冬至的由来英文版

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冬至的由来英文版

　　在我国古代对冬至很重视，冬至被当作一个较大节日，曾有“冬至大如年”的说法，而且有庆贺冬至的习俗。鉴于有的小伙伴想看冬至的由来英文版，下面位大家整理了相关内容，欢迎阅读!

　　Winter SolsticeAs early as 2,500 years ago, about the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), China

　　Winter Solstice

　　As early as 2,500 years ago, about the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), China had determined the point of Winter Solstice by observing movements of the sun with a sundial. It is the earliest of the 24 seasonal division points. The time will be each December 22 or 23 according to the Gregorian calendar.

　　The Northern hemisphere on this day experiences the shortest daytime and longest nighttime. After the Winter Solstice, days will become longer and longer. As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, or muscular, positive things will become stronger and stronger after this day, so it should be celebrated.

　　The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) and thrived in the Tang and Song dynasties (618-1279). The Han people regarded Winter Solstice as a "Winter Festival", so officials would organize celebrating activities. On this day, both officials and common people would have a rest. The army was stationed in, frontier fortresses closed and business and traveling stopped. Relatives and friends presented to each other delicious food. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer scarifies to Heaven and ancestors. Emperors would go to suburbs to worship the Heaven; while common people offered sacrifices to their deceased parents or other relatives. The Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) even had the record that "Winter Solstice is as formal as the Spring Festival," showing the great importance attached to this day.

　　In some parts of Northern China, people eat dumpling soup on this day; while residents of some other places eat dumplings, saying doing so will keep them from frost in the upcoming winter. But in parts of South China, the whole family will get together to have a meal made of red-bean and glutinous rice to drive away ghosts and other evil things. In other places, people also eat tangyuan, a kind of stuffed small dumpling ball made of glutinous rice flour. The Winter Solstice rice dumplings could be used as sacrifices to ancestors, or gifts for friends and relatives. The Taiwan people even keep the custom of offering nine-layer cakes to their ancestors. They make cakes in the shape of chicken, duck, tortoise, pig, cow or sheep with glutinous rice flour and steam them on different layers of a pot. These animals all signify auspiciousness in Chinese tradition. People of the same surname or family clan gather at their ancestral temples to worship their ancestors in age order. After the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand banquet.

　　冬至，是我国农历中一个非常重要的节气，也是一个传统节日，至今仍有不少地方有过冬至节的习俗。冬至俗称“冬节”、“长至节”、“亚岁”等。早在二千五百多年前的春秋时代，我国已经用土圭观测太阳测定出冬至来了，它是二十四节气中最早制订出的一个。时间在每年的阳历12月22日或者23日之间。

　　冬至是北半球全年中白天最短、黑夜最长的一天，过了冬至，白天就会一天天变长。古人对冬至的说法是：阴极之至，阳气始生，日南至，日短之至，日影长之至，故曰“冬至”。冬至过后，各地气候都进入一个最寒冷的阶段，也就是人们常说的“进九”，我国民间有“冷在三九，热在三伏”的说法。现代天文科学测定，冬至日太阳直射南回归线，阳光对北半球最倾斜，北半球白天最短，黑夜最长，这天之后，太阳又逐渐北移。

　　在我国古代对冬至很重视，冬至被当作一个较大节日，曾有“冬至大如年”的说法，而且有庆贺冬至的习俗。《汉书》中说：“冬至阳气起，君道长，故贺。”人们认为：过了冬至，白昼一天比一天长，阳气回升，是一个节气循环的开始，也是一个吉日，应该庆贺。《晋书》上记载有“魏晋冬至日受万国及百僚称贺……其仪亚于正旦。”说明古代对冬至日的重视。

　　现在，一些地方还把冬至作为一个节日来过。北方地区有冬至宰羊，吃饺子、吃馄饨的习俗，南方地区在这一天则有吃冬至米团、冬至长线面的习惯。各个地区在冬至这一天还有祭天祭祖的习俗。

　　用英文介绍“冬至”的起源和习俗

　　冬至

　　After this day, many places in China go through thecoldest period, which is called in Chinese, “Shu Jiu”. In total, there are nineperiods with nine days for each. In the first and second nine days, people keeptheir hands in pockets; in the third and fourth nine days, people can walk onice; in the fifth and sixth nice days, people can see willows along the riverbank; in the seventh and eighth nine days, the swallow comes back and in theninth nine days, the yak starts working.

