医学英语词汇归类

时间:2023-02-28 05:10:39 职业英语 我要投稿
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医学英语词汇归类汇总

  东、西方文化历史背景是中、西医学形成、发展的土壤。公元2世纪东、西方的两位医学巨匠张仲景和盖伦,传承了不同的学术思想,创建了迥异的医学范式,发展和完善了不同的理论体系,使中、西医学各自走向了两条完全不同的发展道路。

医学英语词汇归类汇总

  1.医院部门及科室名称

  out-patient department 门诊部

  In-patient department 住院部

  Nursing department 护理部

  Admission office 住院处

  Discharge office 出院处

  Registration office 挂号处

  Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室

  Consultation room 诊察室

  Isolation room 隔离室

  Delivery room 分娩室

  Emergency room 急诊室

  Ward 病房室

  Department of internal medicine 内科

  Department of surgery 外科

  Department of pediatrics 儿科

  Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科

  Department of neurology 神经科

  Department of ophtalmology 眼科

  E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科

  Department of stomatology 口腔科

  Department of urology 泌尿科

  Department of orthopedic 骨科

  Department of traumatology 创伤科

  Department of endocrinology 内分泌科

  Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科

  Department of dermatology 皮肤科

  Department of infectious diseases 传染病科

  Department of pathology 病理科

  Department of psychiatry 精神科

  Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科

  Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科

  Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科

  Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科

  Pharmacy dispensary 药房

  Nutrition department 营养部

  Diet-preparation department 配膳室

  Therapeutic department 治疗室

  Operating room/Theater 手术室

  Blood-bank 血站 Supply-room 供应室

  Disinfection-room 消毒室

  Dressing room 换药室

  Mortuary 太平间

  Record room 病案室

  Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科

  Department of physiotherapy 理疗科

  electrotherapy room 电疗科

  heliotherapy room 光疗科

  wax-therapy room 蜡疗科

  hydrotherapy room 水疗科

  central laboratory 中心实验室

  clinical laboratory 临床实验室

  bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室

  biochemical laboratory 生化实验室

  serological laboratory 血清实验室

  X-ray room X光室

  doctor's office 医生办公室

  nurse's office 护士办公室

  2.医务人员名称

  director of the hospital 院长

  physician 内科医师

  chief physician 主任医师

  associate chief physician 副主任医师

  attending doctor 主治医师

  resident doctor 住院医师

  intern doctor 实习医师

  general practitioner 全科医师

  specialist 专科医师

  head of the nursing department 护理部主任

  Head nurse 护士长

  Student nurse 实习护士

  E.N.T.doctor 耳鼻喉科医师

  Ophthalmologist 眼科医师

  Dentist 牙科医师

  Orthopedist 骨科医师

  Dermatologist 皮肤科医师

  urologist surgeon 泌尿外科医师

  neurosurgeon 神经外科医师

  plastic surgeon 矫形外科医师

  anaesthetist 麻醉科医师

  Doctor for tuberculosis 结核科医师

  Physiotherapist 理疗科

  Doctor for infectious diseases 传染病科

  Dietician 营养科医师

  Pediatrician 儿科医师

  Obstetrician 产科医师

  Midwife 助产师

  Gynecologist 妇科医师

  Radiologist 放射科医师

  Epidemiologist 流行病医师

  Pharmacist 药剂医师

  Assistant pharmacist 药剂医士

  Laboratory technician 化验员

  Assistant nurse 卫生员

  Cleaner 清洁员

  Controller 总务科长

  Registrar 挂号员

  Sanitation worker 消毒员

  3.诊断和治疗常用词汇

  inspection 望诊

  inquiry 问诊

  auscultation 听诊

  percussion 扣诊

  palpation 触诊

  biopsy 活组织检查

  pathological section 病理切片

  endoscopy 内窥镜检查

  ECG(electrocardiogram) examination 心电图检查

  EEG(electrocardiogram) examination 脑电图检查

  Intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影术

  Skin-test 皮肤试验

  examination by centesis 穿刺检查

  routine analysis of blood 血常规分析

  urine analysis of blood 尿常规分析

  red blood cell count(RBC) 红细胞计数

  white blood cell count(WBC) 白细胞计数

  general check-up 全身检查

  routine examination 常规检查

  follow-up examination 随访检查

  consultation 会诊

  emergency 急诊

  diagnosis 诊断

  prognosis 预后

  convalescence, recovery 康复

  relapse 复发

  treatment 治疗

  prescribe 开药方

  fill a prescription 配药

  injecting 打针

  hypodermic injection 皮下注射

  intramuscular injection 肌肉注射

  intravenous injection 静脉注射

  inoculating 预防注射

  fluid infusion 点滴注射

  blood transfusion 输血

  dose 剂量

  tablet 药片

  capsule 胶囊

  liquid medicine 药水

  powder 药粉

  ointment 药膏(软膏)

