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职称英语真题《综合B》阅读理解精选题
2017年职称英语考试备考开始啦，为了让大家了解职称英语考试难易程度，下面yjbys网小编为大家提供了职称英语历年考试真题及答案详解，以下是职称英语历年真题《综合B》阅读理解真题精选题。
职称英语真题《综合B》阅读理解题 1
The Day a Language Died
When Carios Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too.Westez, more commonly
known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language Catawba.
Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations.__________ (46) They are all that is left of the Catawba language.The language that people used to speak is gone forever.
We are all aware of the danger that modem industry can cause the worlds ecology (生态).
However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life.English has spread all over the word.Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages as well.__________ (47) When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.
Scholars believe there are around 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years.There are many examples, Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean.It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear.Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers.__________(48) In the Americas,100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, are dying out.
Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the danger of language death and to try to do something about it.He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue.__________ (49) The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular.Now he is gone, and the language is dead.
What does it mean for the rest of us when a language disappears? When a plant insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what has been lost and to for the balance of the natural word.However, language is only a product of the mind.To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder, must be a peculiarly lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species.__________ (50)
A.Some people might want to learn some of these songs by hearts.
B.Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100of them are in danger of extinction ( 灭绝 ) .
C.However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.
D.These languages dont have many native speakers.
E.For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.
F.As these languages become more powerful, their use as tools of business and culture increase.
答案与解析
46.A。从原文来看，空白处前面一句讲到那些想要听卡托巴语歌曲的人就需要联系Smithsonian机构，因为早在20世纪40年代，Red Thunder Cloud为未来的后代灌录了一系列的歌曲;空白处后一句说的是这些歌曲都是以卡托巴语保留的。由此可知空白处应该讨论这些卡托巴语歌曲的事情，所以A(有些人可能想要用心学习这些歌曲)比较合适，符合内容一致的原则。
47.F。从原文来看，空白处前面一句讲的是汉语、西班牙语、俄语和印地语已经变成很强大的语言(powerful)，与F项中powerful一致，而且these languages与空白处前的languages“Chinese，Spanish，Russian，and Hindi”指代也比较一致，所以F(当这些语言变得更加强大时，他们作为商业和文化的工具的使用就会增加)符合原文，符合指代一致的原则。
48.B。从原文来看，空白处之前的句子说的是埃塞俄比亚的许多语言也面临着消亡的命运，因为说那些语言的人太少了;空白处之后的句子说的是在美洲有近100种语言因为说话人少于300人也正在消亡。所以空白处谈论的也应该是语言消亡的例子，再结合第三段的首句可知本段主要谈论语言的消亡，所以B(新几内亚有着非常丰富的不同语言的.来源，但是有100多种语言正濒临灭绝)是正确答案，符合内容与段落主题句一致的原则，其中die out反复出现。
49.c。从原文来看，空白处前面一句讲的是Red Thunder Cloud并非出生在卡托巴，而且卡托巴语也不是其母语;空白处后一句讲的是他为Smithsonian机构所唱的歌曲使得美洲本土的音乐流行起来。因此，空白处谈论的还是RedThunderCloud唱歌的问题，所以C(但是，他经常访问South Carcinoma的Catawba的保留地，并在那里学会了这种语言)比较符合原文语义，从逻辑上解释了为什么卡托巴不是Red Thunder Cloud的母语，但是他却会唱卡托巴语的歌曲，符合上下文逻辑一致的原则。
50.E。从该段的首句来看，本段主要讨论语言消亡给我们带来的后果，从剩余的两个选项D和E比较来看，E选项(对我们剩下的人而言，当语言消亡的时候，我们失去了用一种独特方式观察和描述这个世界的可能性)符合该段的内容，而且E项中的“for the restofus”与段落首句的“for the rest ofus”也保持了一致。
职称英语真题《综合B》阅读理解题 2
Text one
Teaching Is "One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK"
(1) The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary-school teaching (pupils aged 11-16), and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers, Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who say they would "seriously consider" teaching as a career has fallen sharply,from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today.The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage more intelligent young graduates into teaching.