　　从冬至以后，中国的绝大部分地区都会经历最寒冷的时期，中国人叫它”数九“。这一共有九个时期，每个时期分别有九天。在”一九“和”二九“，手放口袋就能避寒了；”三九“和”四九“，路上会结冰；”五九“和”六九“，可以看到河岸边柳树抽芽了；在”七九“和”八九“，燕子回归，在最后的”九九“，牛开始犁地。

　　冬至winter Solstice

　　冬至：Winter Solstice

　　“solstice”表示“the time of eitherthe longest day in the year (about June 22) or the shortest day in the year(about December 22)”。一年中最长的一天（大约6月22日）或是一年中最短的一天（大约12月22日）。

　　因此，这个单词的用法就很局限，基本就用来表示冬至：Winter Solstice，夏至：Summer Solstice。

　　冬至这天有啥传统习俗？

　　Winter Solstice is a time for the family to get together.One activity that occurs during these get togethers (especially in the southernparts of China and in Chinese communities overseas) is the making and eating of Tangyuan or balls of glutinous rice, which symbolize reunion.

　　冬至是家族团聚的一天。在这天，中国南方的家庭会包汤圆、吃汤圆，以象征团圆的意思。不过在中国北方，似乎更多的人会吃饺子。比如说会有“冬至到，吃水饺”这样的谚语。

　　中国人为什么比较重视冬至？

　　其实，但从中国文化方面讲，“冬至”这个日子还可以翻译成“Dongzhi Festival”，中国人为什么都比较重视这个节气呢？

　　The origins of this festival can be traced back to theyin and yang philosophy of balance and harmony in the cosmos. After thiscelebration, there will be days with longer daylight hours and therefore anincrease in positive energy flowing in.

　　原来还是和“阴阳”相关。人们认为，过了这一天，白昼一天比一天长了，是一个节气循环的开始，“阳”气逐渐回升，因此也算是个吉利的日子啦。

　　在我国北方，每年农历冬至日，都有吃饺子的习俗。

　　这也是为了纪念“医圣”张仲景在冬至之时，将驱寒药材和羊肉用面包包成耳朵样的“娇耳”分给百姓之事。后人学着“娇耳”的样子制作食物，将其叫做“饺子”或“扁食”，冬至吃饺子防冻耳朵的习俗就这样被沿袭了下来。

　　很多人用英文说饺子都喜欢用dumpling这个词，但按照维基百科的定义，dumpling应该是一个“集大成”的概念：原则上，任何“面皮裹馅儿”的食物都可以叫“dumpling”，比如青团子、馄饨等。所以，用dumpling来表示中国特有的“饺子”就太过牵强了。

　　所以，冬至之日，我们想用英文表达饺子就可以说Chinese dumpling，或者干脆直接用拼音Jiaozi.

　　饺子Chinesedumpling / Jiaozi

　　【例句】Mother served a piping hot bowl of Chinesedumplings.

　　妈妈端上了一碗热气腾腾的饺子。

　　冬至吃汤圆，则是我国江南地区的传统习俗。

　　汤圆也称汤团，是一种用糯米粉制成的圆形甜品，“圆”意味着“团圆”、“圆满”，所以冬至吃汤圆又叫“冬至团”。

　　古人有诗云：“家家捣米做汤圆，知是明朝冬至天。”每逢冬至，南方各家各户都会做冬至团，不但自家人吃，亦会赠送亲友以表祝福之意，老上海人在冬至这天就是最讲究吃汤圆的。

　　上面介绍说到“dumpling”可以表示任何“面皮裹馅儿”的食物，因此，向外国人介绍汤圆的时候可以说sweetdumplings。当然，汤圆是我们中国人的传统美食，也可以直接用拼音Tang-yuan表示。

　　汤圆sweet dumplings / Tang-Yuan

　　【例句】In China, people eat tangyuan (sticky riceballs) to symbolize family unity and harmony.

　　在中国，人们吃汤圆象征着家庭的团圆、和谐。

　　Eating soft dumplings in winter is verynice.

　　冬天吃些软糯的汤圆很幸福。

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