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高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译
阅读理解中主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题及正误判断题是常考的题型。为了帮助大家练习阅读理解能力，小编整理了高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译，希望对你有帮助！
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 1
Soldiers and other military people wear uniforms with various other symbols to indicate their status.But in the business world everyone wears more or less similar suits, and you cannot tell at a glance who ranks higher or lower than another.So how do people in the business world show their superiority? An attempt to study this was made by two researchers using a series of silent films.They had two actors play the parts of an executive(经理)and a visitor, and switch roles each time.The scene had one man at his desk playing the part of an executive, while the other, playing the part of a visitor, knocks at the door, opens it and approaches the desk to discuss some business matter.
The audience watching the films was asked to rate the executive and the visitor in terms of status.A certain set of rules about status began to emerge from the ratings.The visitor showed the least amount of status when he stopped just inside the door to talk across the room to the seated man.He was considered to have more status when he walked halfway up to the desk, and he had the most status when he walked directly up to the desk and stood right in front Of the seated executive.
Another thing that affected the status of the visitor in the eyes of the observers was the time between knocking and entering.For the seated executive, his status was also affected by the time between hearing the knock and answering.The quicker the visitor entered the room, the more status he had.The longer the executive took to answer, the more status he had.
41.The experiment designed by the two researchers aimed at finding out _____
A.how business is conducted by all executive and a visitor
B. how to tell the differences between an executive and a visitor
C.how to tell businessmen at a glance
D.how businessmen indicate status
42. Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
A.The executive has a higher status than the visitor.
B.Military people wear uniforms but the businessmen do not
C.A study revealing a set of rules about the status of businessmen.
D. It is a good method to use a series of silent film in research.
43. Having entered the room, the closer the visitor approaches the executive, ___
A.the less it affected his status
B.the lower his status
C.the more it affected his status
D.the higher his status
44.The longer the seated man was in answering the knock,_____
A.the higher his status
B.the less it affected his status
C.the lower his status
D. the more it affected his status
45.Which statement is NOT true?
A. Soldiers wear uniforms with various symbols so that one call tell their status at a glance.
B.In the experiment.one actor played the executive while the other played the seated man
C.Business people wear similar suits.
D. The audience watching the film rated the executive and the visitor in terms of status.
答案：DCDAB
士兵和其他军队中的人都要穿制服，并且衣服上有各种各样的标志来表明他们的身份地位。但是在商业的世界中，几乎每个人都穿的差不多一样的衣服。乍看之下，很难分出身份地位的高低。那么，在商界，人们如果表明自己高人一等呢?
2个研究者通过一系列的默剧对此进行尝试和研究。剧中只有2个演员，分饰经理和拜访者的角色，每次两人都要交换角色。剧中演的是经理坐在办公桌旁边办公，来访者敲门，推开门，往办公桌走去，和经理讨论业务上的`事情。
观看的观众被要求说出经理和拜访者的地位孰高孰低。从观众的意见总结出一套地位的归路。当拜访者站在刚进门的地方，远远的穿过整个房间和经理说话，表明来访者的地位最低。当拜访者站在门和桌子的中间时，地位较高;当他径直走到桌子旁边站在经理前面时，地位最高。
在观众眼中，另一个影响拜访者地位的事情是他敲门和进房间之间的时间间隔。对于坐在那里的经理来说，他的地位受听到敲门和应答的时间间隔的影响。拜访者越早的进入房间，他的地位就越高。
经理越迟应答敲门声，他的地位越高。
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 2
Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is“Dont!”.But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act, although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama sch001.Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted, and the course lasts two years.Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company(剧团)，usually as an assistant stage manager This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre and occasionally acting in very small parts It is very hard work indeed, the hours are long and the salary is tiny.