(2) The main drawback of secondary teaching according to the report, is the low salary.Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer young people decide to be teachers.Joanne Manners,24, is a good example: "I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher-training course to become a maths teacher -- but when I looked into the details, it became clear that teaching isnt very lucrative(赚钱的) job these days.I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising, and so I decided not to become a teacher."
(3) Its not just about the money, however.The survey concluded that another reason why people dont want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school.A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do not have the same respect for teachers as in the past.Heres the view of Dave Hallam, an account from London, "I think parents are to blame.They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers,"
(4)"I love teaching; its my passion.Ive been a secondary-school teacher of Spanish for ten years now, and although its a very demanding job, its very satisfying.When I see my students passing their Spanish exams, or singing along to Spanish pop songs, it makes me feel so proud," says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London.So what does he think the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers, "I find that I always have too much work to do."
(5) The report is clear that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one.It says that the government should raise teachers pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions.It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in the newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people.Another solution could be set a maximum number hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers."Hopefully," the report concludes, "these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching, and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the future."
23.Paragraph 1 __________
24.Paragraph 2__________
25.Paragraph 3 __________
26.Paragraph 4 __________
A.Students bad behavior and lack of discipline
B.Improvement of children behavior
C.Heavy workload on teachers
D.The problem of low salary
E.A report on teacher shortage
F.A nationwide publicity campaign
27.More and more young people are held back from teaching __________.
28.Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are ___________.
29.The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease__________.
30.The government should promote teaching as a career by advertising __________.
A.its benefits
B.their childhood memories
C.their stress
D.more training
E.discipline problems
F.because oflow pay
Text two
The Storyteller
(1) Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen.And thats what he has always been about.The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona.From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.
(2) Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.He believes that E.T.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, "It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life." "He was scared of just about everything," recalls his mother, Leah Adler."When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed.And thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist."
(3)Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War II battles.Spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends.On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention."Steven would start telling his ghost stories," says Richard Y.Hoffman Jr.,leader of Troop 294, "and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it."
(4) Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated.Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.
Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship (实习) in Hollywood.Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college.He never looked back.
(5) Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent.Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs."The process for me is mostly intuitive(凭直觉的 ) ," he says."There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it.And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel (续集) to Jurassic Park."
23.Paragraph 1 __________
24.Paragraph 2 __________
25.Paragraph 3 __________
26.Paragraph 4 __________
A.Inspirations for his movies
B.The trouble of making movies
C.A funny man
D.Getting into the movie business
E.Telling stories to make friends
F.An aim of life
27.Some of Spielbergs most successful movies came from__________.
28.When Spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of__________.
29.Spielberg is very good at __________.
30.Spielberg says he makes movies for __________.
A.almost everything
B.telling scary stories
C.a number of reasons
D.making children laugh
E.his childhood memories
F.a lot of money
Text three
Traffic Jams--No End in Sight
(1) Traffic congestion (拥堵) affects people throughout the world.Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world.In the U.S., commuters (通勤人员 ) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute.While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.
(2) The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.
(3) Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour.Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars.Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
(4) Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets.But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.
(5) Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment.For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transportsystemsandupgradethemwithmoreefficienttechnologies.But
environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.
23.Paragraph 1 __________
24.Paragraph 2 __________
25.Paragraph 3 __________
26.Paragraph 4 __________
A.Paying to get in
B.Changing work practice
C.Not doing enough
D.A solution which is no solution
E.Closing city centres to traffic
F.A global problem
27.Most American drivers think it convenient to__________.
28.If charged high enough, some drivers may enter certain parts of town __________.
29.Building more roads is not an effective way to __________.
30.The U.S.government has planned to __________ updating public-transport systems.