  plaster 硬膏,石膏

  lotion 洗剂

  suppository 栓剂

  analgesics 止痛药

  antipyetics 退烧药

  antitussive 止咳药

  expectorant 祛痰药

  diuretics 利尿药

  hemostatic 止血药

  antidiarrheal 止泄药

  antipruritic 止痒药

  antidote 解毒药

  antirheumatic 抗风湿药

  anticarcinogen 抗癌药

  antibiotics 抗菌素

  anticoagulant 抗凝剂

  cardiac tonic 强心药

  vasodilator 血管舒张药

  vasoconstrictor 血管收缩药

  antiepileptic 抗癫痫药

  antispasmodic 解痉药

  sedative 镇静药

  anesthetics 麻醉药

  penicillin 盘尼西林

  streptomycin 链霉素

  gentamycin 庆大霉素

  aspirin 阿斯匹林

  morphine 吗啡

  dolantin 杜冷丁

  iodine 碘酒

  distilled water 蒸馏水

  normal saline solution 生理食盐水

  atropine 阿托品

  hormone 激素

  glucose 葡萄糖

  side effect, adverse effect 副作用

  operative treatment 手术疗法

  major operation 大手术

  minor operation 小手术

  anesthesia 麻醉

  general anesthesia 全身麻醉

  local anesthesia 局部麻醉

  excision, removal, resection 切除术

  tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术

  thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术

  pneumonectomy 肺切除术

  mastectomy 乳房切除术

  gastrectomy 胃切除术

  cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术

  hepalobectomy 肝叶切除术

  splenectomy 脾切除术

  nephrectomy 肾切除术

  salpingectomy 输卵管切除术

  hysterectomy 子宫切除术

  hysteromyomectomy 子宫肌瘤切除术

  proctectomy 直肠切除术

  appendectomy 阑尾切除术

  prostatectomy 前列腺切除术

  tracheotomy 气管切开术

  incision of abscess 脓肿切开术

  craniotomy 颅骨切开

  thoracotomy 胸廓切开

  laparotomy 剖腹术

  amputation 截肢

  fixation 固定

  hot compress 热敷

  cold compress 冷敷

  gastric lavage 洗胃

  enema 灌肠

  urethral catheterication 导尿

  hemostasis 止血

  dressing 包扎

  sew up the incision 缝合切口

  remove the stitches 拆线

  cardiac massage 心脏按摩

  artificial respiration 人工呼吸

  diet 饮食

  special diet 特定饮食

  low protein diet 低蛋白饮食

  low fat diet 低脂肪饮食

  low calorie diet 低热量饮食

  liquid diet 流质饮食

  semi-liquid diet 半流质饮食

  solid diet 固体饮食

  light diet 易消化的饮食

  vegetable diet 素食

  4.常见疾病名称

  Internal Medicine 内科

  Acidosis 酸中毒

  Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚-斯氏综合症

  alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication 酒精中毒

  alkalosis 碱中毒

  anaphylaxis 过敏症

  anemia 贫血

  iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血

  megaloblastic anemia 巨幼红细胞性贫血

  aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血

  angiitis 脉管炎

  angina pectoris 心绞痛

  arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化

  apoplexy 中风

  auricular fibrillation 心房纤颤

  auriculo-ventricular block 房室传导阻滞

  bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘

  bronchitis 支气管炎

  bronchiectasis 支气管扩张

  bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎

  carcinoma 癌

  cardiac arrhythmia 心律紊乱

  cardiac failure 心力衰竭

  cardiomyopathy 心肌病

  cirrhosis 肝硬化

  coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病

  Crohn disease 克罗恩病

  Cushing's syndrome 库欣综合症

  diabetes 糖尿病

  diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管凝血

  dysentery 痢疾

  enteritis 肠炎

  gastric ulcer 胃溃疡

  gastritis 胃炎

  gout 痛风