Of course, some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and Success without this long and hard training.Connie Pratt, for example, was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory.A film producer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop, as he drove past in his car.He stopped and got out to speak to the girl.He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test, and she thought he was joking Then she got angry and said she would call the police It took the producer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious The test was successful.And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day But chances like this happen once in a blue moon
36. From the very beginning, the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession （A）
A. sought after by too many
B.too difficult for young people
C.for slim people only
D.one can go into without special training
37.For someone who feels he must act, it is very likely that （D）
A.he will become a film star at long last
B. he will become a stage manager
C. he will be well paid
D.he will end up without any Success
38.The film producer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was （D）
A.at work in a bicycle factory
B.driving past him in her car
C.going to a film studio
D.waiting for a bus
39.A few weeks after the test.Connie Pratt found herself （B）
A. the most famous actress of the world
B.playing the leading female role in a play
C.as famous as the greatest actor of the world
D.no less famous than the leading actor of the day
40. The concluding sentence “chances like this happen once in a blue moon” means （D）
A. this is something which happens once in a while
B.this is a highly profitable chance
C.this is something highly possible
D. this is a very rare chance
答案：ADDBD
演艺界是一个人口密度过高的职业。对于想登上舞台的年轻人的唯一建议就是不要进入。但是想劝阻那些明知成功的机会很渺茫却执意要做演员的人，这种说教是无用的。要做演员通常办法就是去戏剧学院进修。通常这里只接受有前途和有天赋的.学生，课程要花2年的时间。之后，年轻的女艺人或者男艺人以舞台助理的身份，参与到剧团的工作。这意味着要做和舞台相关的所有事务和偶尔的跑龙套。这确实是很辛苦的工作，工作时间长，薪水又少的可怜。
当然，有些人没有经过长期辛苦训练，而是是通过不寻常的机会就获得了声望和成功。例如说，Connie Pratt原本是自行车厂的一个普通女工。某个早晨她在公车站等车的时候被一个开车路过的电影制作人看中了。制作人停车出来和她交谈，问她是否愿意来摄影棚试镜。Connie认为他只是在开玩笑罢了。最后她生气了，还威胁说要叫警察。最后制作人花了20分钟的时间让Connie相信他是认真的。试镜很成功。几个星期之后，她就作为女主角和当时很有名的一个男演员在一部戏中演对手戏了。但是，类似这样的机会少之又少啊。
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 3
People used to say, “The hand that rocks (摇) the cradle (摇篮) rules the world.” and “Behind every successful man there is a woman.”
Both these sayings mean the same thing. Men rule the world, but their mothers and wives rule them..
Most American women wish to make their husbands and sons successful, but some of them want more for themselves. They want good jobs. When they work they want to be better paid. They want to be as successful as men.
The American women’s liberation movement was started by women who didn’t want to stand behind successful men. They wanted to stand beside men, with the same chance for success. They refused to work side by side with men who do the same work for a higher pay.
A liberated woman must be proud of being a woman and have confidence (自信) in herself. If somebody says to her, “You have come a long way, baby.” she will smile and answer, “Not nearly as far as I’m going to go, baby!”
This movement is quite new, and many American women don’t agree yet. But it has already made some important changes in women’s lives--- in men’s lives, too.
1. “Behind every successful man there is a woman” means_______.
A. men are always successful but not women
B. women are not willing to stand in front of men
C. women do play an important part in men’s lives and work
D. women can be as successful as men
2. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Some American women want to work side by side with men and get the same pay for the same work.
B. Most American women want to be more successful than men.
C. Not every American woman wants to get a job.
D. The American women’s liberation movement did make some changes in women’s lives.
3. According to the passage, many American women today are ________。
A. still going a long way to work
B. working at easier jobs than men
C. unwilling to work side by side with men
D. willing to be less important than men as they used to
4. “Not nearly as far as I’m going to go”means ______.
A. I’m still going to work farther away from home
B. I’m not going to work far away from home
C. I’m not satisfied with what I’ve done
D. What I have done is not far from success
5. The American women’s liberation movement ________.
A. have still a long way to go B. is a failure
C. was started by many successful women D. is a new thing not accepted by the writer
参考答案：
1C 2 B 3 D 4 C 5 A
人们常说：“那只会摇晃的手(摇) 摇篮(摇篮) 统治世界。”“每个成功男人的背后都有一个女人。”
这两句话的意思是一样的。男人统治着世界，但他们的母亲和妻子统治着他们。。
大多数美国女性希望让自己的丈夫和儿子获得成功，但也有一些女性希望自己获得更多。他们想要好工作。当他们工作时，他们希望得到更好的报酬。他们想和男人一样成功。
美国妇女解放运动是由那些不想支持成功男人的妇女发起的。他们想和男人站在一起，有同样的成功机会。他们拒绝与那些为了更高的薪水而做同样工作的人并肩工作。
一个解放的女人必须为自己是一个女人而自豪，并有信心(自信) 她自己。如果有人对她说：“亲爱的.，你已经走了很长的路。”她会微笑着回答：“远没有我要走的那么远，亲爱的！”
这场运动是一场全新的运动，许多美国女性还不同意。但它已经在生活中做出了一些重要的改变。
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 4
The home computer industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last ten years . Computers used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use . But scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the same time they have been made easier to use. As a result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers have been designed to store information and compute problems that are difficult for human beings to work out. Some have voices that speak with the operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories(库存货物) and to send bills to their customers(顾客) . Offices use computers to copy letters, record business and keep in touch with other offices. People have been using computers in their homes to keep track of the money they spend.