A.reduce traffic jams
B.drive around
C.go by bus
D.spend more money
E.travel regularly
F.encourage more private cars
参考答案与解析
Text one
23.E。题干：第一段的主要内容是__________。第一段的主题句是第一句，大意是说英国政府的一项报告指出许多中学面临着师资困难，故E(有关师资短缺的报告)是正确答案。
24.D。题干：第二段的主要内容是__________。第二段首句是主题句，大意为“根据报告，中学教学的主要问题是工资低”，故D(低工资的问题)是正确答案。
25.A。题干：第三段的主要内容是__________。第三段的主题句为第二句，“yet”之前讨论的是师资不足不仅仅是钱的问题，“yet”之后讨论人们不愿做老师的另外一个原因就是有些学生行为恶劣，因而A(学生的不良行为和缺乏管束)是正确答案。
26.c。题干：第四段的主要内容是__________。四段没有主题句，以Brian Jones的例子来说明教师在看到学生通过考试时的满足感，后半部分则是他希望政府能够给老师减负，故C(教师工作负担重)是正确答案。(如果段落之中没有明显的主题句，则需要根据大意或者高频词汇进行判断。)
27.F。题干：越来越多的年轻人不愿意从事教师的职业__________。利用题干关键词young people可以定位到第二段第二句，教师工资比很多其他职业的工资低得多，这意味着越来越少的年轻人决定做教师，所以答案为F(因为低工资)
28.E。题干：家长被鼓励要支持教师，当有__________的时候。利用题干关键词parents和back the teacher可以定位到第三段最后两句，Dave Hallam认为家长要为孩子在学校的不良行为负责，应该在家严格要求孩子，同时也要教会孩子尊重老师，对比几个选项，可以发现选项E(纪律问题)比较符合语境。
29.C。题干：政府应该给教师减负来减轻__________。利用题干关键词reduce the workload可以定位到第三段最后一句，可知Brian认为政府应该给教师减负，因为他发现他的工作量太多了，所答案为C(他们的压力)o
30.A。题干：政府应该通过宣传__________来提升教师职业。利用题目顺序和段落顺序一致的原则以及题干关键词government，promotin9和advertisin9等可以定位到第五段的第三句，即政府也应发动全国性的宣传运动，例如在电视和报纸做广告等，来展示教授年轻人的积极意义。因此，该题答案选A(它的好处)。
Text two
23.F。题干：第一段的段落大意为__________。第一段的主题句为首句，即Steven Spielberg有一个目标，那就是给很多愿意倾听的人讲很多好的故事，所以选项F“人生的目标”为正确答案。
24.A。题干：第二段的段落大意为__________。第二段的主题句为第一句：Even decades later,Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years，which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.即Spielber9认为他对儿时有着清晰的记忆，而这些就是他一些成功作品的来源，所以选项A“电影的灵感”为正确答案。
25.E。题干：第三段的段落大意为__________。第三段无明显的主题句，该段主要讲Spielberg很擅长讲恐怖的故事，让他交到了很多朋友，所以选项E“讲故事来交朋友”为正确答案。
26.D。题干：第四段的段落大意为__________。第四段无明显的主题句，该段主要讲述Spielberg被电影学院所拒，然后到离好莱坞比较近的大学上学，并努力获得在好莱坞实习的机会，获得电影合同后就退学了，所以选项D“进入电影行业”为正确答案。
27.E。题干：Spielberg非常成功的电影都来自于__________。利用题干关键词和第24题的.分析，可知Spielberg认为他对儿时有着清晰的记忆，而这些就是他一些成功作品的来源，所以选项E“他儿时的记忆”为正确答案。
28.A。题干：Spielberg是个孩子的时候，他害怕__________。利用题干关键词be scared of可以定位到第二段“He was scared ofjust about everything”，意为“他害怕几乎所有的一切”，所以选项A“几乎所有的一切”为正确答案。
29.B。题干：Spielberg很擅长__________。利用题干关键词is good at和题目顺序与题干顺序一致的原则，可以定位第三段“Spielberg’s talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends”，意为“Spielberg讲恐怖故事的天赋让他交到了朋友”，所以选项B“讲恐怖故事”为正确答案。
30.C。题干：Spielber9说他制作电影是因为__________。利用题干关键词make movie可以定位到第五段“There are films that I feel I need to make，for a variety of reasons，for personal reasons.for reasons that l want to have fun…”，意为“我觉得我需要制作电影，因为各种各样的原因，比如因为个人的原因，因为我想找到乐趣的原因”，所以选项C“很多原因”为正确答案。
Text three
23.F。第一段首句是主题句，交通拥挤影响到了全世界的人，故F(全球问题)是正确答案。
24.A。第二段首旬是主题句，最有希望减少城市拥挤的技术被称为拥堵收费，即车辆在一天的特定时段进入城里的特定区域是要收费的。故A(付费进入)是正确答案。
25.B。第三段首句是主题句，另一种缓解高峰期交通拥堵的方法是雇主实行弹性工作时间，这可以让员工在非高峰期往返工作，以避开上下班的高峰，因而B(改变上下班惯例)是正确答案。
26.D。第四段没有主题句，通过本段可知很多人认为缓解交通压力最好的办法是多修路，但作者认为这种办法并不能真正解决问题。故D(一个不能解决问题的解决方案)是正确答案。
27.B。句意：大部分美国人认为很方便。利用关键词convenient可以定位，根据第一段最后一句“most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience.Comfort and privacy”可知，很多人选择开车是为了舒适、方便和隐私。因而答案为B。
28.C。题干：如果收费足够高，许多司机可能进入城镇的特定区域。利用题干关键词charge可以定位，根据第二段“In theory，if the toll is high enough.some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，“理论上，如果收费足够高，有些司机将会取消行程或者乘坐公交或火车”，所以C(坐公交)为正确答案。
29.A。题干：建设更多的路不是的有效方法。利用题干关键词building roads等可以定位，根据第四段可知，有些城市规划者认为缓解交通拥挤的最好办法是建更多的路，但是并不能真的让车远离道路，而只会容纳更多的车。因而修路并不是缓解拥堵的好办法，所以A(缓解交通拥挤)为正确答案。
30.D。题干：美国政府计划通过升级公共交通系统来。利用题干关键词government和public—transport system等可以定位，根据第五段倒数第二句可知，美国政府决定花费70亿美元来提高公用交通系统的通行量，并使用更有效的技术对其进行升级，所以D(花费更多钱)为正确答案。
职称英语真题《综合B》阅读理解题 3
US Signs GlobalTobacco Treaty
1 The UnitedStates has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty thatpromises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout theworld.Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the FrameworkConvention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations.(46)_____