  hepatitis 肝炎

  Hodgkin's disease 霍奇金病

  hyperlipemia 高脂血症,血脂过多

  hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进

  hypersplenism 脾功能亢进

  hypertension 高血压

  hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进

  hypoglycemia 低血糖

  hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退

  infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎

  influenza 流感

  leukemia 白血病

  lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎

  lymphadenitis 淋巴结炎

  lymphoma 淋巴瘤

  malaria 疟疾

  malnutrition 营养不良

  measles 麻疹

  myeloma 骨髓瘤

  myocardial infarction 心肌梗死

  myocarditis 心肌炎

  nephritis 肾炎

  nephritic syndrome 肾综合症

  obstructive pulmonary emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿

  pancreatitis 胰腺炎

  peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡

  peritonitis 腹膜炎

  pleuritis 胸膜炎

  pneumonia 肺炎

  pneumothorax 气胸

  purpura 紫癜

  allergic purpura 过敏性紫癜

  thrombocytolytic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜

  pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎

  renal failure 肾功能衰竭

  rheumatic fever 风湿病

  rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎

  scarlet fever 猩红热

  septicemia 败血症

  syphilis 梅毒

  tachycardia 心动过速

  tumour 肿瘤

  typhoid 伤寒

  ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎

  upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道血

  Neurology 神经科

  brain abscess 脑脓肿

  cerebral embolism 脑栓塞

  cerebral infarction 脑梗死

  cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓

  cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血

  concussion of brain 脑震荡

  craniocerebral injury 颅脑损伤

  epilepsy 癫痫

  intracranial tumour 颅内肿瘤

  intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿

  meningitis 脑膜炎

  migraine 偏头痛

  neurasthenia 神经衰弱

  neurosis 神经官能症

  paranoid psychosis 偏执性精神病

  Parkinson's disease 帕金森综合症

  psychosis 精神病

  schizophrenia 精神分裂症

  Surgery 外科

  abdominal external hernia 腹外疝

  acute diffuse peritonitis 急性弥漫性腹膜炎

  acute mastitis 急性乳腺炎

  acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎

  acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔

  acute pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎

  anal fissure 肛裂

  anal fistula 肛瘘

  anesthesia 麻醉

  angioma 血管瘤

  appendicitis 阑尾炎

  bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer 胃十二指肠溃疡出血

  bone tumour 骨肿瘤

  breast adenoma 乳房腺瘤

  burn 烧伤

  cancer of breast 乳腺癌

  carbuncle 痈

  carcinoma of colon 结肠炎

  carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌

  carcinoma of gallbladder 胆囊癌

  carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌

  carcinoma of stomach 胃癌

  cholecystitis 胆囊炎

  cervical spondylosis 颈椎病

  choledochitis 胆管炎

  cholelithiasis 胆石症

  chondroma 软骨瘤

  dislocation of joint 关节脱位

  erysipelas 丹毒

  fracture 骨折

  furuncle 疖

  hemorrhoid 痔

  hemothorax 血胸

  hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大

  intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻

