感恩节的由来中英对照

时间：2020-10-10 13:46:34 其他节日我要投稿

感恩节的由来中英对照

　　每年11月第四个星期四定为感恩节。感恩节假期一般会从星期四持续到星期天。本文《感恩节的由来中英对照》将带领大家一起了解下更多关于感恩节的内容!

感恩节的由来中英对照

　　感恩节的由来英文

　　The Pilgrims who sailed tothis country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the EnglishSeparatist Church (a Puritan sect)。 They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland (The Netherlands) to escape religiouspersecution. There, they enjoyed more religious tolerance, but they eventuallybecame disenchanted with the Dutch way of life, thinking it ungodly. Seeking abetter life, the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to financea pilgrimage to America. Most of those making the trip aboard the Mayflowerwere non-Separatists, but were hired to protect the company's interests. Onlyabout one-third of the original colonists were Separatists.

　　乘 “五月花”来到这个国度的旅行者(朝圣者)原本是英国分离者地下教会清教徒，他们的家在英国，因不堪忍受国内的宗教迫害，他们逃亡到荷兰。在荷兰，他们享受了更多的宗教信仰自由，但最终却意识到在荷兰的这种生活方式是对他们的主的亵渎。为了寻求更好的生活，他们与伦敦贸易公司协商，由该公司资助他们到美国。在这趟旅途中，船上只有大约1/3的乘客是清教徒，其他大多数人并非分离派清教徒，而是公司雇佣来保护其利益的人员(契约奴)。

　　The Pilgrims set ground at Plymouth Rock onDecember 11, 1620. Their first winter was devastating. At the beginning of the following fall, they had lost 46 of the original 102 who sailed on theMayflower. But the harvest of 1621 was a bountiful one. And the remainingcolonists decided to celebrate with a feast ——including 91 Indians who had helped the Pilgrims survive their first year. Itis believed that the Pilgrims would not have made it through the year withoutthe help of the natives. The feast was more of a traditional English harvestfestival than a true “thanksgiving” observance. It lasted three days.

　　1620年 12月11日，旅行者们在“普利茅斯石”登陆。他们的第一个冬季是灾难性的，第二年秋天来临时，原来的102名乘客只剩下56人。但1621年他们获得了大丰收，这些幸存的殖民者们决定和帮助他们度过困难的91名印第安人一起飨宴庆祝。他们相信，若没有当地居民的帮助，他们是不可能度过这一年的。这次节日的盛宴不仅仅是一个“感恩”仪式，它更像英国传统的丰收庆典。庆典持续了三天。

　　Governor William Bradford sent “four men fowling” after wild ducks andgeese. It is not certain that wild turkey was part of their feast. However, itis certain that they had venison. The term “turkey” was used by the Pilgrims to mean any sort of wild fowl.

　　总督布雷德福派了“四人捕鸟队”去捕捉野鸭和野鹅。我们现在并不能确定是否有野生火鸡在当时的筵席上，但筵席上肯定有鹿肉。当时，朝圣者用“火鸡”一词来代表各种野禽。

　　Another modern staple at almost every Thanksgivingtable is pumpkin pie. But it is unlikely that the first feast included thattreat. The supply of flour had been long diminished, so there was no bread orpastries of any kind. However, they did eat boiled pumpkin, and they produced atype of fried bread from their corn crop. There was also no milk, cider,potatoes, or butter. There was no domestic cattle for dairy products, and thenewly-discovered potato was still considered by many Europeans to be poisonous.But the feast did include fish, berries, watercress, lobster, dried fruit,clams, venison, and plums.

