英语的平行结构详解
英语平行结构是指连接两个或以上对等的词和对等的结构，想要学好英语怎么能不知道平行结构的用法呢?下面就让小编为大家详解一下吧。
英语平行结构详解
一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构并列连词
（and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also）rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致
例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.
例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.
2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致
例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in
class.
例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.
例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.
3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致
例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.
例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.
4.所连接的句子结构必须一致
例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.
例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.
二、某些特定的固定结构。例如：
1、有些词后要用平行结构。例如：
prefer sth to sth
prefer doing sth to doing sth
prefer to do sth rather than do sth
（1）I prefer rice to noodles.
（2）I prefer watching TV to listening to music.
（3）He preferred to die rather than surrender.
2、有些结构中要用平行结构。例如：
would ， had rather ， sooner do something than do something, would， had as soon do something as do something
(宁可……也不……)
（1）Liu Hulan said she had rather die than give up.
（2） I would as soon stay at home as go.
三、部分强调句
要强调句子的某一部分，可以把句子的结构改变一下，通常有两种表示强调的句式：It is / was … that …结构和What … is was…结构。
一、It is， was … that … 结构
1.It is，was … that … 结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分
例1：It was my mother that threw an egg at Mr. Li yesterday.
例2：It was Mr. Li that my mother threw an egg at yesterday.
2.被强调的部分指人时，可用who枵whom
强调主语时，如果指的是人， 可以不用that而用who来代替。强调宾语时，如果指点的是人，可用whom.例如：
（1）It was the dean who walked by.
（2）It was Mary whom the old lady missed most.
3被强调部分指物时，要用that
例如：It was an egg that my mother threw at Mr. Li yesterday.
4.被强调部分是状语时，也只能用that，不能用when或where.
例1：It is during his spare time that John has been studying a course in French.
例2：It was in the hall that the mayor held the press conference.
5.不能用It is / was … that 结构强调动词
强调动词常用do,过去式用did.例如：
（1） They did study very hard yesterday.
（2）He does look forward to making the acquaintance of her.
What … is / was … 结构
二、What … is / was … 结构常用来强调主语或宾语，在这种结构中，is/ was后面是强调的部分。例如：
（1）What hurts is my left leg.
（2）What I like is her style.
英语句型结构知识点“复合句”详解
复合句
复合句(Complex Sentence)由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在;从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。
从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导。
宾语从句的语法意义及结构
语法意义：
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句通常由连词(that, whether, if)、连接代词(which, what, who, whose, whom)或连接副词(where, how, when, why)等引导。及物动词、介词或某些系表结构后可带宾语从句。
句型结构：
主语+谓语+引导词+主语+谓语(+其他成分)
结果状语从句
连词有：so … that, such … that
(1) so...that"如此……以致"，that在非正式文体中可以省略，so后面接形容词或副词。如：
She spoke __________ fast ___________ nobody could catch what she was saying.
她说话如此之快竟没有人听出来她在讲什么。
There is _________ little time left _________ I have to tell you about it later.
现在剩下的.时间不多了，我只好以后再给你讲这件事。
(2) such...that"如此……以致",
具体内 容是：
①such +形容词+名词+that从句。其中的名词可以是可数名词的单数或复数，也可以是不可数名词。
② such +a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句,可换成so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句。如：
The Japanese student made _________ rapid progress __________ he soon began to write article in Chinese.
那个日本留学生进步很快，不久就开始用中文写文章了。
The professor told us __________________________ all the students laughed.
=___________________________________________________________________________.
教授讲了个很有趣的故事，(以致于)所有的学生都笑了起来。
She is _________ beautiful __________ everyone likes her.
= ___________________________________________________________________________.
英语定语从句知识点：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1.二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词.关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语.宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3. 先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
（1） This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.
（2） He was the only person in this country who was invited.
初中英语知识点总结：
1. Why don’t you do sth.?
2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb.
4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth.
6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb.
8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what…
10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth.
12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth.
14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth.
16. It is said that…
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