One important new use for computers is for entertainment(娱乐). Many new games have been designed to be played on the computers. People of all ages have been playing these games, People also have been buying home computers to play computer games, watch movies and listen to concerts at home. They have become very popular indeed.
1. Computers used to _____.
A. work rapidly B. be large and expensive
C. be easy to use D. be used for fun
2. In recent years , computers are being made ______.
A. larger and more expensive B. smaller and cheaper
C. more difficult to use D. to work more slowly
3. Home computers can be used for ______.
A. writing letters B. playing games C. doing business D. all of the above
4. Salesmen use computers mainly to ______.
A. check the list of goods and materials that are kept in the store house
B. play games for pleasure
C. talk with their friends
D. write letters
5. The best title for the passage would be _______.
A. New Uses For Computers B. The Popularity of Home Computers
C. The Home Computer Industry D. Computers At Home
参考答案：
1B 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 B
在过去的十年里，美国的家用电脑行业一直在快速发展。计算机曾经是昂贵的大型机器，很难使用。但科学家和技术人员一直在使它们更小、更便宜，同时也使它们更容易使用。因此，随着越来越多的人为家庭和企业购买电脑，它们的受欢迎程度越来越高。计算机被设计用来存储信息和计算人类难以解决的问题。有些人有与运营商对话的声音。商店用电脑记录存货(库存货物) 并将账单发送给客户(顾客) . 办公室使用电脑复制信件、记录业务并与其他办公室保持联系。人们一直在家里使用电脑来记录他们的`消费情况。
计算机的一个重要的新用途是娱乐(娱乐). 许多新游戏都被设计成可以在电脑上玩。各个年龄段的人都在玩这些游戏，人们也购买家用电脑在家玩电脑游戏、看电影和听音乐会。它们确实很受欢迎。
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 5
Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had—not legs but stumps(残肢) that could he fitted with a kind of special boots, People stared at him with cruel interest. Children laughed at him and called him ‘Ape Man’ (猿人) because his arms practically dragged on the ground.
Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way through college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheel chair.
Hank felt himself got cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs(假腿). Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror, For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be——a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.
Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room , and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.
When World War II came , he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job. He took the regular training. he marched and drilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless. This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs.
