常见的几种目的状语

时间:2023-03-13 09:04:00 英语写作 我要投稿
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常见的几种目的状语

  引导语:小编以前写英语作文的时候最害怕的就是要用到目的状语了,因为语法太多变了,今天小编给大家整理了常见的几种目的状语,希望对大家的英语写作有帮助。

  一、用to do sth表目的

  用不定式表目的是最简单也是最常用的方法,它既可以用于句末,也可用于句首,但比较而言,用于句首时,其强调意味较浓。如:

  To avoid any delay please phone your order direct. 为免延误,请直接打电话预订。

  To keep themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. 为了不至于睡着,他们坐在地板上轮流着讲故事。

  二、用so as to do sth表目的

  so as to do sth是to do sth的变体,意思是“以便”“为了”“为的是”等。用so as to do sth表示目的时,它通常用于句末。如:

  The two lovers dropped back so as to be alone. 那对情人落在后面,为的是两人好单独在一起。

  I always keep fruit in the fridge so as to keep insects off it. 我总是把水果放在冰箱里,以防虫子叮咬。

  三、用in order to do sth表目的

  in order to do sth也是to do sth的变体。用in order to do sth表示目的时,它既可以用于句末,也可用于句首,但比较而言,用于句首时,其强调意味较浓。如:

  She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早,图的是得个好座位。

  Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 完成这些目标需要团队合作。

  四、用so that表目的

  so as to和so that均可表示目的,两者的区别是,前者引出不定式,后者用以引导目的状语从句。与用so as to do sth表示目的的情形相似,so that引导的目的状语从句通常位于主句之后。如:

  They wrote the notices in several languages so that foreign tourists could understand them. 他们把通知用几国文字写出来,以便让各国游客都能看得懂。

  有时可省略其中的that。如:

  Leave the keys out so (that) I remember to take them with me. 把钥匙放在外面,好让我记得带。

  I deliberately didn’t have lunch so (that) I would be hungry tonight. 我有意没吃午饭,为的就是让自己今晚能感到饿。

  五、用in order that表目的

  in order to和in order that均可表示目的,两者的区别是,前者引出不定式,后者用以引导目的状语从句。与用in order to do sth表示目的的情形相似,in order that引导的目的状语从句可以位于主句之前或之后。如:

  These men risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 这些人甘冒生命危险,为的是让我们生活更安全。

  I bought a new car in order that my wife might learn to drive. 我买了一辆新车,以便我妻子学习驾驶。

  In order that you may create such a picture, you have to possess certain artistic weapons. 创作这样的画,你得具有某些艺术手段。

  六、用in case表目的

  in case用于引导目的状语从句时,意思是“以防”“以免”。如:

  You’d better take the keys in case I’m out. 你最好带上钥匙,以防我不在家。

  Listen out for the baby in case she wakes up. 注意听宝宝的动静,她醒来好知道。

  in case 引导的目的状语从句有时也可位于主句之前。如:

  In case anyone was following me, I made an elaborate detour. 为了防止有人跟踪我,我特地绕了弯路。

  注:也有人认为这样用的in case 从句为原因状语从句,意思是“因为怕……”。比较:

  I had a snack, just in case there was no time to eat later. 我吃了些点心,以防过会儿没有时间吃饭。(将in case译成“以防”,将之视为目的状语从句)

  I had a snack, just in case there was no time to eat later. 我吃了些点心,因为怕过会儿没有时间吃饭。(将in case译成“因为怕”,将之视为原因状语从句)

  七、用for fear (that) 表目的

  for fear that 用于引导目的状语从句时,与 in case 大致同义,意思是“以防”“以免”。如:

  Scientists reject a total ban for fear it will undermine efforts to stop the spread of malaria. 科学家们反对全面禁止,以免削弱为防止疟疾扩散所作的努力。

  注:与in case一样,for fear that 引导的从句有时也被理解为原因状语从句,并将其翻译为“因为怕……”。比较:

  Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子关上以防下雨。(将for fear that 译成“以防”,将之视为目的状语从句)

  Shut the window for fear that it may rain. 把窗子关上,因为怕下雨。(将for fear that 译成“因为怕”,将之视为原因状语从句)

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