考研英语寒假备考笔记
词汇部分：
1.Some of the most important concepts in physics________ their success to these mathematical systems.
A) oblige
B) owe
C) contribute
D) attribute
2.An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of________ .
A) urgency
B) danger
C) emergency
D) crisis
3.Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is________ loud continuous noise.
A) subjected to
B) filled with
C) associated with
D) attached to
4.Are there any________ for believing that there is life on other planets?
A) facts
B) foundations
C) grounds
D) bases
5.More than two hundred years ago the United States________ from the British Empire and became an independent country.
A) got off
B) pulled down
C) dropped off
D) broke away
6.News writers are expected to be clear and accurate, the form in which they write or speak is________ to that requirement.
A) superior
B) secondary
C) inferior
D) contrary
7.The wine glasses were so________ that I was afraid to carry them home by bus.
A) delicate
B) flexible
C) shaky
D) tender
8.It is well known that knowledge is the________ condition for expansion of mind.
A) incompatible
B) incredible
C) indefinite
D) indispensable
9.Much of the equipment was lying________ because of a lack of spare parts.
A) helpless
B) vacant
C) idle
D) lonely
10.When confronted with such questions, my mind goes________ , and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.
A) dim
B) blank
C) faint
D) vain
11.The poor reception on your TV is probably due to outside________ .
A) interference
B) inaccessibility
C) interruption
D) irregularity
12.Too much________ to X-ray can case skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.
A) disclosure
B) exhibition
C) contact
D) exposure
13.The latest survey of 50 young couples in that city shows the average cost for a wedding has doubled the________ of 1986
A) size
B) number
C) figure
D) quantity
14.It was only after the failure of the talks that the government decided to________ to force
A) use
B) resort
C) apply
D) employ
15.Gasoline is processed from________ oil
A) crude
B) raw
C) rough
D) tough
16.In________ with the new regulations, all tickets must be stamped.
A) combination
B) agreement
C) connection
D) accordance
17.We cannot always________ the wind, so new windmills should be designed that they can also be driven by water.
A) hang on
B) count on
C) hold on
D) come on
18.China has greatly________ its influence in world affairs in the past twenty years.
A) enlarged
B) scattered
C) extended
D) contributed
19.With a wave of his hand , the magician made the rabbit________ .
A) lose
B) escape
C) fly
D) vanish
20.He asked his sister to look after his children________ his death.
A) in the event of
B) in view of
C) on account of
D) on the edge of
语法部分：
1. Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what
2.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
3.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when
4.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which B. whose C. what D./
5.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
6.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
7.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what
8.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
A.that B.which C.for which D.who
9.That is not the way ______I do it.
A./ B.which C.for which D.with which
10.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which
答案：
词汇部分
1.答案B.owe(sth to sth) vt.“应该把……归功于，应感激;欠……(钱、人情)”(如He owned his success to hard work; We owe the general theory of relativity to Einstein; owe sb some money;I owed him a great deal/Agreat deal to him.)oblige vt.“(从法律的角度)迫使;使感激”contribute(to)vt.“捐献，捐助，贡献”attribute (to) vt.“把……归因于，把……归咎于”(它以人作主语，参见71注)
2.答案C.emergency n.“紧急情况，不测事件”(常用搭配：in an emergency;in case of emergency/emergencies; declare the country in a state of emergency“宣布国家处于紧急状态”)○urgency n.[u]“紧急，迫切，紧迫性”danger n.[c]“危险”crisis n.(pl.crises)“危机，危急关头，决定性时刻”
3.答案A.subject (to)vt.“使遭受，使服从”(如subject sb to one’s own will;He was subjected to severe criticism;Scientists subject spacemen to all kinds of tests.)fill(with) vt.“装满，使充满”associate (with) vt.“在思想上)把……联系起来”attach(to) vt.“系，廉洁;使附属于”