1. Children laughed at Hank and called him ‘Ape Man’ because ______.
A. he didn’t talk to them
B. he kept away from them
C. his arms touched the ground when he moved
D. he couldn’t use his arms
2. It can be inferred from the story that five feet eight inches tall is ______.
A. an average height for a fully grown person B. too tall for an average person
C. too short for an average person D. none of the above
3. The sentence “he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job” implies that the Red Cross _____.
A. was only glad to give him a job
B. gave him a job because he was a good soldier
C. gave him a job after he talked to someone whom he knew in the organization
D. was not willing to give him a job at first
4. When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers, he ______.
A. did everything the other soldiers did
B. did most of the things the other soldiers did
C. did some of the things the other soldiers did
D. took some special training
5. The writer suggests that Hank Viscardi _______.
A. had no friends B. never saw himself as different from others
C. was very shy D. was too proud to accept help from others
参考答案：
1C 2 A 3 D 4 A 5 B
汉克·维斯卡迪生来就没有腿。他有——不是腿，而是树桩(残肢) 人们饶有兴趣地盯着他看。孩子们嘲笑他，称他为“猿人”(猿人) 因为他的胳膊几乎拖在地上。
汉克和其他男孩一样上学。他的成绩很好，只需要八年时间就可以完成学业，而不是通常的十二年。从学校毕业后，他一路努力读完了大学。他打扫地板，在餐桌上侍候，或者在学院的.一间办公室工作。在这忙碌的一生中，他一直在树桩上走来走去。但有一天，医生告诉他，即使是树桩也不会持续太久。他很快就得坐轮椅了。
汉克觉得自己浑身发冷。然而，医生说他有可能被安装假肢(假腿). 终于找到了一个造腿工，汉克站在镜子前的那一天到来了。这是他第一次看到自己一直想要的样子——整整五英尺八英寸高。这时他已经26岁了。
汉克必须学会使用他的新腿。他一次又一次地走完了整个房间，然后又往回走。有几次他摔倒在地板上，但他振作起来，继续无休止的行军。他走到街上。他爬楼梯，学会了跳舞。他造了一艘船并学会了驾驶。
第二次世界大战来临时，他说服红十字会给他一份工作。他参加了常规训练。他和其他士兵一起行进和训练。很少有人知道他没有腿。这是汉克·维斯卡迪的真实故事，一个没有腿的人。
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 6
What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
1."You would rather follow than red" means_______. a.you dont like to follow others
b.you would be a member rather than a leader c.you would be afraid of following others
d.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower 2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________. a.red to yellow
b.blue to orange
c.red to grey
d.blue to yellow
3."They tell us, among other facts,that we dont choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.
a.besides other facts
b.in regard to other facts c.not considering other facts d.according to other facts 4.Which of the following is facts?
a.Peoples preference of one colour to another is instinct b.Peoples preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.
c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were born
d.Colours have little influence on our moods
5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.
a.its shape
b.its structure
c.its colour
d.its building materials
参考答案：
1、b；2、c；3、a；4、a；5、c
你最喜欢的颜色是什么？你喜欢黄色、橙色、红色吗？如果你这样做了，你必须是一个乐观主义者，一个领导者，一个积极的人，享受生活，享受他人和兴奋。你喜欢灰色和蓝色吗？然后你可能很安静，害羞，你宁愿跟随而不是领导。你往往是个悲观主义者。至少，这是心理学家告诉我们的，他们应该知道，因为他们一直在认真研究颜色偏好的含义，以及颜色对人类的影响。他们告诉我们，除了其他事实之外，我们在成长过程中不会选择自己喜欢的颜色——我们生来就有自己的偏好。如果你碰巧喜欢棕色，只要你睁开眼睛，或者至少当你能看清楚的.时候，你就会这么做。
颜色确实会影响我们的情绪——这是毫无疑问的。黄色的房间比深绿色的房间让大多数人感到更愉快、更放松；一件红色连衣裙为最悲伤的冬日带来温暖和欢乐。另一方面，黑色令人沮丧。伦敦附近泰晤士河上的一座黑色桥梁曾经是该地区自杀人数最多的桥梁，直到它被重新漆成绿色。企图自杀的人数立即急剧下降；如果这座桥是粉红色或浅蓝色的，也许它会掉得更多。
浅色明亮的颜色使人不仅更健康，而且更活跃。当工厂的机器被漆成橙色而不是黑色或灰色时，工厂工人工作得更好、更努力，事故更少，这是一个既定的事实。
高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译 7
There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.
The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.
Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.
1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______. A.if we complete our short-range goals B.if we cannot reach solid short-term goals C.if we write down the dates D.if we put forward some plans
2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______. A.two years B.long-term goals
C.current activities D.the goals that have been completed 3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______. A.we will win final success B.we are overwhelmed
C.we should build up confidence of success D.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.
A.we should stick to them until we complete them
B.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities
C.we had better wait for the exciting news of success D.we have made great decision
5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______. A.those who habe long-term goals will succeed B.writing down the dates may discourage you
C.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desination D.every should have a goal
参考答案：
1、a；2、d；3、c；4、b；5、c
目标有三种：短期目标、中期目标和长期目标。短期目标是指那些通常涉及当前活动的目标，我们可以每天应用这些目标。这些目标可以在一周或更短的时间内实现，也可以在两周或可能的几个月内实现。应该记住的是，正如一座建筑并不比它的地基更坚固一样，如果没有实现坚实的短期目标，长期目标就不可能很艰巨。在完成我们的短期目标后，我们应该确定时机，然后在已经完成的基础上增加新的.短期目标。
中间目标建立在短距离目标的基础上。他们可能只处理一个学期或整个学年，甚至可以延长几年。任何时候你一步一个脚印，你都不应该让自己气馁或不知所措。当你完成每一步时，你会坚定自己成长和成功的信念。随着完成日期的增加，你的动力和欲望也会增加。
长期目标可能与我们对未来的梦想有关。它们可能涵盖五年或更长时间。生活不是一成不变的。我们决不应该让一个长期目标限制我们或我们的行动。
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