　　现在，几乎每家感恩节餐桌上都有南瓜馅饼――感恩节的另一种主食。但在当年的第一次庆典上却不可能有这种食品。因为面粉奇缺，所以面包、馅饼、糕点等食物都没有。但他们却吃了煮南瓜，并用收获的玉米制成了一种油炸面包。也没有牛奶、苹果酒、土豆和黄油。没有驯养的奶牛，自然没有牛奶;而新发现的土豆被很多欧洲人认为是有毒的。第一次庆典上有鱼、草莓、豆瓣菜、龙虾、干果、蛤、鹿肉、李子等。

　　This “thanksgiving” feast was not repeated the following year. But in 1623, during asevere drought, the pilgrims gathered in a prayer service, praying for rain.When a long, steady rain followed the very next day, Governor Bradfordproclaimed another day of Thanksgiving, again inviting their Indian friends. Itwasn't until June of 1676 that another Day of Thanksgiving was proclaimed.

　　紧接着的第二年(1622)却没有举行“感恩”庆典。到了1623年，发生了一场严重的旱灾，朝圣者们聚集到一起，举行了虔诚的祁雨仪式，刚好在第二天，一场充沛的'大雨从天而降。威廉布雷德福总督宣布再次庆祝感恩节，并再次邀请了他们的印第安朋友。之后数年无感恩节，直到1676年6月，感恩节才再次被提出。

　　On June 20, 1676, the governing council of Charlestown, Massachusetts, held a meeting to determine how best to express thanks for the good fortune that had seen their community securely established.By unanimous vote they instructed Edward Rawson, the clerk, to proclaim June 29as a day of thanksgiving. It is notable that this thanksgiving celebrationprobably did not include the Indians, as the celebration was meant partly to bein recognition of the colonists' recent victory over the “heathen natives,”

　　1676年6月20日，马萨诸塞州的查尔斯顿理事会召开会议，以确定如何最好地表达他们的感谢——好运使得他们的共和国牢固建立。通过一致表决他们指示爱德华罗森总统，宣布六月二十九日的一天感恩。值得注意的是，今年的感恩节庆祝活动可能不包括印度人，作为庆祝活动在一定程度上成为了殖民者战胜“野蛮的土著人的认可，”

　　感恩节吃火鸡的由来

　　今年感恩节，约有4000万只火鸡在十一月的第四个星期四难逃成为餐桌佳肴的命运。

　　作为美国国家的自豪和美国家庭价值观念的象征，火鸡当之无愧。但火鸡又是如何跻身为感恩节的餐桌经典呢?

　　成功既不是一蹴而就，也不是命中注定。如今已经无法确定最早吃火鸡习俗是否是来源于1621年丰收庆典中清教徒和万帕诺亚格人共享的火鸡大餐。当时，野生火鸡数量较多;移民领袖威廉·布拉德福德(William Bradford)在日记中提到那些火鸡“数量繁多”。但是，日记仅存的篇幅中关于这次大餐的记录仅有四个男人去“捕鸟”，而这种猎物既可以指鸭子或是天鹅等所有禽类。

　　1777年开始，美国国会宣布将感恩节设为国家的传统节日，与此同时美国国徽也应运而生，不过由于火鸡形象不够正派，并没有当选国徽标志。当时设计国徽时参考了这么几种鸟类：公鸡、和平鸽和鹰。最终，美国国徽委员会接受了查尔斯·汤姆森(Charles Thomson)于1782年提出的使用秃鹰图案的建议。

　　然而，两年之后，本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)在自传中写道他怀疑当初的决定是否有误：“我不希望秃鹰成为我们国家的象征。这种鸟道德败坏，为了生存不择手段…大多数秃鹫都是穷途末路，而且往往很肮脏。”与之相反，富兰克林写道，而火鸡则是一种“更容易被接受的鸟类…虽然有那么点平庸而愚笨，但是却能代表着勇气。”

　　富兰克林的无心赞美使得火鸡的形象有所转折。19世纪，火鸡作为廉价肉类产品为广大美国人购买，成为了畅销品。到了1869年，美国作家哈里耶持·比彻·斯托(Harriet Beecher Stowe)在其作品《老镇居民》(“Old Town Folks”)中提及旧时的感恩节情景，“火鸡，鸡肉…以及其他各种各样的蔬菜，种类繁不胜数，凡是美国土地能长出来的东西都摆在了餐桌上。”