  intestinal tuberculosis 肠结核

  lipoma 脂肪瘤

  lithangiuria 尿路结石

  liver abscess 肝脓肿

  melanoma 黑色素瘤

  osseous tuberculosis 骨结核

  osteoclastoma 骨巨细胞瘤

  osteoporosis 骨质疏松症

  osteosarcoma 骨质疏松症

  osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤

  Paget's disease 佩吉特病

  perianorecrtal abscess 肛管直肠周围脓肿

  phlegmon 蜂窝织炎

  portal hypertension 门静脉高压

  prostatitis 前列腺炎

  protrusion of intervertebral disc 椎间盘突出

  purulent arthritis 化脓性关节炎

  pyogenic ostcomyclitis 化脓性骨髓炎

  pyothorax 脓胸

  rectal polyp 直肠息肉

  rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎

  rupture of spleen 脾破裂

  scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎

  tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎

  tetanus 破伤风

  thromboangiitis 血栓性脉管炎

  thyroid adenocarcinoma 甲状腺腺癌

  thyroid adenoma 甲状腺腺瘤

  trauma 创伤

  urinary infection 泌尿系感染

  varicose vein of lower limb 下肢静脉曲张

  Paediatrics 儿科

  acute military tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核

  acute necrotic enteritis 急性坏死性结肠炎

  anaphylactic purpura 过敏性紫癜

  ancylostomiasis 钩虫病

  ascariasis 蛔虫病

  asphyxia of the newborn 新生儿窒息

  atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损

  birth injury 产伤

  cephalhematoma 头颅血肿

  cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪

  congenital torticollis 先天性斜颈

  convulsion 惊厥

  Down's syndrome 唐氏综合症

  glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎

  hemophilia 血友病

  infantile diarrhea 婴儿腹泻

  intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血

  intussusception 肠套叠

  necrotic enterocolitis of newborn 新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎

  neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸

  nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血

  nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血

  patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭

  poliomyelitis 骨髓灰质炎

  premature infant 早产儿

  primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核

  progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌肉营养不良

  pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉狭窄

  purulent meningitis 化脓性脑膜炎

  rickets 佝偻病

  sepsis of the newborn 新生儿败血症

  tetanus of the newborn 新生儿破伤风

  tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症

  thrush 鹅口疮,真菌性口炎

  varicella 水痘

  ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损

  viral encephalitis 病毒性脑炎

  viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎

  Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇,产科

  abortion 流产

  adenomyosis 子宫内膜异位症

  amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞

  Bartholin's cyst 巴氏腺囊肿

  carcinoma of cervix 子宫颈癌

  carcinoma of endometrium 子宫内膜癌

  carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌

  cervicitis 宫颈炎

  chorio-epithelioma 绒毛膜上皮癌

  corpora luteum cyst 黄体囊肿

  dystocia 难产

  eclampsia 子痫

  edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome

  水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征(妊娠高血压综合征)