4.答案C.ground n.“理由，根据”(多用复数;有使用单数，作不可数名词用，不能加不定冠词：have [no] grounds for –ing;on [the] ground[s] of ill health/that one is ill)fact n.[c]“事实，实情”foundation n.[u]“根据;[c]基础;(pl)地基”base n.“基础，基地”
5.答案D.break away (from)“脱离;突然离开，强行逃脱;与……决裂”(如The man broke away from his guards;He broke away from his family.)get off“从……下来;动身;(没受惩罚或受了一点惩罚)被放过”(没有get off from的说法)pull down “拉下，降低;拆毁(旧房);推翻(from)”drop off”打盹儿;让下车;下降，逐渐减少“(没有drop off from 的说法)
6.答案B.secondary (to) adj.“次等的，次要的，辅助的“superior(to) adj.”较好的，优的，有优越感的，高傲的;(级别)较高的”(注意：没有比较级或最高级)inferior(to) adj.“劣等的，次的;下等的，下级的”contrary (to) adj.“(与……)相反的
7.答案A.delicate adj.“易碎的，纤弱的;纤细的，清秀的，娇嫩的”(delicate silk; the delicate skin of a baby; delicate glass)flexible adj,“易弯曲的，柔韧的;灵活的”○shaky adj.“不稳的，颤动的;靠不住的，动摇的”tender adj,“温柔的;嫩的;一触即痛的”
8.答案D. indispensable (to/for) adj.“必不可少的，必需的”(如Air is indispensable to life; You help is indispensable for the success.)○incompatible(with) adj.“不相容;不相称，不相符”incredible adj.“不能相信的，不可信的;难以置信的，不可思议的”△indefinite adj.“不明确的，含糊的;不确定的，未定的;无定限的，无期限的”
9.答案C. idle adj.“空闲的，闲着的;懒散的，无所事事的”helpless adj.“无助的，无依靠的”vacant adj.(房间、座位等)“未被占用的，空着的.”lonely adj.(由于无人陪伴而感)“孤独的，寂寞的;(某地方)荒凉的，人迹稀少的”
10.答案B. blank adj.“茫然的，无表情的，困惑不解的;空白的”(a blank look on one’s face;a blank sheet of paper ;write your name in the blank space)dim adj.“昏暗的;朦胧的，模糊不清的”faint adj.“(声音、光、呼吸、脉搏等)微弱的，微小的”vain adj,“无效的，徒劳的;自负的，爱虚荣的”
1.答案A.interference n.[u]“阻碍，干扰;干涉，介入”○inaccessibility n.[u]“无法到达，无法接近;无法得到”○-+interruption n.[u]“(被)打断”○irregularity n.[u]“不规则，不规律，不整齐”
12.答案D.exposure (to)n.[u]“暴露于;曝光;揭露”○disclosure(of)n.“透露，显露”exhibition (of)n.“展览(会)contract (with)n.”接触，联系“
13.答案C.figure n.[c]“数字(尤指统计数字)”(figure 作名词还有下面几个问题：“人物<尤指重要任务>;人的形象;外形，轮廓;体形，风姿”)size n.“尺寸，大小”number n.“数目，数字;号码，编号”quantity n.“量，数量”(in quantity “大量”)
14.答案B.resort to“求助于，凭借，诉诸(武力);采取(某种措施作为最后手段)”(resort to force/violence; resort to stealing; resort to lying)use vt.“用，使用”(后面直接跟宾语)apply to “适用于;向……提出申请”employ vt.“用，使用;雇佣”
15.答案A.crude adj.“天然的，未加工的”(crude oil; crude sugar; crude salt; crude materials)(crude 的另外两个四级意思是：“简陋的，粗糙的;粗鲁的，粗俗的”：a crude shelter in the forest; a crude drawing; a crude theory ;crude people; crude behavior)raw adj.“未加工过的;未煮过的，生的;未经训练的，没有经验的”rough adj.“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大致的”tough adj.“(食物等)老的，难嚼的;(人)强壮的，坚强的;能吃苦耐劳的;困难的，艰苦的。”
16.答案D.accordance n.“一致，符合”(in accordance with “与……一致;按照，根据”：act in accordance with the orders/with the instruction)in combination with “与……相结合” in agreement with (作表语)“同意(某人的意见、观点、看法)“in connection with ”关于，有关，和……联系起来;和……一道“
17.答案B.count on“依靠，指望“(句型:count on sb/sth;count on –ing;count on sb to help you ;count on sb –ing)hang on ”不挂断(电话);等待片刻;坚持，抓紧不放;有赖于，取决于”hold on(独立使用，后面不跟什么)“握住不放;等一会儿”come on(独立使用)(表示鼓励或催促)“快;进步，进展;发生，开始”
18.答案C. extend vt.“扩大;延伸;表示(敬意、感谢)，发出(邀请);给予(欢迎、帮助)”(extend one’s influence; extend one’s visit; extend both hands; extend a warm welcome/congratulations/one’s sympathy/best regards to sb)enlarge vt.“扩大(面积、规模)，放大”scatter v.“撒，使散开，驱散”contribute (to)vt.“捐献，捐助，贡献”
19.答案D.vanish vi.“消失，突然不见;消散，消灭”lose vt.“失去，丢失;迷路，输掉”escape v.“逃跑;逃避，避免，躲避”
20.答案A.in the event of“万一;如果(发生某种情况)”(与in case of同义)(如In the event of fire ,ring the fire alarm; In the event that our team wins, there will be a celebration.)in view of “鉴于，考虑到，由于”on count of“因为，由于”on the edge of “处于……的边缘;即将”
语法部分
1. A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以……而闻名".
2. C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语.
3. A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.
4. D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。
5. D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.
6. B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.
7. A. The reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意
换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。
8. B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.
9. A. 解释见28题.
10. D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.
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