　　尽管火鸡的餐桌地位傲视群雄，但是它的形象仍然无法企及狼、熊及北美野牛。19世纪美国诗人中鲜有讴歌火鸡的，不过倒有一位从火鸡找到灵感进行创作，他就是美国民间作家詹姆斯·惠特科姆·莱利(James Whitcomb Riley 1849-1916)，他的作品有《安妮》(“Little Orphant Annie”)。

　　莱利写过如下经典诗句：“当冷霜初降，南瓜与饲草披上一层白衣，/慵懒的雄火鸡发出咯咯的叫声…啊，这叫声在我心上敲出一串声响，好像大钟滴滴答答，”也许这些诗句让其他诗人觉得关于火鸡已经无可再写了。

　　直到20世纪人们对火鸡的印象才从火烤肉饼食材中有所改观。如果说1968年百老汇音乐剧《承诺，承诺》(“Promises, Promises”)可能被人们所淡忘，但其中第一幕美轮美奂的歌舞片段“火鸡藏好”( “Turkey Lurkey Time”)成为了永恒的经典手机铃声和合唱团曲目。

　　1983年，在英国一档游戏竞赛电视节目《家族财富》(“Family Fortunes”)中，火鸡创造了历史。参赛者要利用火鸡来回答三个同一行或者同一列的问题，例如“说出人们去海滩要带的东西。”不过火鸡真正火起来是在接下来的十年中，美国全国广播公司(NBC)的情景喜剧《老友记》(“Friends”)——在该剧第五季第八集中，火鸡成为了传奇的伟大存在。没有人想到像剧中的乔伊(Joey)那样能够把脑袋塞到火鸡肚子里。

　　感恩节的习俗英文

　　thanksgiving day is the most truly american of the national holidays in the united states and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.

　　感恩节是美国法定假日中最地道、最美国式的节日，它和早期美国历史最为密切相关。

　　family reunion and feasting??family feast is an important tradition during thanksgiving. the entire family sits at the table during dinner and offer prayer to the lord almighty for his continuous grace. it is also a time for relatives living in different places to come together and celebrate.

　　家庭盛宴是感恩节期间的一个重要习俗。全家人围坐在饭桌边一起祈祷，愿上帝施与永不停息的恩惠。这也让身处异地的亲友欢聚一堂，同庆美好时光。

　　tradition of turkey??the traditional stuffed turkey adorns every dinner table during the feast. pumpkin pie, cranberry sauce, corns are some of the dishes cooked everywhere to mark the day. though historians don’t have an evidence to prove that turkey was eaten during the first thanksgiving dinner, the thanksgiving celebration will be incomplete without it.

　　传统的填制火鸡让每个餐桌生色不少，南瓜派、酸果沙司、玉米更是那天必不可少的菜肴。虽然历史学家没有证据证明在第一个感恩节时人们就吃火鸡，但没有火鸡的感恩节是不完美的。

　　parades??the traditional thanksgiving parade probably started with president lincoln proclaiming it an official day. the full- dress parade is a way to display the country’s military strength and discipline. the main aim of such parades is to lift the spirits of the spectators, provide them with wholesome entertainment. in the present day, parades are accompanied with musical shows and celebrities.

　　感恩节那天进行的巡游仪式大概始于林肯总统时期，而且这天被宣布为法定节日。隆重的巡游仪式是显示国家军事力量和严明纪律的一个方式，但这样的巡游主要目的是振奋国人，为大众提供一个积极健康的娱乐活动。现代的巡游活动还加入音乐节目，众多名人也参与其中。

　　football games??watching nfl football during thanksgiving is a popular tradition. the traditional game between the detroit lions and the green bay packers continues. one of the most memorable games having been played on this day.

　　感恩节观看美国国家足球联盟的橄榄球比赛也是一个习俗。底特律雄狮和绿湾包装工队之间的传统比赛至今仍然保留着。其中最值得纪念的比赛之一就在感恩节这天举行。

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