文体类英语阅读理解题
以下是小编收集整理的高考的文体类英语阅读理解题以及答案解析，一起来参考练习一下吧!
第一篇：
Below is a selection from a popular science book.
If blood is red, why are veins(静脉) blue?
Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when it's outside the body, when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it's more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.
Which works harder, your heart or your brain?
That kind of depends on whether you're busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.
Why do teeth fall out, and why don't they grow back in grown-ups?
Baby(or“milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you're done. When they're gone, they're gone. This is because nature figures you're set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.
Do old people shrink as they age?
Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn't because they're shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力). Many(but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don't really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards—their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it's because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.
Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?
Because your brain gets confused between what you're seeing and what you're feeling. The brain senses that you're spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you're moving while you're not!
Where do feelings and emotions come from?
Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area—from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.
If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?
Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, it's “use it, or lose it”! It's not that exercise makes you healthy; it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.
46. What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?
A. Blue. B. Light yellow.
C. Red. D. Dark reddish purple.
47.Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?
A. Because their spine is in active use.
B. Because they are more easily affected by gravity.
C. Because they keep growing backwards.
D. Because their spine becomes more bent.
48.Which of the following statements about our brain is true?
A. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.
B. When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.
C. The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.
D. Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.
49.What is the main purpose of the selection?
A. To give advice on how to stay healthy.
B. To provide information about our body.
C. To challenge new findings in medical research.
D. To report the latest discoveries in medical science.
第二篇：
The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert(警觉). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.
60.The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________.
A.sense of hearing
B.sense of sight
C.sense of touch
D.sense of smell
61.Babies are sensitive to the change in ________.
A.the size of cards
B.the colour of pictures
C.the shape of patterns
D.the number of objects
62.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.
B.To see how babies recognize sounds.
C.To carry their experiment further.
D.To keep the babies' interest.
63.Where does this text probably come from?
A.Science fiction.
B.Children's literature.
C.An advertisement.
D.A science report.
>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<
第一篇：
【要点综述】 本文是一篇常见的应用文，主要向读者介绍了与我们人体相关的一些知识和信息。
46.D 考查细节理解。从第一则中的“…it's more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知，血液应该是深紫红色，所以答案选D项。
47.D 考查细节理解。从第四则中的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse…”可知，由于脊柱的弯曲，所以导致老年人看起来有点矮了，所以答案选D项。
48.A 考查细节理解。从第二则中的“But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.”可知，脑子要比心脏更努力、更辛苦，所以答案选A项。
49.B 考查写作意图。从全文知，这是一篇医学科技类的文章，主要介绍了与我们人体相关的一些知识，所以B项能很好地概括全文。
第二篇：
【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的.敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行实验。
60.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“She stares at it carefully.”可知，本段是对孩子的视觉进行实验。故选B。
61.D 事实细节题。根据文章第二段中的“Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.”可知D正确。
62.C 推理判断题。文章第一段描述对孩子的视力进行实验，接下来用鼓来对孩子的听力继续实验。所以选C。
63.D 推理判断题。纵观文章，这是一篇医学实验报告，所以选D。
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