2 The FCTC wasdeveloped by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the WorldHealth Assembly，including the United States, last year.(47)_____
3 For instance,cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on atleast 30% of the front and back of every pack.(48)_____It also requires banson tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like theUnited States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 (49)_____ TheWorld Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 millionpeople worldwide every year.In the US alone, about 440,000 people die eachyear from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the USare caused by tobacco use.If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty mustbe ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect.(50)_____
A.Tobacco stocksalso perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(诉讼) from the US.
B.So far, 109countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
C.The impact ofthe treaty could be huge.
D.Countries thatratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
E.The treatycalls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, andmore promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.
F.The Senate muststill approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.
46——50：FDECB
职称英语真题《综合B》阅读理解题 4
Friendly Relations with the People Around
1、You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness （归属） that you must have to feel secure.But， in fact， the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them.A person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound （一定的） to be a lonely wolf.
2、The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness.How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences.You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you.The important point， however， is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.
3、Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game.You don‘t know them.When the game is over， you will all go your separate ways.But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship， of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.
4、An experience of this kind gives the clue （线索） to what companionship really is.It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy， understanding， trust， and affection.Companions become friends when ihese ties are formed.
5、When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances （熟人）， you may not know with whom you will make friends， but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.
1.Paragraph 2 。
2.Paragraph 3 。
3.Paragraph 4 。
4.Paragraph 5 。
A Making friends with new acquaintances
B Close link between companionship and belongingness
C How to satisfy other people’s needs
DAn example of a satisfying relationship
E Difficulties in establishing friendships
F What companionship really is
5.If you had no one to share your feelings， your life would be______________.
6.The warm feeling of belongingness may give you______________.
7.The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you______________.
8.You will find it hard to make friends with people______________.
A without pity
B sad and lonely
C emotionally healthy
D without real love for them /
E a sense of security
F a lonely wolf
答案
1.B 2.D 3.F 4.A 5.B 6.E 7.C 8.D
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