】A(while)
【解析】逻辑关系题。观察选项可知,本题考查句内逻辑关系,比较aging is inevitable和scientists are finding out that … may not be可知,inevitable和may not be提示语义相反,即“衰老不可避免”,与“科学家们发现大脑功能的某些变化可能并非不可避免”二者语义相反。A项while(尽管)提示让步,符合原文逻辑关系。本题答案为A项。
干扰选项:B项since(由于)提示因果关系,C项once(一旦)提示条件关系,D项until(到……为止)提示顺承关系,均不符合原文逻辑关系。
4. 【答案】B(accumulation)
【解析】逻辑关系题。and提示并列,muscle loss和the 4 of body fat around the abdomen(腹部脂肪的 4 )互相并列,借助muscle loss(肌肉流失)可知,B项accumulation(积累)符合原文逻辑关系,即,肌肉流失和腹部脂肪堆积。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项detection(侦查),C项consumption(消耗)和D项separation(分离),均不符合原文逻辑关系。
5. 【答案】A(possibility)
【解析】语境题。This指代上句的研究发现,本句继续介绍研究发现。比较各选项语义,A项possibility(可能性),B项decision(决定),C项goal(目标)和D项requirement(要求),可知,A项possibility符合原文语义,即,这表明生活方式因素可能有助预防这种下降的可能性。本题答案为A项。
6. 【答案】A(delay)
【解析】逻辑关系题。or提示并列,借助prevent(预防)可知,A项delay(延期)符合原文逻辑关系,即预防或延迟流动智力下降。本题答案为A项。
干扰选项:B项ensure(保证),C项seek(寻求)和D项utilize(利用),均不符合原文逻辑关系。
7. 【答案】C(included)
【解析】语境题。本题考查连接data(数据)和measurements(测量结果)的动词词义。比较各选项语义,A项modified(修改),B项supported(支持),C项included(包括)和D项predicted(预 测),可知C项included符合原文语义,即研究人员查看了包括4,000多名中老年男性和女性瘦肌肉群和腹部脂肪测量结果的数据。本题答案为C项。
8. 【答案】B(compared)
【解析】逻辑关系题。and提示并列,looked at data和 8 that data to reported changes互相并列,借助looked at(查看)可知,B项compared(比较)符合原文逻辑关系,且能与介词to构成固定搭配,compare … to…(将……与……相比)。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:其余各项与介词to构成固定搭配,A项devoted … to…(把……用于),C项converted … to…(把……转化为……),D项applied … to…(把……应用于……),均不符合原文逻辑关系。
9. 【答案】A(with)
【解析】固定搭配题。观察选项可知,本题考查介词用法。比较各选项,A项with(带有……),B项above(在……上面),C项by(通过……)和D项against(与……相反),可知,A项with连接higher measures of abdominal fat,作后置定语修饰people,符合原文语义,即,有着更高腹部脂肪的中年人。本题答案为A项。
10. 【答案】C(scored)
【解析】语境题。比较各选项语义,A项lived(生活),B项managed(管理),C项scored(得分)和D项played(玩耍),可知,C项scored符合原文语义,即,他们发现,有着更多腹部脂肪的中年人,在流动智力方面得分较低。本题答案为C项。
11. 【答案】D(went by)
【解析】固定搭配题。借助as the years(随着年岁……),并比较各选项语义,A项ran out(用完),B项set off(出发),C项drew in(引诱)和D项went by(时间逝去),可知,D项went by符合原文语义。本题答案为D项。
12. 【答案】B(attributable)
【解析】语境题。结合resulted from excess abdominal fat(腹部脂肪过多所致),并比较各选项与介词to构成的搭配,A项superior to(比……好的),B项attributable to(可归因于……),C项parallel to(与……平行的)和D项resistant to(不受……损害的),可知,B项attributable符合原文语义,即,对于女性来说,这种关联(腹部脂肪越高,流动智力方面的得分越低)可能要归因于腹部脂肪过多所致的免疫力变化。本题答案为B项。
13. 【答案】C(involved)
【解析】逻辑关系题。For women与in men提示对比关系,借助the association may be 12 to changes in immunity(这种关联可能 12 免疫力变化)可知,C项involved(使成为必然部分,与be连用时,可理解为“与……有关”)符合原文语义,即,对男性来说,(这种关联)似乎与免疫系统无关;且符合原文逻辑。本题答案为C项。
干扰选项:A项restored(被恢复),B项isolated(被孤立)和D项controlled(被控制),均不符合原文逻辑关系。
14. 【答案】D(explain)
【解析】语境题。本题考查连接future studies和these differences的动词语义,而these differences是指上句中男性和女性的流动智力得分,与腹部脂肪堆积所致的免疫力变化有关与无关的区别。现有研究只发现了这种区别,而背后的原因,只能寄希望于未来相关研究。D项explain(解释)符合原文语义,即,希望未来研究能解释这些区别。本题答案为D项。
干扰选项:A项alter(改变),B项spread(展开)和C项remove(去掉),均不符合原文语义。
15. 【答案】D(treatments)
【解析】语境题。借助lead to different 15 for men and women(促成针对女性和男性的不同 15 ),并结合these differences所指的.免疫力与流体智力间二者间的关联在男性和女性中体现不同,可知,D项treatments(疗法)符合原文语义,即,或许会促成针对女性和男性的不同疗法。本题答案为D项。
干扰选项:A项compensations(补偿),B项symptoms(症状)和C项demands(要求),均不符合原文语义。
16. 【答案】B(Meanwhile)
【解析】逻辑关系题。观察选项可知,本题考查句间逻辑关系。比较上句与本句发现:从内容上说,上句为对未来研究的期待,本句为目前可采取的措施(steps);从文章段落结构来说,上段为研究结论,本段为研究带来的启示。前后两句呈现研究的不同方面,体现对比关系。观察选项,B项Meanwhile(与此同时)符合原文逻辑关系,即期待未来进一步研究的同时,目前也可以采取一些措施,二者方向不同,但可同时进行。本题答案为B项。
干扰选项:A项Likewise(同样地)提示并列关系,C项Therefore(因此)提示因果关系,D项Instead(相反地)提示转折关系,均不符合原文逻辑关系。
17. 【答案】D(take)
【解析】固定搭配题。take steps(采取措施)为固定搭配,且符合原文语义,即,您可以采取一些措施来帮助减少腹部脂肪并保持瘦肌肉群。本题答案为D项。
干扰选项:A项change(改变),B项watch(观察)和C项count(数),均不能与steps构成符合原文语义的固定搭配。
18. 【答案】A(well-being)
【解析】语境题。由protect both your physical and mental …(保护您身体和心理的……)可知,A项well-being(健康)符合原文语义,即,为了保护您的身心健康。本题答案为A项。
干扰选项:B项process(过程),C项formation(形成)和D项coordination(协调),均不符合原文语义。
19. 【答案】A(level)
【解析】语境题。结合aerobic exercise(有氧运动),并比较各选项,A项level(水平),B项love(热爱),C项knowledge(知识)和D项space(空间),可知,A项符合原文语义,即,维持或提高有氧运动水平。本题答案为A项。
20. 【答案】C(diet)
【解析】逻辑关系题。and提示并列,借助exercise(锻炼),并结合空格后high in fiber(高纤维)和eliminates highly processed foods(去除高度加工的食品),可知,C项diet(日常饮食)符合原文逻辑,即,两种强烈推荐的生活方式分别为:维持或提高有氧运动水平,以及遵循高纤维、去除高度加工食品的地中海式饮食习惯。本题答案为C项。
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