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职称英语综合类语法辅导之副词
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一、地点副词
一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。
如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions.(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动)
The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)
He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)
二、时间副词
一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。
如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城)
They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次)
Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)
三、频度副词
一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。
如:Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早)
The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭)
Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次)
四、程度副词
修饰动词时,放在动词之前;修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面;only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。
如:I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了)
It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵)
She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)
五、疑问副词
用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。
如:When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生?)
Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上?)
How do you do?(你好)
六、连接副词
用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。
How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)
That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因)
He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)
七、关系副词
用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。
如:This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)
Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)
八、其它副词
too“也”,用在句尾;also放在动词前;either “也不”,放在句尾;nor“也不”,放在句首;so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前;on/off“开/关”放在动词之后;not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前;maybe/perhaps放在句首;certainly放在句首或动词之前。
如:He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了)
Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里)
――Tom doesn't have a computer.?Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)
九、作宾语补足语
地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。
如:Put your dirty socks away,Jim!They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开!它们在散发着臭气。)
Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)
注意:“动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。
如:He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)→He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来)
especially 特别,尤其,格外
eventually 终于,最后
ever 在任何时候,从来
固定搭配:for ever 永远
everywhere 到处,各处,无论何处
exceedingly 非常,极其
extremely 极度地,极端地
fairly ①相当,尚可,还②公平地,公正地
finally 最后,终于
firmly 坚固地,坚硬地,稳固地
forever 永远,老是
forth 向前,往外
固定搭配:and so forth 等等
fortunately 幸运地,幸亏
十、作定语
时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。
如:People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴)
Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)
十一、副词作表语
地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。
如:I'm very sorry he isn't in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)
I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了)
Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)
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