  endometriosis 子宫内膜异位症

  extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外孕

  hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎

  hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠剧吐

  infertility 不育症

  irregular menstruation 月经失调

  lochia 恶露

  monilial vaginitis 念珠菌性阴道炎

  multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠

  myoma of uterus 子宫肿瘤

  oligohydramnios 羊水过少

  ovarian tumour 卵巢肿瘤

  pelvic inflammatory disease 盆腔炎

  placenta previa 前置胎盘

  placental abruption 胎盘早期剥离

  pregnancy-hypertension syndrome 妊娠高血压综合症

  premature birth 早产

  premature rupture of membrane 胎膜早破

  postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血

  puerperal infection 产褥感染

  rupture of uterus 子宫破裂

  trichomonas vaginitis 滴虫性阴道炎

  uteroplacental apoplexy 子宫胎盘卒中

  vulvitis 外阴炎

  Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology 五官科

  amblyopia 弱视

  amygdalitis, tonsillitis 扁桃体炎

  astigmatism 散光

  carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌

  carcinoma of larynx 喉癌

  cataract 白内障

  tinnitus 耳鸣

  chalazion 霰粒肿,脸板腺囊肿

  colour blindness 色盲

  deflection of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲

  deafness 聋

  furuncle of nasalvestibule 鼻前庭疖

  glaucoma 青光眼

  heterotropia 斜视

  hyperopia 远视

  injury of cornea 角膜损伤

  ceruminal impaction 耵聍嵌塞

  iritis 虹膜炎

  keratitis 角膜炎

  labyrinthitis 迷路炎, 内耳炎

  laryngitis 喉炎

  mastoiditis 乳突炎

  myopia 近视

  nasal sinusitis 鼻窦炎

  otitis media 中耳炎

  obstruction of larynx 喉梗阻

  peritonsillar abscess 扁桃体中脓肿

  pharyngitis 咽炎

  rhinitis 鼻炎

  Dermatoloty 皮科

  acne 痤疮

  carcinoma of skin 皮肤癌

  bed sore 褥疮

  decubitus ulcer 褥疮性溃疡

  drug eruption 药皮疹

  eczema 湿疹

  herpes simplex 单纯疱疹

  herpes zoster 带状疱疹

  lupus erythematosis 红斑狼疮

  psoriasis 牛皮癣

  urticaria 荨麻疹

  wart 疣

  5.常见手术名称

  General Sugery 普外

  appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术

  cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术

  cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术

  drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流

  enterostomy 肠造口术

  exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术

  gastrectomy 胃切除术

  gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术

  hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术

  hepaticotomy 肝管切开术

  hepatectomy 肝切除术

  herniorrhaphy 疝修补术

  ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎

  pancreatectomy 胰切除术

  portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术

  pyloroplasty 幽门成形术

  mastectomy 乳房切除术

  splenectomy 脾切除术

  thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术

  thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术

  vagotomy 迷走神经切断术

  Orthopedics 骨科

  amputation 截肢

  arthrodesis 关节固定术

  curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术

  excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术

  external fixation 外固定

  fasciotomy 筋膜切开术

  free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植

  internal fixation 内固定

  plaster cast 石膏管形

  plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定

  prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术

  reduction of fracture 骨折复位

  reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位

  repair if ligament 韧带修补

  replantation if digit断指再植

  skeletal traction 骨牵引

  tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术

  Thoracic Surgery 胸外科

  aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流

  closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流

  complete intracardiac repair of Fallot's Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术

  dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术

  exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查

  heart transplantation 心脏移植

  heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术

  ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术

  lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除

  local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术

  parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus

  食管部分切除、重建

  repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术

  repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术

  repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补

  pericardiectomy 心包切除术

  peicardiotomy 心包切开术

  pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术

  resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术

  Urology 泌尿科

  cystoplasty 膀胱成形术

  cystostomy 膀胱造口术

  nephrectomy 肾切除术

  nephrostomy肾造口术

  nephrolithotomy肾石切除术

  orchiectomy睾丸切除术

  prostatectomy前列腺切除术

  renal biopsy肾活检

  renal transplantation肾移植

  urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除

  urethroplasty 尿道成形术

  vasoligation 输精管结扎术

  Neurosurgery 神经外科

  decompression 减压术

  excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术

  exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术

  lobectomy (脑)叶切除术

  removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术

  repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术

  Dentistry 牙科

  dental prosthetics 镶牙

  filling 牙填充

  orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术

  periodontal treatment 牙周治疗

  tooth extraction 拔牙

  Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科

  amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术

  cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术

  cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产

  culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术

  dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术

  excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术

  hysterectomy 子宫切除术

  induction of labor 引产术

  ovarian cystectomy 助产术

  oophorectomy 卵巢切除术

  salpingectomy 输卵管切除术

  sterilization 绝育术

  uterine curetlage 刮宫术

  vulvectomy 外阴切除术

  Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科

  aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术

  closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位

  corneal grafting 角膜移植

  enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术

  excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术

  extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除

  laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术

  lens extraction 晶体摘除

  mastoidectomy 乳突切开术

  myringotomy 鼓膜切开术

  myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术

  nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术

  septoplasty (鼻)中隔成形术

  sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术

  submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术

  tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术

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